我国公共图书馆服务均等化研究

根据我国相关统计数据,运用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和泰尔指数对我国公共图书馆资源配置公平性进行实证分析的结果表明,我国公共图书馆数量和阅览室座席数量配置的公平性优于藏书量和举办活动次数配置的公平性,并且我国东、中、西部三大区域之间、区域内的公共图书馆服务还不均等。因此,我国应改善公共图书馆服务分布的地区差异、改善公共图书馆内部的不平衡、强化政府担负的公平责任、建立多元化的图书馆服务供给机制,以促进我国公共图书馆服务均等化。     

我国公共图书馆资源配置的公平性研究

以探讨我国公共图书馆资源配置公平性为目的,应用基尼系数和和洛伦茨曲线,对我国31个地区的公共图书馆数、从业人数、高级职称人数、馆藏总量、本年新购藏量、财政拨款、图书购置费、计算机数、年流通人次、书刊文献外借册数、累计发放有效借阅证数、读者活动参加人次12个指标的人口公平性进行分析。结果显示,公共图书馆数、从业人数、计算机数3个指标的公平性较好,其他9个指标的公平性较差,其中图书购置费的不公平性很大。研究结论可为我国公共图书馆资源公平配置提供实证依据。     

基层图书馆资源配置与服务公平性评价探讨——以吉林省基层图书馆为例

以基尼系数作为定量测度社会资源分配公平程度的方法,有利于对公共图书馆资源建设和利用现状进行较为全面的了解,为进一步推进基层图书馆发展和提高现有资源利用效率提供科学的依据。以吉林省基层图书馆为例,对其基础指标、服务指标、发展指标的基尼系数与洛伦兹曲线进行分析发现,吉林省基层图书馆资源配置整体上较为公平,发展指标方面的不公平性比较严重。因此,建议加快图书馆立法进程,将人均资源配置与利用纳入立法内容;建立常规评价机制,使基层图书馆通过比较随时了解自身发展状况和不足。     

用可持续发展观提高高校图书馆服务质量

结合大学图书馆的实际情况,探讨用可持续发展的资源观建设信息资源;用可持续发展的系统观调整部门机构;用可持续发展的效益观建设学科馆员机制;用可持续发展的全球观加强传统服务的功能,拓展现代化信息服务的领域;用可持续发展的社会平等观建立知识交流平台;用人类发展观创建“快乐工作、快乐生活”的图书馆文化氛围。     

“If it is too inconvenient I'm not going after it:” Convenience as a critical factor in information-seeking behaviors

In today's fast-paced world, anecdotal evidence suggests that information tends to inundate people, and users of information systems want to find information quickly and conveniently. Empirical evidence for convenience as a critical factor is explored in the data from two multi-year, user study projects funded by the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The theoretical framework for this understanding is founded in the concepts of bounded rationality and rational choice theory, with Savolainen's (2006) concept of time as a context in information seeking, as well as gratification theory, informing the emphasis on the seekers' time horizons. Convenience is a situational criterion in peoples' choices and actions during all stages of the information-seeking process. The concept of convenience can include their choice of an information source, their satisfaction with the source and its ease of use, and their time horizon in information seeking. The centrality of convenience is especially prevalent among the younger subjects (“millennials”) in both studies, but also holds across all demographic categories—age, gender, academic role, or user or non-user of virtual reference services. These two studies further indicate that convenience is a factor for making choices in a variety of situations, including both academic information seeking and everyday-life information seeking, although it plays different roles in different situations.     

Exploring the directed h-degree in directed weighted networks

Most networks in information science appear as weighted networks, while many of them (e.g. author citation networks, web link networks and knowledge flow networks) are directed networks. Based on the definition of the h-degree, the directed h-degree is introduced for measuring both weighted networks and directed networks. After analyzing the properties and derived measures of the directed h-degree an actual application of LIS journals citation network is worked out.     

The use of electronic books in midwifery education: the student perspective

The objectives of this paper are: (i) to illustrate the use of e-books by health studies students at a college of higher education; (ii) to provide a demonstration of how e-books may be facilitated by library and information services staff working across the health and academic sectors; (iii) to comment upon the experiences of health studies students, in using e-books. A focus group of 10 student midwives was used to gain insight into how e-books may be used in an academic context for health professionals. The findings of the student midwives' focus group are reported and discussed. In this instance, the student midwives were encouraged to use e-books as part of a structured information skills programme. The paper concentrates on how the e-books were used within this context and addresses the potential benefits and disadvantages from a student perspective. The results provide evidence of a largely positive experience of using e-books as an electronic information resource. The focus group reveals many benefits and advantages in the facilitation and use of e-books, as well as addressing areas for development. It is concluded that e-books have a place in health library and information resources, but further development of e-books and e-book collections is required and subsequent investigation into their most effective use.     

