1999年全国乒乓球锦标赛总决赛述评

对1999年全国乒乓球锦标赛总决赛的各种打法类型作了统计,并对技战术特点进行了分析,提出本次比赛,各队应着眼全国九运会,以锻炼新人为主;各种打法争相斗妍,各显其能;世界冠军难拿全国冠军。建议：1、在训练上应提倡“巧“练,形成独特的技术风格;2、要继续保持和发挥我国的直拍快攻打法优势,必须突出它的技术特长;3、要加强运动员的心理训练,提高临场应变能力;4、教练员应对运动员的思想、作风进行严格的管理。     

第54届世乒赛女单决赛丁宁和朱雨玲技战术比较分析

中国乒乓球女队在各种乒乓球国际大赛中取得骄人的成绩.在第54届世乒赛女单决赛中,丁宁战胜了朱雨玲,通过对比赛的技战术特点进行系统分析与研究,总结丁宁和朱雨玲技战术特点,并给出建议,为女子横拍运动员的培养训练和提高横拍打法的技战术水平提供参考.     

网球运动步法及训练方法浅析

本文对网球运动的步法移动以及各种打法移动的特点进行了简要的分析,并结合实际提供了一些步法训练的方法。     

第52届世乒赛男团比赛张继科和马龙技战术对比分析

横拍打法是男子乒坛的主流打法,在乒乓球发展中起着重要地位。以全台反手为主的张继科和以强大正手为主的马龙是优秀的男子乒乓球横拍打法代表。在第52届世乒赛团体比赛中,张继科输给了同为横拍打法的欧洲选手奥恰洛夫,而马龙战胜了奥恰洛夫。通过对这两场比赛的技战术特点进行系统分析与研究,总结张继科和马龙技战术特点和存在的不足,并给出建议,为横拍运动员的培养训练和提高横拍打法的技战术水平提供参考。     

选择打法与百花齐放

随着羽毛球运动的发展,当今技术打法颇多。实践证明,只要对羽毛球的基本技术掌握得好,各种打法都有可能达到很高水平。当然,各种打法需要具备相应的各种不同的技术和身体条件。羽毛球运动的主要打法有:一,下压为主控制网前;二、拉开突击;三、守中反攻。当一个运动员经过3—5年的正规训练后,具备了初步的水平,就可以开始选择一个比较适合于自己特点的打法。3—5年是给刚刚开始训练的年轻队员从思想方面,技术方面及身体方面一个全面发展成熟的过程。3—5年内运动员最好是以     

曹臻技术解析 横板生胶怎么练？

曹臻进入一队以来,我一直是她的主管教练,训练曹臻的过程并不顺利,对我来说也是个挑战。曹臻的打法是比较特殊的,目前女队大多数队员都是两面弧圈球打法,而她是正手反胶、反手生胶的打法。我们国家可以说对颗粒胶皮的打法颇有研究,从前有许多世界冠军都是正胶打法的运动员,但随着乒乓球技术的发展,弧圈球的盛行,比赛规则的改变,颗粒胶皮打法的运动员在技术创新上面临很多困难。接手曹臻后,我对她的技术风格和技术特点做了仔细的分析,如何才能让曹臻更快地进步,这对我们两个人都是巨大的考验。     

特殊情况的打法

我们总是要求自己对任何情况都要有所准备。然而从不要求队员在比赛中做没有训练过的打法,这是首要的。我们总是尽可能计划在先,从而能够在比赛中对付可能出现的任何特殊情况。我在本文将介绍比赛中与进攻有关的特殊情况的打法。我要谈的第一个是跳球打法。研究跳球打法对我们帮助很大,在一般情况下,小个子队员跳球获得球的可能性总是不大的。因此必须想些办法才能获得球。我们利用每次训练的最后15分钟,进行特殊情况下的打法训练。在每场比赛开始时我总是安排队内最好的队员来跳球,如图1所示。我们的基本原则是:在跳球时一定要做到后面有人,并做好防守准备,安排一     

浅谈4-4-2阵型的边路进攻打法

文章通过自己多年的比赛经验、带队比赛的实践及对数场高水平比赛的分析认为：随着4—4—2阵型不断的发展和完善，现代4—4—2阵型的边路进攻打法逐步向立体化、多元化方向发展，边路进攻在4—4—2阵型进攻打法中所占的比重越来越大。文章分析了几种典型的边路进攻打法，以及在实战中的运用，并通过分析达到对从事足球训练工作的教练员有所帮助的目的。     

