Bakelite,a condensation product of phenols and formaldehyde,and its uses

Bakelite is a liquid compound of phenol and formaldehyde which on solidification resembles amber in appearance and when used in combination with wood, paper, asbestos, graphite and other substances produces a solid non-resistant, non-inflammable insulating material which promises to have many applications in various industries.     

Uniquely identifying topological order based on boundary-bulk duality and anyon condensation

Topological order is a new quantum phase that is beyond Landau’ s symmetry-bre aking paradigm.Its defining features include robust degenerate ground states,long-range entanglement and anyons.It was known that R and F matrices,which characterize the fusion-braiding properties of anyons,can be used to uniquely identify topological order.In this article,we explore an essential question:how can the R and F matrices be experimentally measured?We show that the braidings,i.e.the R matrices,can be compl...