Understanding everyday life information seeking behavior in the context of coping with daily hassles: A grounded theory study of female students

Studying everyday life information seeking (ELIS) in a variety of contexts contributes to its conceptual development. The primary goal of this study was to understand ELIS in the context of female university students' coping with daily hassles. To identify the dimensions and determinants of ELIS, and to fill this current gap in the literature, a grounded theory study was conducted using Flick's stages of episodic interviewing with 21 Iranian female first-year university students. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed through open, axial and selective coding. The findings showed that ELIS in coping with daily hassles is a multidimensional phenomenon that is affected by individuals' characteristics and sociocultural norms and values. Three main categories emerged as determinants of ELIS, namely normative status of the daily hassles, normative status of the information resources, and the individual's characteristics. Two main categories emerged as dimensions of ELIS which were type and strategy of action. Results of this study can contribute to the conceptual development of ELIS and may indicate how and in what circumstances ELIS dimensions emerge. The findings can also be used as a basis for developing information and intervention services in the context of coping with daily hassles.     

Normative behavior and information: The social aspects of information access

Information access is central to library and information science, yet explorations of its conceptual nature have been limited. Given the importance of information access to the discipline, there is a need for research to create a better understanding of the concept and its many roles in all activities and behaviors related to information. Drawing on the theoretical work of Elfreda Chatman, this article proposes that the study of information access can be facilitated through the recognition and examination of the physical, intellectual, and social aspects of information access. These types of access are examined through three case studies in terms of different information behaviors and contexts, with a particular focus on the importance of social access. The article also discusses the future roles that considerations of social access can play in research and theory.     

Place,community and information behavior: Spatially oriented information seeking zones and information source preferences

Even in a digitally advanced society, much of our daily lives is based in place, but information behavior research has largely ignored place as theoretically relevant to information behavior. This study explores the implications of a place-based approach to studying information practices, and examines factors that influence information seeking and sharing in place-based communities among parents of individuals with disabilities. Based on qualitative data gathered from 35 parents of individuals with disabilities, it proposes a spatial model of information source preferences based on the theory of information horizons, and discusses implications of the model for future research related to information seeking and places. It also presents substantive place-related findings about local information needs, including discussion of the local parent network as an information seeking system.     

Media effects on information sharing: A field experiment

The purpose of this field experiment was to test hypotheses concerned with media effects on the ability to share and discuss information in administrative appeals hearings in the area of unemployment insurance. Three communication modes were compared: (a) face‐to‐face, the traditional mode; (b) split telephone, in which participants speak from locations convenient to each; and (c) office telephone, in which the agency representative is at one location and all other participants are located together at another agency office. Of the numerous tests conducted, few revealed significant differences among the three modes. These results corroborated findings from previous laboratory and field research: in‐person hearings compared favorably with the two telephone modes, and the split conference hearing tended to receive higher ratings than the office telephone configuration.     

数字资源整合:信息资源管理领域的新课题

我们正面临这样一种信息环境的变革时期:数字信息日渐成为信息资源的主流载体,整序数字信息的异构资源系统急剧增加,数字资源局部有序但整体呈现无序的状况日趋严重,优化数字资源利用环境,有效获取信息知识成为人们关注的重点.如何利用新型的技术和方法,对局部有序而整体无序的数字资源进行类聚、融合和科学的重组,最终形成以知识组织体系为支撑的数字资源知识整合的大环境,提高数字资源传播与利用效率,既是图书情报界、企业界等领域数字资源建设的重要任务,也是信息资源管理领域的一个新的重要研究课题.     

Genetic information resources: a new field for medical librarians

The Human Genome Project is generating unprecedented quantities of new genetic information. The new discipline of bioinformatics has created many new molecular biology databanks to store the results of the Human Genome Project. This data is expected to be the information source for biomedical science in the 21st century. As molecular biology research moves out of the laboratory and becomes molecular medicine, a growing number of people need access to genetic information. Medical students, healthcare practitioners and patients need help in finding appropriate information. Medical librarians should know how to search key genetic information resources and should have a basic understanding of the type of information contained in each.     