直拍两面攻(反手反面攻)打法的探讨

对直拍两面攻(反手反面攻)打法从击球发挥手臂功能的适应水平、战术等方面进行可行性分析,认为这种打法优于正面攻,是可行的。训练了1名直拍两面攻(反手反面攻)打法的运动员,并取得了好成绩。简述了这种打法的动作方法、教学方法、训练注意事项等。     

俄罗斯世界杯8强球队防守反击战术研究

俄罗斯世界杯上,最终获得冠军的法国队是防守反击打法的典型代表。作为当今世界足坛水平最高的赛事,每一届世界杯都有不同的技战术打法赢得最终的冠军。俄罗斯世界杯的主流战术为防守反击战术。该文运用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法对世界杯8强球队参加的38场比赛进行战术分析,总结世界杯8强球队在比赛中运用防守反击战术特征,旨在为我国足球训练及发展提供理论参考。     

地榆粉栓塞子宫动脉治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效

目的探讨子宫动脉中药地榆粉栓塞对子宫肌瘤的治疗效果。方法对32例子宫肌瘤患者行超选择性子宫动脉造影和栓塞治疗,并进行术后随访。其中随访3个月者4例,6个月者11例,24个月者17例。同时观察子宫肌瘤的血供情况,栓塞治疗疗效以及对患者生理、生育情况和肌瘤复发率的影响。结果子宫动脉造影显示子宫肌瘤以一侧动脉供血者75%,两侧动脉同时供血者21.88%,卵巢动脉参与供血者为3.12%。随访患者中,治愈者12.5%,显效者65.62%,有效者18.75%,无效者3.13%。有3例患者自然受孕或避孕失败而受孕。随访6~12个月,未见术后再发生肌瘤。结论地榆粉子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤较其它疗法更加安全、可靠,是一种行之有效的方法,特别是对粘膜下肌瘤的治疗,基本可达到治愈效果。     

针灸治疗网球肘126例临床观察

观察针灸治疗网球肘的疗效；应用齐刺温针灸治疗74例和单一使用针刺治疗52例相比较，前者总有效率为75．7％、治愈率为98．7％，后者25％和78．8％，经统计处理（P＜0．01）。提示齐刺温针治疗该病的临床疗效优于单一的针刺疗法。     

针灸治疗慢性踝关节扭伤145例疗效观察

145例患随机分成傍刺温针灸组83例和单一针刺组62例，治疗2个疗程，观察比较2组的疗效。结果显示：傍刺温针灸组的总有效率为98.8％，治愈率80．72％，单一针刺组为88．7％，51．61％，经统计检验，差异显或极显(P＜0．05，P＜0．01)。傍刺温针灸治疗该病的临床疗效优于单一针刺疗法。     

太极柔力球运动治疗老年性痴呆的实验研究

目的：探讨太极柔力球运动治疗老年性痴呆的效果。方法：将40名老年痴呆患者随机分为实验组20人和对照组20人,其中,实验组在专业人员的带领下进行8个月的太极柔力球运动;对照组进行慢跑。8个月后,对两组患者的认知能力和日常生活能力进行对比研究。结果：实验组患者认知能力和日常生活能力均有所改善,实验后简易智能精神状态量表（MMSE）和日常生活能力量表（ADL）评分与实验前相比有非常显著性差异（P＜0.01）;对照组简易智能精神状态量表（MMSE）和日常生活能力量表（ADL）评分没有显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论：太极柔力球运动对治疗老年性痴呆有很好的效果,是一项符合老年人的运动,老年人应积极参加该项体育运动。     

手法复位加针灸理疗对运动中膝关节骨错缝23例疗效观察

观察手法复位加针灸理疗对运动中膝关节骨错缝的临床疗效。43例患者随机分为两组,治疗组(23例)采用手法复位加针灸理疗治疗;对照组(20例)采用中医常规疗法;4次为一疗程,疗程内治愈不重复治疗。得出结论,手法复位加针灸理疗对运动中膝关节骨错缝有显著性疗效,值得推广运用。     

