The Relationship Between Trait Affect and Job Attitudes in Library Employees

This research explores the relationship between employees’ disposition and several important job attitudes. Dispositional affect is a personality trait that describes people's emotional responses to situations. This study explored how affective disposition influences the job attitudes of work engagement, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. Data were collected from a sample of librarians, and the results show that affective disposition strongly predicted the three job attitudes in the expected directions. The findings contribute to knowledge of the role of personality in the workplace and provide guidance for library managers on how best to facilitate positive job attitudes.     

Health Insurance Literacy and Roles for Reference Librarian Involvement

The role of librarians in addressing health insurance information needs emerged following a request from President Barack Obama for librarians to assist the public with navigating the Affordable Care Act and the Health Insurance Marketplace. The goal of this article is to highlight a number of concrete ways reference work could be expanded, especially in public library settings, to support health insurance literacy concerns by offering illustrative examples and recommendations for authoritative health insurance information resources. Overall, this article contributes to the existing literature by offering practical recommendations that may be relevant to reference librarians supporting the health insurance information needs of their communities.     

对贯彻落实《关于加强图书馆著作权保护工作的通知》精神的思考

国家四部委联合发布的《关于加强图书馆著作权保护工作的通知》是新中国历史上相关部门针对图书馆著作权问题的第一份专门文件,不仅有其深刻的现实背景,而且对图书馆工作和图书馆事业的发展意义重大而长远。在图书馆贯彻《通知》精神,切实保护著作权,应该树立法制、风险、规则、提高、教育、管理、监督等意识,把对策与措施落到实处,收到实效。     

Quantitative analysis of workplace morale in academic librarians and the impact of direct supervisors on workplace morale

Many studies have attempted to measure the workplace morale of academic librarians through related variables such as job satisfaction. Other studies have taken a qualitative or phenomenological approach to understanding workplace morale. This exploratory study has two objectives: (1) to quantitatively measure the workplace morale of academic librarians to set an initial baseline measure for future research and (2) to analyze the variables that impact academic librarian morale with an emphasis on the variables that academic library supervisors directly influence. Findings suggest the workplace morale of academic librarians is predicted by several variables within a supervisor's influence including feedback, work autonomy, and supervisor qualities such as communication, transparency, and empowering subordinates. Outside of a small negative relationship to age and work experience, demographics were largely found to not be a predictor of workplace morale. This study also evaluated workplace morale as a predictor of turnover intention in academic librarians. There was a strong statistically significant negative correlation between workplace morale and the turnover intention of academic librarians.     

Watching Online Videos at Work: The Role of Positive and Meaningful Affect for Recovery Experiences and Well-Being at the Workplace

This study extends research on the relationship between hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment and its potential for recovery experiences and aspects of well-being (e.g., Rieger, Reinecke, Frischlich, & Bente, 2014). With the broad notion of what hedonic and eudaimonic media can entail, this research focused on unique affective experiences—namely, positive affect—and an expanded concept of meaningful affect (including elevation and gratitude). An online experiment with 148 full-time employees in the United States was conducted to investigate the unique role of positive and meaningful affect eliciting YouTube videos (compared to neutral control video) on recovery experiences and vitality and work satisfaction in the work context. A path model suggests that meaningful videos predicted mastery recovery experiences, whereas positive affect predicted psychological detachment and relaxation experiences. In addition, mastery recovery experiences predicted vitality, whereas relaxation experiences predicted satisfaction with work, indicating a unique potential of the consumption of meaningful and positive affect inducing YouTube videos at work for workplace well-being.     