我国用户信息行为研究综述

论文在介绍有关用户信息行为研究概况的基础上，对信息行为的概念、特征、主体、类型、控制等方面进行了分析。     

Information behavior of people in the fourth age: Implications for the conceptualization of information literacy

The information literacy (IL) needs of people in the fourth age, a stage of increasing dependence and disability, have not been considered in the research literature. Based on the premise that there are relationships between information seeking and IL, this article begins to bridge this gap by focusing on the information-seeking behavior of the group in an attempt to identify IL needs. It does this through a literature review, particularly drawing on two pieces of human information behavior research, one a new study focused specifically on the group in question. It also examines existing definitions of IL in order to gauge how relevant they appear to be. The reasons for studying this group include that all stages of a person's lifespan deserve to be studied and that the population size of this group increases dramatically in the developed world. Although information needs and sources used are fewer in the fourth age, they are still important to the people involved, thus making IL a relevant concept. The researchers draw implications for IL from the particularities of the information context where disability and frailty impede purposeful information seeking. The resulting emphasis on incidental information acquisition increases the role for social networks and communication, again with implications for IL. Information grounds, where people congregate for purposes other than information sharing, including artificially created ones, will also be important for information dissemination. The role of the Internet, including assistive technology for its use, is also relevant. The conclusion is that IL is crucial to the well-being of people in the fourth age but that existing definitions need to be adjusted to the specific informational context.     

On the content of the research and scientific field of information management

Based on analyzing domestic and foreign materials on the content of information management, this paper suggests agreeing with the dependence of this field on the curriculum and programs of the corresponding university faculties and studying this field inthe structure of three equal sections: information management of personnel, knowledge, and information technology.     

The results of priority research in the field of information security

The main factors that currently contribute to the increase of the vulnerability of computer information are considered. The dynamics of a number of promising scientific research areas in the field of information security (cryptography, computer steganography, and biometric information-protection systems) are analyzed based on Russian and foreign publications from VINITI databases over the past decade. The obtained data to a certain extent reflect the direction of the development of these research areas, which is defined by corresponding publication streams.     

网络用户信息行为研究

本文将从网络信息行为的概念入手，探讨了网络信息行为的影响因素，然后从信息检索行为、信息交流行为两个方面探讨网络用户信息利用的规律。     

Classifications and classifiers in the field of scientific and technical information

The correlation between the semantically close triads of the terms “rubric-rubrication-rubricator” and “class-classification-classifier” is considered in the historical aspect. The main types and structures of indices (codes of classifiers) of STI databases with various themes (VINITI RAS, INSPEC, PASCAL, JICST, Chemical Abstracts, COMPENDEX, Science Citation Index (SCI), GeoRef, METADEX, AEROSPACE and High Technology) are illustrated proceeding from the modern definition of the concept of classification systems.     

Holistic information behavior and the perceived success of work in organizations

Surprisingly little is known about the relationship between perceived work success and information behavior. This study shows that holistic (versus organization-centric) information behavioral preferences are related to interaction and exchange oriented perceptions of the success of work. The findings were drawn from a partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) based analysis of the survey data (N?=?305) collected from employees of a large multinational corporation. The findings suggest that holistic information behavior is more strongly related to social measures of success, whereas their association with quantitative measures tends to be lower. From the perspective of information behavior research, the findings suggest that holism seems to be a similar factor to, for instance, task complexity or personality, which influences human information behavior and, for instance, perceptions of relevance. From a practical perspective, the study suggests that the promotion of specific facets of measuring success and patterns of information behavior can be used to influence the orientation of working between centrifugality and openness.     

从信息组织的角度看网络信息资源的划分

论文首先分析了几种常见的网络信息资源类型划分标准和方法及其优缺点，然后结合FRBR和DC元数据的相关内容，提出了建议采用的网络信息资源分类标准和体系。