Incidence and risk for traumatic and overuse injuries in top-level road cyclists

All traumatic and overuse injuries occurring during an average period of 4 years (2002/09) in a group of 51 currently active road top-level cyclists were retrospectively registered through clinical interviews. Average age was 25.8 years. Average training and competition period was 28.3 ± 2.4 h a week. Only 8 cyclists (15.6%) were completely free from lesions during the period of study. The remaining 43 cyclists suffered a total of 112 lesions; however, 9 out of these were unrelated to their cycling practice. These 103 cycling-related injuries include 50 (48.5%) traumatic and 53 (51.5%) overuse injuries. Twenty-eight fractures were reported, the clavicle being the most frequently affected bone (11 cases). The 68.5% of overuse injuries were located in the lower limbs. Most overuse injuries (89.6%) occurred during the training period. According to the injury abbreviated scale (AIS), severe lesions were only found in 4 cases (8% of traumatic injuries). Overall injury rates were 0.50 per racer/year, 2.02 per studied racer, and 0.007 per 1000 km of training and competition. Active professional top-level cyclists are exposed to a high injury risk. According to the scarce previously published data the current study provides relevant information on the injury occurrence of still active top-level road cycling.     

跳水运动员颈椎损伤的X线特征及其防治

112例跳水运动员颈椎X线结果显示,正常者仅21例(18.8％),异常者91例(81.2％),其中诊断为颈椎病者 27例(22.9％)。主要病变为环枢椎损伤,椎体及附件退行性变,与成年人 X线不同的是椎间隙虽狭窄,但无椎间盘变性,椎体变形而无骨赘形成等,认为这是青少年骨骼发育成长与损伤相互制约的结果,是运动性应力性损伤的特征,与该项目动作特点密切相关。     

Identification of Accelerometer Nonwear Time and Sedentary Behavior

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the swimming endurance trainability of smokers as compared to nonsmokers. Nonsmokers (N = 47) and smokers (N = 34) of college age were selected from intermediate swimming classes and timed while swimming distances of 100 yd. and 200 yd. prior to participation in an 8-week training program. After 4 weeks of training, swimming times were again recorded for these same distances. At the end of eight weeks, swimming times were taken for distances of 100, 200, and 400 yards. The mean changes of both smokers and nonsmokers during the pretraining to 4-week period, the 4-week to 8-week period, and the pretraining to 8-week period were all significant at the .05 level. However, no significant differences were found between the mean swimming times of smokers and nonsmokers for any of the pretraining, 4-week, or 8-week distances.     

运动员前交叉韧带损伤的流行病学研究

１９９１年８月￣１９９３年９月对国家,省,市级等４７个人共６８１０名运动员进行了运动创伤流行病学调查,其中ＡＣＬ损伤３２例,癖发病率为０．４７％,损伤病因中技术失误伤首位,为５９．４％,上外与损伤（１５．６％）,场地（３．１％）等因素有关,全部病例均有不同程度的膝关节症状。尽管有３１％的人可参加正常训练,但５３．６％的同受到不同程度的影响,有些不得以停训或手术治疗。本文对ＡＣＬ损伤的致伤因素,诊断     

Differences in strength and speed demands between 4v4 and 8v8 small-sided football games

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were (i) to characterise the acceleration demands of two different formats of small-sided game (SSG), i.e., 4v4 + goalkeepers (4v4 + GK) and 8v8 + goalkeepers (8v8 + GK); (ii) to analyse the correlation between performance in power-based tests and acceleration-based physical loading during the two different SSG formats and (iii) to analyse the neuromuscular-induced fatigue. Eighteen adult male footballers participated in the study (20.7 ± 1.0 years, 178 ± 5 cm and 71.4 ± 2.1 kg). Baseline measurements were obtained from countermovement jumps, 15 s repeated jumps and 5 and 15 m sprints. A total of 36 min was analysed for each SSG (4v4 + GK: two sets of 3 × 6 min, and 8v8 + GK: 2 × 18 min). Heart rate, blood lactate, perceived exertion and movement pattern (GPS) were analysed. Distances covered by very-high-intensity activities and very-high-speed running were lower in 4v4 + GK than in 8v8 + GK (effect sizes (ES) = ?0.69 ± 0.67 and ?1.04 ± 0.67, respectively; very likely), while accelerations and decelerations were higher in 4v4 + GK than in 8v8 + GK (ES = 1.13–1.52; almost certainly). Blood lactate concentrations were higher (ES = 1.40 ± 0.58; almost certainly) and players perceived themselves to be more tired (ES = 0.80–2.31; almost certainly) after 4v4 + GK than after 8v8 + GK. Sprint ability in 5 and 15 m tests decreased (ES = 0.87 ± 0.58 and 0.89 ± 0.58, respectively; almost certainly) only after 4v4 + GK. This SSG format appeared more demanding in relation to repetitions and fatigue development of muscle power-based actions than 8v8 + GK. It may therefore be logical to use the former type of SSG to target development of power-related football actions.