基因表达与杂种优势遗传机理

回顾了杂种优势遗传机理研究随着技术进步所经历的三个重要阶段。对典遗传解释（显性假说和超显性假说）和分子标记杂合性与杂种优势的关系（全基因组遗传差和QTL杂合度与杂种优势）进行了评述，详细介绍了近来基因表达与杂种优势热研究方面的工作，特别是基因差异表达类型，调控基因的表达以及DNA甲基化状态与杂种优势的关系。     

基因表达与杂种优势遗传机理

回顾了杂种优势遗传机理研究随着技术进步所经历的三个重要阶段.对经典遗传解释(显性假说和超显性假说)和分子标记杂合性与杂种优势的关系(全基因组遗传差异和QTL杂合度与杂种优势)进行了评述,详细介绍了近年来基因表达与杂种优势研究方面的工作,特别是基因差异表达类型、调控基因的表达以及DNA甲基化状态与杂种优势的关系.     

棉花杂种优势利用的研究进展

综述了杂交棉产量的增加,除单株铃数外,铃重增加和衣分也是重要因素。目前棉花杂种优势的利用途径主要有人工去雄授粉、化学杀雄、雄性不育系的利用和棉花指示性状的利用等。解释棉花杂种优势的遗传机理的假说主要有显性假说、超显性假说、染色体组-胞质基因互作假说、上位性效应假说和基因网络假说。显性假说、超显性假说和上位性效应假说占主导地位,学者们倾向于认为,杂种优势的产生是显性效应、超显性效应和上位性效应共同作用的结果。     

mRNA差异显示技术在植物学中的应用

介绍了mRNA差异显示技术的基本原理、优点、发展及其在植物遗传育中的运用.从杂种优势、雄性不育、抗性研究、发育基因的克隆和分离等几个方面综合阐述了目前这种技术在植物遗传育种当中的应用.随着这项技术的不断研究和更新,它在作物分子遗传育种中将发挥更大的作用.     

通过同源三倍体固定水稻杂种优势的新设想

文章提出了通过利用无融合生殖基因和培育同源三倍体来固定水稻杂种优势的新设想，指出了这一新设想的两大优点和急待解决的４大问题。笔者认为，通过常规育种手段将无融合生殖基因引入同源三倍体遗传组成中将可望消除其有性胚，而通过无性胚的产生来保持其遗传组成的相对稳定，进而可以达到固定水稻杂种优势的目的。     

水稻籼粳广亲和性基困的研究进展

本文从四个方面综述了有关水稻籼粳广亲和性基因的研究现状。水稻籼粳广亲和性基因的遗传行为简单、是育种上一种重要的遗传工具。通过育种上的转育可将这一基因从原始籼粳广亲和性材料中转育到农艺性状优良的品种中,这对于水稻籼粳亚种间杂种优势的利用,特别是对于通过培育籼粳亚种间杂交水稻来利用更高程度的杂种优势将具有重大的意义。     

杂交水稻的繁育机理

杂种优势是生物界普遍存在的现象。利用两个遗传特性不同的品种或类型作亲本进行杂交,所产生的杂种第一代,往往比双亲具有较强的生长势、抗逆性、适应性和生产力,这种超过双亲的现象即称为杂种优势。     

我国水稻杂种劣势遗传机理研究获进展

据科学网2014年3月援引报道,中科院上海生科院植物生理生态所研究员、林鸿宣院士研究组与姜里文、韩斌研究组合作,在水稻杂种劣势遗传调控机理研究中获重要进展,他们证明了两个遗传座位上的三个基因共同控制水稻种间杂种劣势的发生,为阐明水稻种间生殖隔离的分子遗传机理研究提供了新线索。相关研究在《自然·通讯》上发表。     

DNA标记在动物杂种优势研究中的应用

传统的杂种优势预测方法和杂种优势理论的落后限制了杂种优势的进一步利用。分子标记的出现,为杂种优势的预测和理论发展开辟了新天地。本文论述了分子标记的种类、影响分子标记预测杂种优势的因素以及在动物杂种优势上的应用。     

