Information support of economic research based on electronic information resources

The problems of increasing the efficiency of information support of scientific research in economics are considered. The informational structure and content of the Economics and Demography database functioning at the RAS Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences (INION) are described. The necessity of providing information completeness of retrieval by accessing external electronic resources (domestic and foreign ones) is noted.     

Internet coverage of the VINITI RAS

The web coverage of the research activities of the VINITI RAS is considered. The practicability of using various information retrieval systems for obtaining information relevant to the Institute’s functioning and results is analyzed.     

Title of the databases of legal information for use in social and humanitarian sciences

This article considers the legal information resources accessible over the Internet, as well as databases stored on optical media providing searchable legal information with various intended purposes. Features of the informational environment are described, as are the functions and thematic structure of the RAS ISISS databases, which are oriented towards providing informational support for scientific research in the fields of law and government. The general principles underlying the search and processing of legal information using the system’s linguistic methods are presented.     

The formation of information and analytical systems as a part of the common information space of the innovative sphere

The problem of the necessity of creating an effective means of access to information resources and their management in the innovative sphere under conditions of the formation of a common information space is described. The model of an information and analytical system at the regional level is suggested as a solution and the methodological approaches and requirements for setting up such a system are defined. The architecture and logic of functioning of the regional information and analytical system of innovative sphere is reviewed.     

The Information Infrastructure for Collective Scientific Work in the Far East of Russia

The results of the work conducted by the institutes of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS) to develop the IT infrastructure for solving general and specialized tasks for the benefit of scientists in the Far East of Russia are described. Approaches to resource management and regulations for their funding in the current legal functioning model of scientific organizations are presented.     

The Presentation of Chemical Information in Abstract Databases

We discussed several issues related to the systematization of scientific publications in the field of chemistry and chemical technology that are contained in abstract databases such as the Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and the VINITI RAS Chemistry Database. Next we noted a rapid growth of interdisciplinary publications authored by chemists. We discussed the problems of information support in view of the intensifying interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary nature of research. Then we presented the results of an information search performed across several abstract databases for the main subject areas. In the end, we discussed an increase in the number of scientific publications in the field of chemistry and chemical technology, which has accelerated in recent years in comparison to other fields of science.     

SDI and DSM: Current state and development prospects

In order to study the changes in the forms and methods for information support of scientific research over the last 15 years, the authors performed quantitative and factual analysis of SDI-and DSM-related document flows represented in the VINITI RJ “Informatics,” as well as national and foreign web environment and the information published on the websites of RAS libraries. The study revealed that SDI-and DSM-based information support show signs of decline rather than development. Evidently, this can be attributed to economic and technological reasons. SDI services abroad are developing dynamically on the basis of new technologies and resources. In many countries, a number of libraries, publishing houses, and information centers make wide use of SDI based on web information filtering systems. The authors raise the problem of SDI application to the information support of national scientific research on a new resource and technological basis.     

基于语料库的双语词典编纂软件设计与实现

CONULEXID是一个基于语料库的双语词典编纂软件系统,其目的是为词典编纂提供新鲜的语料,并且实现词典信息自动查找、自动派生词典、自动修订、自动排版等。介绍了该系统的数据来源、功能模块、系统设计以及SGML文档组织技术等相关实现技术。该系统是语料库语言学在双语词典编纂领域的一个应用实例。     

MatrixSim: A new method for detecting the evolution paths of research topics

In this study, MatrixSim, a new method for detecting the evolution paths of research topics based on matrix similarity, was proposed. In the analysis of research topic evolution with the help of co-word networks, in contrast to traditional methods of topic evolution path detection, such as cosine similarity and edge similarity, MatrixSim is based on the local community structure of topic communities in co-word networks and considers the similarity of research topics in both nodes and edges, that is, words and inter-word relations. Using the library and information science field as an example, two sets of experiments were designed for topic similarity detection and subject-specific research topic evolution analysis to evaluate and verify the performance of MatrixSim in detecting the evolution paths of research topics and its validity and feasibility in research topic evolution analysis. The results confirm that MatrixSim performs well in detecting the evolution paths of research topics. It can correlate important research topics, help describe the research development process in scientific fields, reveal the internal evolutionary features of research topics, and thus discover and track the research frontiers in scientific fields. This study provides significant methodological support for researchers conducting prospective research activities.     