图书馆权利案例研究——美国宗教组织诉图书馆限制会议厅使用案分析

美国信仰中心教会福音部诉康特拉克斯塔县立图书馆安条克分馆一案告知人们,公共图书馆不应因个人或团体的宗教信仰及其活动内容而限制其使用公共图书馆的会议厅。这一案件反映出公共图书馆在提供会议厅使用时存在理念与实际上的冲突,启发公共图书馆用户应该积极维权,提醒公共图书馆的管理者要在坚持公平原则的基础上谨慎地制订服务政策。     

A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Organizational Dissent and Workplace Freedom in Five European Economies

Individuals in five European countries—Finland, France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom (n = 1184)—completed a survey exploring the relationship between organizational dissent and workplace freedom of speech. Results revealed workplace freedom of speech is positively correlated with dissent among the entire sample in France and in Germany. Results in Spain were nonsignificant. In the United Kingdom, there was a negative relationship between workplace freedom of speech and dissent. There was a negative relationship between workplace freedom of speech and articulated dissent and a positive relationship with latent dissent in Finland. Moreover, MANCOVA testing showed nationality to have a significant effect on organizational dissent and workplace freedom of speech. Germans scored the highest on dissent and workplace freedom with Spain scoring the lowest.     

信息查询与检索领域中用户情感因素的界定与应用

[目的/意义]通过调研和梳理信息查询与检索领域情感相关的研究工作，梳理情感因素的界定和应用现状。[方法/过程]从情感视角出发，对国内外信息查询与检索领域中涉及情感的研究工作进行分析，从情感相关提法的概念、情感因素的类型、基于情绪理论的情感表示及其应用等角度进行分析。[结果/结论]情感相关提法多样，大致包括情感、情感因素两类，前者主要包括印象、情绪、情感、感情等。后者比前者更宽泛，还会涉及非情绪因素。总体而言，基于情绪理论界定和表示情感因素的研究最为普遍，大都沿用心理学中相关概念，较少进行严格区分。最后，从情感的概念、情感因素的类型、情感的测量与应用角度进行总结，并展望未来研究方向。     

Communication and our environment: Categorizing research in environmental advocacy

Marketplace advocacy campaigns often arise in response to burgeoning societal concerns, especially those faced by energy industries. These campaigns may be launched by a single sponsor or by an industry trade group representing the collective interests of the industry sector. Using focus groups, this research explored how lay audiences with little knowledge of the topic being advocated responded to similar energy-focused marketplace advocacy messages when presented by a corporation versus an industry trade group, research which has potentially significant implications for how corporations allocate communication resources as well as for environmental groups attempting to combat certain industry initiatives. Specifically, this study explored audience response to marketplace advocacy messages when communicated via a corporation versus an industry trade group in two common contexts: (1) ads designed to build support for an industry category and (2) ads designed to build support for a specific, controversial industry initiative. Findings were analyzed through theoretical frameworks in persuasion knowledge and attribution theory. A model is introduced that integrates these perceptions and highlights the study's key findings.     

The folksong jukebox: singing along for social change in rural India

In designing digital literacy content for marginalized demographics, we need to garner local resources to structure engaging and meaningful media experiences. This paper examines the socio-cognitive implications of a novel edutainment product in rural India on learning, stemming from an e-development initiative funded by Hewlett-Packard. This product encapsulates a multiplicity of media forms: text, audio and visual, with social-awareness folk themes endemic to the locality. It uses the karaoke ‘same language subtitling’ feature that won the World Bank Development Marketplace Award in 2002 due to its simple yet innovative application that has proven to have an impact on reading skills. The product strives to combine cultural regeneration, value-based education, incidental literacy and language practice through entertainment. The paper investigates how this product addresses engagement and empowerment simultaneously, based on elements such as emotional appeal, multimodal stimulation, interactivity, contextual content and local representation. This is useful for practitioners and scholars interested in the design of novel edutainment content for international, underrepresented demographics.     

Extending the Television Brand: An Examination of Why Consumers Use Broadcast Network Web Sites

Framed by the technology acceptance and customer-based brand equity (CBBE) models, this study investigated how audiences intend to use broadcast television network Web sites. Drawing upon the results of a survey (N = 178), this research found that perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment significantly influence intent to use broadcast Web sites. Findings also reveal that CBBE plays a significant role as a mediator between motivations and behavioral intention to use broadcast networks' Web sites. It is concluded that as the medium of television evolves, networks' Web sites should be conduits for sustained brand allegiance and broadcasters should make more strategic use of their Web sites.     

