The Grünwald Declaration on Media Education

Conscious of the importance of improving the relations between education and communications in our society, educators, communicators and researchers from nineteen countries, meeting at an international symposium in Grünwald, Federal Republic of Germany, from 18 to 22 January 1982, following an invitation from Unesco, drew up the declaration which follows     

Naturalistic Analysis on Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage

The Red Badge of Courage is the masterpiece of Stephen Crane. As a naturalist novel, its success is based on strong visual stimulation and the continuous auditory shock, a three-dimensional war movie which is crackling with sounds and colors was rendered so incisively and vividly. This paper aims to probe the naturalism in The Red Badge of Courage from two angles:visual aspects and auditory aspects.     

Naturalistic Analysis on Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage

The Red Badge of Courage is the masterpiece of Stephen Crane. As a naturalist novel, its success is based on strong vi?sual stimulation and the continuous auditory shock, a three-dimensional war movie ...     

The Impact of Students’ Approaches to Essay Writing on the Quality of their Essays

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the essay writing processes of three third year Bachelor of Education students. The case studies, which were drawn from a larger research project, indicate that students writing essays of differing levels of conceptual structure approach the essay writing task very differently at every stage of the process, and these differences appear to emerge from how students conceptualise the task—whether the intention is to reproduce an ordered sequence of information on the topic, or to construct an argument and develop a coherent thesis. The results suggest that attempts to improve students’ essay writing abilities need to shift from a focus on discrete skills to an emphasis on the relationship between students’ understanding of the content and their ability to write about it.     

The quality of written peer feedback on undergraduates’ draft answers to an assignment,and the use made of the feedback

The research described here investigated the quality and characteristics of peer feedback given on a draft piece of writing in the context of an undergraduate summative assignment. It also investigated whether the recipients made use of the feedback, with the aim of discovering whether some types of feedback were used in preference to others. The peer feedback was characterised in various ways, and then a comparison with the feedback subsequently given on the polished piece of writing by the tutor was used to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the peer feedback. Although the peers’ feedback had some different characteristics from that of the tutors, it was nevertheless of good quality. The examination of the use the recipients made of the feedback showed that much feedback was ignored. The use recipients made of the feedback depended very little on the characteristics of the feedback received, but did vary strongly across the recipients. The ability level of the recipients was not found to be a factor in this variation. The results of this research suggest that future work needs to focus more on students using feedback than on students giving feedback.     

The Analysis on the Contribution of Yan＇an Rectification to Marxism Chinesization, Modernization and Popularization

延安整风是马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化的典范。延安整风不仅为马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化奠定了思路基础,创造了理论条件,提供了组织保障和制度保证,同时还为新时期的马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化提供了理论指导。     

The Meaning of Words Depends on the Context

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The Way to Wealth and the Way to Leisure: The Impact of College Education on Graduates’ Earnings and Hours of Work

This study extends the analysis of the economic return of college education up to 10 years after college education and further examines the impact of college education on graduates’ hours of work. The results suggest that variation in hours of work explains a portion of earnings differentials among college graduates. Graduates from high-quality private institutions tend to work longer hours than their peers from other types of institutions. Female graduates spend fewer hours working than their male counterparts. As far as family background is concerned, graduates from high-income families tend to work longer hours and first-generation college graduates tend to work fewer hours. Finally, business majors seem to work longer hours while health and public affair majors less hours.

The Comment on the Appeal of The Knight＇s Tales

Geoffrey Chaucer was an English poet, his best known work is The Canterbury Tales. During which, Chaucer described the pilgrimage undertaken by people on horseback to the shrine of Archbishop Beckett at the Canterbury Cathedrale, with each tolling a story to pass the time. "The Knight'sTales" is one among those stories with exciting plot, and is full of turns and twists.     

A Comment on Frank O'Connor's Short Story "The Man of the House

This is moving story of a boy's growing up and of the deep love between Mother and Son     

The effects of task explicitness to communicate on the expressiveness of children’s drawings of different topics

Effects of asking children to communicate through their drawings have been investigated using animate rather than inanimate drawing topics. The present study investigated the impact of a communication context on children’s drawings of topics with contrasting animism. Three hundred and twenty-two children, 156 boys and 166 girls aged 6–11 years were allocated to two conditions. The communication condition (n = 161) involved instructions to communicate emotion and the reference condition (n = 161) gave no instruction to communicate. Children drew either houses or human figures (House, N = 160, Human figures, N = 162), producing freehand drawings of the topic; a baseline version followed by a happy and a sad version in counterbalanced order. Expressive content in the communication condition was greater than in the reference condition and impacted differentially on the strategies used between the houses and human figures drawings. The findings are considered with respect to the cue dependency model and framework theory of art.     

The Philosophy in the Theory of the Popularization of Literature and Art --Rereading Mao Zedong＇s Speech at Forum on Literature and Art in Yanan

1942年毛泽东《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》是文艺大众化理论的典范之作。毛泽东以马克思主义哲学作为立论基础,以“文艺与人民”的关系为逻辑起点,强调社会实践在文艺创造中的意义和价值,抓住文化、文艺的创造性特征,形成了辩证的文艺发展理论。重读《讲话》,对于我们认识和理解当代文艺发展的矛盾和问题,具有重要的理论指导意义和价值。     

An Analysis of the Influences of the Social Background and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s Personality on the Creation of"Ode to the West Wind"

This article chiefly analyzes Shelley’s social background, personality and the relationship between the creation of Shelly’s"Ode to the West Wind"and the social background of Shelley’s age and his personality."Ode to the West Wind"was the representative of all his works and a masterpiece of the romantic poetry. It praised the spirit of the west wind in order to encourage the British people to fight against the old system, which expressed his optimism in eliminating tyranny and eventually achieving a bright future.     

Study on the Translation of "五羊" from the Perspective of Comparative Literature

Through the analysis of the denotations and connotations of Chinese" 羊 "and its various English synonyms- "sheep","goat","ram","ewe"and"lamb",this paper aims to make a comparative study on the translation of Chinese"五羊" from the perspective of comparative literature.     

The Research on the System of Examination and Assessment of Academic Teachers Based on the Cultural Reflections

With some reflections on the management culture of higher educational institutions in China, this paper presents that it is not adequate to make analyses of rules and regulations from the mere perspective of institutional economics to get rid of short-term, which can be accounted for on a deeper level by the absence of management culture in the prevailing assessment system of teachers＇ achievements; while the key to reform the system of assessing teachers＇ work is to rebuild cultural conceptions in the management of higher educational institutions.