Thesauri of the INION RAS on Social Sciences and Humanities (from Work Experience)

This paper describes the experience of scientific and practical work on the maintenance (updating) of the thesauri of the AISON RAS: the methods for controlling and updating the terminological composition of thesauri are presented as a means of expanding the navigation capabilities in the conceptual space of bibliographic fund documents.     

The competitiveness of scientific research and measures to increase it

In this paper, the consideration of the problem of the competitiveness of scientific research as an independent scientific line in the context of the science of science, whose main methodological instruments could be the adapted economic concepts of competitiveness and clusters, as well as mathematical models of competitive interactions (including models described in the terms and equations of population dynamics) and the methods of scientometric analysis, is proposed. It is shown that solution of the problem of increasing the competitiveness of post-Soviet scientific research falls within the domains of information communication. In addition, the role of the international movement for public access to scientific knowledge in increasing the competitiveness of scientific research is considered.     

高校图书馆区域文献信息资源保障体系建设研究——以黑龙江省高校图书馆为例

本文在全面论述国内外文献资源共建、共享体系研究与实践的基础上,以黑龙江省高校图书馆现状为例,提出建立区域性文献信息资源保障体系是顺应历史潮流,促进各地区教育、科技和经济全面发展的重要保障.     

论网络环境下科研院所图书馆知识服务的保障

“知识服务”是未来科研院所专业图书馆信息服务工作的核心。以技工业西南物理研究院科技信息研究室为例。从文献资源建设、构建知识服务网络平台、网络文献信息实时发现与共享、定题跟踪专题服务、人才建设等方面论述了网络环境下科研院所专业图书馆开展知识服务的保障问题。     

Robotics: Scientific Information Sources in Russia and Abroad

Currently important Russian and foreign sources of scientific and technical information related to robotics are discussed. An attempt is made to analyze scientific and technical periodicals of the relevant subject matter, selected from the global knowledgebase of periodicals, that is, Ulrich’s Directory of Periodicals. Leading scientific serials attributed to robotics that have the best bibliometric indicators according to the global information and analytical systems Scopus and Web of Science are identified. The specific features of the classification of the subject matter in various classification systems and rubricators for scientific and technical information are considered. Special attention is given to Russian scientific periodicals on robotics included in Russian scientific electronic library (eLibrary.ru) and information resources of All-Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information of Russian Academy of Sciences (VINITI RAS). Particular focus is placed on the problem of access to these and other kinds of information sources on robotics, which is of great importance for researchers and specialists working in this field.     

高校图书馆开展学科竞争力分析的流程与方法——以《北京大学学科竞争力分析报告》为例

[目的/意义]学科竞争力是高校竞争力的核心体现,高校的发展态势、竞争优势、声誉形象,根本体现来源于学科的发展水平。摸清学科现状、明确方向、找出差距、制定对策,是学校管理层考虑的重要问题。图书馆作为文献信息服务中心,可以基于丰富的信息资源和情报分析人才为决策者提供学科竞争力方面的决策支持服务。[方法/过程]科学合理的学科竞争力分析指标体系和研究方法能够为科学决策打下良好基石。学科竞争力分析体系包括构建总体框架、筛选指标体系、明确对标院校,并注重数据来源的可获得性和分析方法的丰富性。以北京大学图书馆完成的学科竞争力分析报告为例进行全方位阐释。[结果/结论]基于用户需求调研,采取全面客观的指标体系,对多模态的来源数据进行深度处理和规范化操作,并通过多种分析数据库、数据分析软件、可视化分析工具等对数据进行多维度分析,形成一套科学有效的高校学科竞争力分析流程和方法,操作性强,可以为校领导、科研团队、师生及学校相关机构提供深度的学科情报咨询决策服务,也可为更多高校图书馆开展此类服务提供借鉴。     

Report of the UNESCO “Training the Trainers in Information Literacy” (“TTT”) Workshop Ankara,Turkey, September 3–5, 2008

