风险规避下师徒间隐性知识共享激励机制

针对师徒隐性知识共享激励机制设计问题,建立多任务委托代理模型,分析师徒风险规避度对组织收益、激励系数以及师徒努力程度的影响。研究表明,组织制定对师徒最优激励系数仅与其各自风险规避度负相关,而组织收益与师徒双方风险规避度均为负相关。进一步比较师傅完成自身工作和共享工作的努力程度表明,当师徒产出系数比大于上阀值时,师傅会更加关注自身工作,当产出系数比小于下阀值时,师傅会更加关注对徒弟的知识共享帮助,而当产出系数比位于上下阀值之间时,具备较低风险规避度的师傅才会更加努力帮助徒弟完成共享工作。     

世界创新型城市建设模式比较:三个案例及其对上海的启示

首先介绍巴塞罗那、赫尔辛基和东京三个典型创新型城市建设模式,然后以创新资源、创新主体、创新文化、创新制度四个层面,对政府主导型、市场主导型和混合主导型三种创新型城市建设模式的各个方面进行梳理和比较,总结了不同模式下建设创新型城市的经验。在此基础上,提出混合主导型创新型城市建设对上海的启发。创新制度上完善创新机制、激发创新活力;创新资源上加强对外合作交流、培养引进各类人才;创新文化上倡导创新观念、营造创新氛围;创新主体上政府干预适度、鼓励企业自主创新。     

动画在《机械设计基础》课程教学中的应用研究

<机械设计基础>是针对非机械类学生开设的一门课程.根据教学对象对机械现象的感性不丰富,理论欠缺等特点.在教学过程中尽可能采用各种动画软件和技术,将书本上难以理解的内容制作成多种直观形象的动画,帮助和加深学生对教学内容的理解.同时将丰富的示例也作成各种形式的动画,帮助学生加深对机械现象的认识.教学收到良好放果.     

Smooth as Silk:Transcriptomic Study of Silkworms Hints at the Genetic Basis of Silk Production

<正>Silkworms are both a staple of the textile industry and symbols of longstanding historical,economic and cultural significance in China,where the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori(B.mori)was domesticated nearly 5,000 years ago.Today,China remains the world's largest producer and exporter of B.mori cocoons and raw silk,which are primarily used in textile manufacturing.However,breakthroughs in genomics,manufacturing,and material sciences have suggested that silk holds some astounding     

A microfluidic device for simultaneous electrical and mechanical measurements on single cells

This paper presents a microfluidic device for simultaneous mechanical and electrical characterization of single cells. The device performs two types of cellular characterization (impedance spectroscopy and micropipette aspiration) on a single chip to enable cell electrical and mechanical characterization. To investigate the performance of the device design, electrical and mechanical properties of MC-3T3 osteoblast cells were measured. Based on electrical models, membrane capacitance of MC-3T3 cells was determined to be 3.39±1.23 and 2.99±0.82 pF at the aspiration pressure of 50 and 100 Pa, respectively. Cytoplasm resistance values were 110.1±37.7 kΩ (50 Pa) and 145.2±44.3 kΩ (100 Pa). Aspiration length of cells was found to be 0.813±0.351 μm at 50 Pa and 1.771±0.623 μm at 100 Pa. Quantified Young's modulus values were 377±189 Pa at 50 Pa and 344±156 Pa at 100 Pa. Experimental results demonstrate the device's capability for characterizing both electrical and mechanical properties of single cells.     

Adaptive robust approximate constraint-following control for mechanical systems

We formulate control problems of mechanical systems as constraint following. The system contains uncertainty which is (possibly fast) time-varying. It is unknown but bounded. The bound is, however, unknown. The objective is to design control which renders approximate constraint following. Adaptive laws are constructed. The controls are then based on the adaptive parameters. We are able to demonstrate guaranteed system performance, regardless of the uncertainty.     

A mechanical method for graphical solution of polynomials

A mechanical synthesizer with thirty harmonic elements (fifteen sine components and fifteen cosine components) may be used to graph a polynomial in a complex plane. The sum of the sine components is recorded by a tracing point which moves vertically. The sum of the cosine components is recorded by horizontal motion of a drawing board.     

机械传动装置设计方法研究

机械传动装置设计是机电一体化产品设计开发的一个关键部分。基于这一论点,阐述机械传动装置设计的基本要求、设计思路和注意的问题,并对具体的设计步骤做了详细分析,为提高初学者的设计能力和效率提供帮助。     

Microfluidic cell fragmentation for mechanical phenotyping of cancer cells

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shed from the primary tumor undergo significant fragmentation in the microvasculature, and very few escape to instigate metastases. Inspired by this in vivo behavior of CTCs, we report a microfluidic method to phenotype cancer cells based on their ability to arrest and fragment at a micropillar-based bifurcation. We find that in addition to cancer cell size, mechanical properties determine fragmentability. We observe that highly metastatic prostate cancer cells are more resistant to fragmentation than weakly metastatic cells, providing the first indication that metastatic CTCs can escape rupture and potentially initiate secondary tumors. Our method may thus be useful in identifying phenotypes that succumb to or escape mechanical trauma in microcirculation.     

机电专业卓越人才培养模式探讨

基于机电专业卓越工程师培养现状,教研组提出"学—思—做"教学理念,并实施到具体的教学活动中。通过降低理论讲解课时、增加思维训练环节、充实实做项目,提高学生的设计、实做能力。