免费开放与县级图书馆总分馆建设

免费开放的资金支持,不是县级图书馆用来自扫门前雪的,应该着眼建设公共图书馆服务体系。总分馆制是县级图书馆实施免费开放的必然选择。免费开放的资金支持,为县级图书馆总分馆制建设奠定了经费基础。中央六部委《关于加强地方县级和城乡基层文化队伍建设的若干意见》核定的县、乡文化站人员编制,为分馆建设提供了人员保障。免费开放如果不着眼体系建设,就解决不了图书馆长期发展的根本性问题,我们将会失去整个行业发展的大好机会,再次面临萎缩的危机。     

The Attitude Base as a Moderator of the Effectiveness of Inoculation Strategy

This investigation introduced the attitude base (cognitive or affective) as a moderator in the resistance domain and effectively partitioned the role of affect from cognition by properly delineating its function. A three-phase experiment was conducted involving 290 participants. The results confirmed the role of the original elements in the process of resistance introduced by McGuire: threat and counterarguing output. Furthermore, the results indicated that inoculation messages were most effective when their content matched the attitude base. Cognitive inoculation messages generated greater resistance to counterattitudinal attacks when presented to individuals whose attitude base was primarily cognitive, rather than affective, in nature. The reverse was also found to be true as affective inoculation messages generated greater resistance to counterattitudinal attacks when presented to individuals whose attitude base was primarily affective, rather than cognitive, in nature.     

Rethinking the Eurocentric Library Workplace:

There have been numerous articles, conferences and workshops about the concept of valuing diversity in the American workplace. In the library literature, this discussion has more often than not focused on recruiting librarians of color and helping "them" to adjust to the library workplace. The authors of this article suggest an additional dimension which as been promoted in the corporate sector for some time: that of re-thinking the culture of the workplace. The role that an individual's culture places in creating a workplace culture should not be underestimated. Increased awareness and assessment of various cultural issues is critical to recruitment and retention of people of color in library organizations. The growing diversityy of American society make a re-assessment of library workplace culture imperative. The irulhors of this article assert that "valuing differences" in the workplace means allowing people more opportunity to be themselves within the framework of organizational effectiveness, without fear of negative ramif~cations. The goal of library organizations should be to move beyond "visual" diversity. Managment in these organizidons must ask "How do we create, sustain and direct a workforce that is comprised of increasingly diverse staff without requiring cultural homogeneity?" This article includes a swey instrument that is helpful in analyzing the dominant culture of the workplace, a selected primary source reading list, and a bibliography on issues of workplace diversity, multiculturalism, valuing diversity, and diversity training taken primarily from business models.     

Newer is not necessarily better a reexamination of affective learning measurement

The instrument commonly employed in instructional communication to measure affective learning was subjected to tests of its construct validity as a measure of higher‐order affective learning. The results indicate the instrument is a satisfactory instrument for this purpose. Newer measures of higher‐order affective learning were found to be highly associated with the older measure. Teacher evaluation measures were found to be distinct from both the newer and the older affective learning measures. The construct validity of the commonly used affective learning instrument is good.     

Affective issues in library and information science systems work: A content analysis

Increasing attention to affective issues is evident in human information behavior work in library and information science (LIS) as well as in a wide range of other disciplines. However, it is questionable whether the LIS systems-oriented literature reflects any serious interest in affective issues such as emotion or confidence, as these affect information behavior. This study analyzes systems work in LIS to determine the relative interest in affective issues being shown. Content analysis of articles published between 1999 and 2003 indicates that systems work in LIS pays little attention to affective variables. In addition, insufficient intellectual access to affective issues is provided by the primary indexing services.     

Incivility and Dysfunction in the Library Workplace: Perceptions and Feedback from the Field

Issues associated with lack of civility, less than ideal functionality, and employees that may not self-reflect as much they should are all challenges in the modern workplace and libraries are no exception. The purpose of this study was to determine which issues associated with a lack of civility such as mobbing, bullying, workplace dysfunction, and lack of abilities regarding self-reflection were found in the library workplace and to what extent. The data represents the feedback of 4,168 library employees through a self-reporting survey instrument designed by the authors with the help of the American Library Association. Data is both quantitative and qualitative and seeks to examine the issues addressed across all types of libraries. While useful for all library employees, this study and report are especially relevant to the modern library administrator.