The purpose of this article is to explore the use of mixed methods research (MMR) in articles published in library and information science (LIS) journals in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2004 to 2008. A mixed methods research framework provided in the methodological literature is used to determine how this method was practiced within the LIS scientific community in SSA. Six hundred and eighty five articles published in nine peer-reviewed LIS journals in SAA were reviewed, finding the dominant research methods in these journals to be survey designs and historical research. The use of MMR was limited: 48 out of 685 articles used the mixed methods approaches that were identified in the methodological literature. A paradigm shift and a change of mindset are recommended for LIS researchers in SSA so that they may exploit the advantages offered by mixed methods research in conducting their studies.     

Mapping mixed methods research in library and information science journals in Sub-Saharan Africa 2004–2008

The purpose of this article is to explore the use of mixed methods research (MMR) in articles published in library and information science (LIS) journals in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2004 to 2008. A mixed methods research framework provided in the methodological literature is used to determine how this method was practiced within the LIS scientific community in SSA. Six hundred and eighty five articles published in nine peer-reviewed LIS journals in SAA were reviewed, finding the dominant research methods in these journals to be survey designs and historical research. The use of MMR was limited: 48 out of 685 articles used the mixed methods approaches that were identified in the methodological literature. A paradigm shift and a change of mindset are recommended for LIS researchers in SSA so that they may exploit the advantages offered by mixed methods research in conducting their studies.     

CiteSpaceⅡ:科学文献中新趋势与新动态的识别与可视化

本文介绍了在科学文献中识别并显示科学发展新趋势和新动态的一种通用方法的最新研究进展.这项研究在理论和方法上极大地促进了知识领域可视化研究.研究领域(specialty)的概念和可视化基于信息科学中的两个概念--"研究前沿"和"知识基础"间的时变对偶(time-variant duality).研究前沿(research front)被定义为一组突现的动态概念和潜在的研究问题.研究前沿的知识基础(intellecture base)是它在科学文献中(即由引用研究前沿术语的科学文献所形成的演化网络)的引文和共引轨迹.Kleinberg设计的跳跃检测算法(burst detection algorithm)适用于辨认新兴研究前沿专业术语概念[1].Freeman提出的中间中心性测度可以用来使表示潜在范式变化的关键点凸显出来[2].我们设计并实现了两个互补的视图:聚类视图(cluster views)和时区视图(time-zone views).这种方法的贡献在于:①通过对研究前沿术语的算法运算,在动态中认识知识基础的本质;②用研究前沿专业术语概念明确标出共引聚类的确切含义;③直观地和靠算法识别的关键点的一致性大大简化了可视化的复杂性.CiteSpace Ⅱ应用Java程序实现了大规模生物集群灭绝(mass extinction)(1981～2004年)和恐怖主义(terrorism)(1990～2003年)两个研究领域的建模和可视化过程.可视化网络中的突出的趋势和关键点的作用经各自领域专家直接验证,这些专家本身就是关键点文章的的作者.本文讨论了这项研究的实际意义,并明确了今后研究工作中存在的一系列挑战和机会.     

高校科研管理部门与图书馆协同开展科研信息服务

通过对新时期科研信息的特征、研究人员的科研信息获取方式,以及科研信息服务存在的问题及原因分析,探讨协同开展服务的必要性和迫切性,并分别从科研管理部门、图书馆与研究人员三者的关系以及科研过程的信息需求两个角度分析了协同开展服务的思路及可行性,最后提出了高校科研管理部门与图书馆协同开展科研信息服务的具体措施。     

聚焦支持高校教学与科研——清华大学图书馆资源建设实践与思考

[目的/意义]对高校图书馆资源建设面临的问题与挑战进行总结,重点探讨图书馆资源建设支持高校教学科研的方法,探索未来图书馆资源建设的重点方向和发展策略.[方法/过程]以清华大学图书馆资源建设为例,梳理其支持高校教学科研的实践与成效,对"十四五"期间高校图书馆资源建设发展提出建议.[结果/结论]支持学校教学与科研、满足师生...