光温敏核不育水稻的研究进展

水稻光温敏核不育系是两系杂交水稻研究的基础,它的研究对水稻杂种优势的利用与揭示水稻发育过程中形态建成的光温调控机理都具有重要的意义。从水稻光温敏不育系的类型及其育性转换,以及近年来研究者对其调控机理和不育基因定位等方面研究现状进行了综述,并对目前研究中存在的问题和发展前景进行了分析和讨论,以期有助于育种工作者了解水稻光温敏核不育系研究的发展历程和最新研究动态。     

Management as ideology: the case of ‘new managerialism’ in higher education

The paper explores ideological conceptions of management, especially ‘new managerialism’, with particular reference to their role in the reform of higher education. It is suggested that attempts to reform public services in general are political as well as technical, though there is no single unitary ideology of ‘new managerialism’. Whilst some argue that managers have become a class and have particular interests, this may not be so for all public services. The arguments presented are illustrated by data taken from a recent research project on the management of UK higher education. It is suggested that managers in public service organisations such as universities do not constitute a class. However, as in the case of manager‐academics, managing a contemporary public service such as higher education may involve taking on the ideologies and values of ‘new managerialism’, and for some, embracing these. So management ideologies do seem to serve the interests of manager‐academics and help cement relations of power and dominance, even in contexts like universities which were not traditionally associated with the dominance of management.     

基于SNS的专业技术人员继续教育发展模式初探

SNS与专业技术人员继续教育结合发展优势明显,值得推广和深入研究。尽管这种新型专业技术人员继续教育发展模式具有多样性,但初期发展模式可概括为政府或教育管理部门主导型、行业协会或教育机构主导型和企事业或个体主导型发展模式。基于上述模式,对专业技术人员继续教育提出了发展建议。     

杂种优势的本质初探

从客观实际出发,阐述了杂种优势的四个基本特点,并对其本质进行了论述,提出了新的观点。     

思想政治理论课主导性与主体性相统一的反思与探索

坚持主导性与主体性相统一是推进新时代思政课改革创新的关键所在。但在思政课教学过程中,依然存在着教师自身发展受限导致主导性不强,学生缺乏动力导致主体性不足;片面强调主导性走向教师中心,片面强调主体性走向主体泛化等现象,因而导致主导性与主体性相脱节的现实问题。对此,要把握好“两力”作用、处理好“两要”关系、构建“双向”模式,推动师与生的教学相长,教与学的有机统一,从而加强新时代思政课的思想性、理论性和针对性。     

Perceptions and functions of play and real fighting in early adolescence

The hypothesis is tested that adolescent boys' (mean age of 12.8 years) intrasexual rough-and-tumble play (R&T) is used for dominance and intersexual R&T is used to establish heterosexual relationships. In Study 1, boys' observed R&T was related to both dominance and aggression. In the first half of the school year, R&T occurred primarily between males, possibly to establish dominance. In the second half of the year, both boys and girls engaged in R&T, possibly to establish heterosexual relationships. Counter to the hypothesis, observed aggression increased across the year. In Study 2, youngsters viewed taped R&T bouts in which they were participants or nonparticipants. Participant, more than nonparticipant, males saw R&T as related to dominance whereas participant, more than nonparticipant, females saw it as playful.     

Assessment in South African Schools

This article reviews assessment policy and practice in South African schools in recent years. A historical perspective is used to throw some light on current policy and practice. The key argument offered in the article is that vestiges of the old have strong mediating powers in defining what ultimately counts as 'transformed' assessment practice in the new dispensation. The dominance of a high stakes summative discourse is argued to have slowed down, if not threatened, progress towards the country's policy vision of more broadly-based and progressive assessment arrangements.     

Rule Generation Based on Dominance Matrices and Functions

Rough set theory has proved to be a useful tool for rule induction. But, the theory based on indiscemibility relation or similarity relation cannot induce rules from decision tables with criteria. Greco et al have proposed a new rough set approach based on dominance relation to handle the problems. In this paper, the concept of dominance matrix is put forward and the dominance function is constructed to compute the minimal decision rules that are more general and applicable than the ones induced by the classical rough set theory. In addition,the methodology of simplification is presented to eliminate the redundancy in the rule set.     

烤烟杂种一代不同生育时期株高和叶数的优势

通过对杂种一代在大田中生长情况的分析表明 ,其株高生长优势的表现具阶段性 ,叶片数的生长优势具有时间上的稳定性 ,对株高和叶数优势强度的选择到旺长后期才能有效