取消农业税后农村的新问题及对策

取消农业税，减轻了农民负担，增加了农民收入，但是没有解决制约农业和农村发展的深层次矛盾。城乡居民收入差距扩大、土地使用效率降低、乡村债务、农村公共产品供给、基本医疗保障等一系列问题凸现出来，通过农村综合改革，采取建立农民收入增长的长效机制、完善土地使用制度、梯度规模移民、对绝对贫困地区人口实行地保等措施，促进西部农村社会经济的全面发展。     

吉林省西部土地利用变化及其农业生态安全响应

吉林省西部是吉林省耕地主要集中区和商品粮主产区之一，而该区长时序、高强度的土地开发引起了农业生态安全水平的大幅下降。研究该区土地利用变化及其农业生态安全响应具有现实意义。以吉林省西部1930年～2000年的土地利用数据为基础，以ARCGIS为数据集成分析平台，采用景观生态学方法对该区域进行LUCC及农业生态安全研究，探讨该区的LUCC及农业生态安全的作用机制和响应方式。结果表明：草地和湿地的面积迅速减少，区域景观不断破碎化，景观异质性显著变化。LUCC的驱动力主要是政策鼓励和人口的迅速增长。农业安全响应主要表现为以下几个方面：农业生态环境恶化，农业环境安全程度降低；土地资源特别是耕地资源安全受到威胁；农业生物资源安全受到极大威胁；农业水资源匮乏，水质恶化，环境污染加剧；粮食等农牧业产品安全形势严峻。为各级政府部门的农业管理与决策提供参考。     

大棚草莓西瓜豆角轮作高效栽培技术

大棚轮作草莓西瓜豆角是一种高效栽培模式，能提高单位土地面积的生产率，是发展高效农业、增加农民收入的一条重要途径.     

内蒙古农民收入影响因素的实证分析

以内蒙古为例,以农民收入影响因素作为研究的重点,选取1986年~2015年间影响农民收入的一些重要因素的相关数据,通过建立内蕴线性模型,运用计量经济知识理论,检验了相关重要因素,最后根据实证分析的结果分别从加强土地管理、加大对土地的投入及加强对农业的投资力度方面提出了对策及建议。     

以科学发展观为指导 以企业、协会为龙头 推动怒江无公害草果产业发展的思考

农民收入增长缓慢和增收困难是当前怒江州农业和农村工作中最突出的问题。要认真研究和解决农业和农村发展中深层次问题。结合怒江州实际要切实解决好农民增收困难问题,就必须因地制宜,大力发展特色经济,建立支柱产业。     

浅谈土地制度创新与农民收入的关系

农民收入问题一直是三农问题的重点,农民的收入没有上去,就根本谈不上解决了三农问题。历年来,社会各界人士对农民收入问题都提出了很多的对策:农业产业化经营,减轻农民负担等很多的途径。而从土地制度创新的角度,着重研究土地制度创新对农民收入提高的影响,也具有相当重要的意义。     

农民冲破城乡二元化格局的探讨

农民冲破城乡二元化格局，大规模离开土地外出务工，一方面极大的促进了输入地城市和工业的发展，改善了自己的生活水平，但另一方面却无疑对自己曾经赖以生存的农村和农业带来不利的影响：农民厌耕、弃耕思想严重，大片田地荒芜；农业出现萎缩，深开发后劲不足；新一代农民生活方式转变，农业后继乏人；大量土地被用于非农目的，农民正逐渐失去作为农民的资格等种种问题使农村、农业和农民置身于尴尬境地，农业前景堪忧。     

浅谈农民收入与农业经济结构的调整

推进农业和农村经济结构调整,是我国现阶段保持农民收入持续稳定增长的基本途径。进一步加大对农业和农村经济结构战略性调整的力度,探索农业和农村经济结构调整的新模式,为农村经济发展开拓新的空间,为农民收入增长开辟新的来源,才能建立起适应全面建设小康社会要求的农业经济结构。从我国农业和农村的实际出发,深入分析农业和农村经济结构以及农民收入的现状,提出调整农业和农村经济结构的对策建议。     

促进山东省农民增收的对策思路

<正> 农民收入问题,一直是困绕我国经济与社会发展的重大难题,历来得到我国政府的高度重视。2004年初,中央农村经济工作会议明确提出了要把增加农民收入作为中央及地方工作的中心任务和基本目标的头等大事来抓。山东省是农业大省,人口中有近70％是农民,农业在全省经济中占居基础地位。因此,深入研究农民收入问题事关全局、至关重要。从山东省实际看,提高农民收入应主要从以下几方面入手:     

对楚雄市科学技术支撑新农村建设的思考

在新农村建设中,科技进步和科技创新将发挥重要作用。结合楚雄市的实际,科技工作要支撑农村经济,促进产业结构调整,深入实施农业科技入户工程,增强农民收入;完善农村服务体系和加快农村人才队伍建设等。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.