基于情境模型的手机图书馆个性化服务研究

网络环境下用户的个性化需求具有易变性、动态性、私密性和情境敏感性等特征,个性化服务的提供越来越需要情境模型的支持。手机图书馆是数字图书馆在移动网络环境下的扩展,是数字图书馆个性化信息服务的需求方式。为此,将情境模型运用于手机图书馆个性化服务,在无线网络和互联网中分别设置情境模型和用户模型,使手机图书馆个性化服务系统具备感知、觉察用户当前和历史情境的功能,并根据用户情境自适应地调整提供给用户的信息,向手机用户提供个性化信息检索、个性化信息推荐、个性化信息推送等服务。在情境模型应用于手机图书馆个性化服务时,需要注意解决手机用户信息安全、手机用户个性化信息获取的准确性与动态性、数字图书馆各种资源的整合、集成及知识产权、系统复杂性与手机用户易用性之间的矛盾等问题。     

Global informetric impact: A description and definition using bundles

Inspired by the Lorenz curve for evenness or concentration, and the corresponding axioms, we construct a theory leading to the notion of global impact. In this theory, we construct a relation that plays the role of the Lorenz dominance order for evenness or concentration theory. The notion of global impact that we obtain is such that well-known global impact bundles such as percentiles, the cumulative number of items produced by the x most productive sources, the average production of the x most productive sources, the generalized h- and g-indices, and the highest number of citations indeed measure impact in our sense of the word.     

三网融合与图书馆信息服务

网络是人类信息交流的重要平台。文章介绍了三网融合的概念、研究的目的和意义,阐述了国内外图书馆三网融合的进展,分析了在三网融合背景下的图书馆信息服务及发展趋势,三网融合通过图书馆将信息服务嵌入到千家万户。     

我国公共文化服务资源配置的时空分异研究

[目的/意义] 厘清公共文化服务资源配置的时空分异现状与特征,旨在指导公共文化服务资源配置工作,帮助推进我国公共文化服务均等化发展。[方法/过程] 运用全局熵值法对我国31个省级行政区的公共文化服务资源配置水平进行测度,采用 Dagum基尼系数和Kernel密度估计方法,探讨公共文化服务资源配置水平的地区差距及其分布动态演进过程。[结果/结论] 基尼系数分解结果表明,我国公共文化服务资源配置水平总体差距整体上呈缩小态势,超变密度构成了地区差距的主要来源。Kernel密度估计表明,我国公共文化服务资源配置水平在考察期内略有上升,公共文化服务资源配置水平较高的省份与公共文化服务资源配置水平较低的省级行政区之间的差距正逐渐扩大,且全国和西部地区的两极分化趋势较为突出。     

OpenURL及其应用

OpenURL作为一种开放式链接框架结构，不仅适用于信息源本身的整合，而且可将多种信息源和多种服务整合在一起，提供上下文相关的服务。本文在分析OpenURL框架结构、语法、上下文对象描述与传输的基础上，讨论其在信息资源整合中的应用。     

Interdisciplinarity as diversity in citation patterns among journals: Rao-Stirling diversity,relative variety,and the Gini coefficient

Questions of definition and measurement continue to constrain a consensus on the measurement of interdisciplinarity. Using Rao-Stirling (RS) Diversity sometimes produces anomalous results. We argue that these unexpected outcomes can be related to the use of “dual-concept diversity” which combines “variety” and “balance” in the definitions (ex ante). We propose to modify RS Diversity into a new indicator (DIV) which operationalizes “variety,” “balance,” and “disparity” independently and then combines them ex post. “Balance” can be measured using the Gini coefficient. We apply DIV to the aggregated citation patterns of 11,487 journals covered by the Journal Citation Reports 2016 of the Science Citation Index and the Social Sciences Citation Index as an empirical domain and, in more detail, to the citation patterns of 85 journals assigned to the Web-of-Science category “information science & library science” in both the cited and citing directions. We compare the results of the indicators and show that DIV provides improved results in terms of distinguishing between interdisciplinary knowledge integration (citing references) versus knowledge diffusion (cited impact). The new diversity indicator and RS diversity measure different features. A routine for the measurement of the various operationalization of diversity (in any data matrix) is made available online.     

Artificial intelligence in local government services: Public perceptions from Australia and Hong Kong

Despite the exponential growth in the popularity of artificial intelligence (AI), our knowledge on the public perception of AI, especially in the context of local government services, is still limited. To bridge this gap, this study aims to provide empirical evidence and insights into public perceptions concerning the use of AI in local government services. Our methodological approach involves collecting data via an online survey from the residents of three major Australian cities—i.e., Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane—and Hong Kong (n = 850), and performing statistical analyses. We found that: (a) Ease of using AI is significantly and positively influenced by attitude towards AI; (b) Attitude towards AI significantly and positively influences perceived usefulness of AI in local government services; (c) AI is seen useful in resource management and to improve delivery of service, reduction of cost to provide urban-service, improvement of public safety, and monitoring the effectiveness of strategies to manage environmental crisis, and; (d) AI is more positively perceived by Australians in comparison to Hong Kongers, indicating the impact of contextual and cultural differences. The research findings inform local government authorities—e.g., urban policymakers, managers, and planners—on their AI policy, planning and implementation decisions.     

数字图书馆信息服务效率研究

本文从数字图书馆的管理者角度研究其信息服务的效率问题,分析了信息服务效率的含义和指标,并就提高信息服务效率提出了建议。     

Towards a Canadian farm management resource centre: Preliminary concept study

This report documents a preliminary concept study commissioned in February 1992 by the Canadian Farm Business Management Council to review issues related to the development of a national farm management resource centre. The concept of a resource centre to service the information needs of farm management educators and related service providers was initially proposed as an integral component of a national Farm Business Management Program. However, the specific nature of such a centre has remained undefined. The present study was undertaken to identify issues related to the resource centre concept, to review available options for the design of such a system, and to identify a likely strategy for further development. The study was based on an extensive review of background materials and interviews with several experts in the field. A conference involving representatives of relevant stakeholder groups was also convened to provide additional input. The results, described in this report, suggest a relatively clear and consistent strategy for resource centre development. The specific elements of this strategy are described with respect to the most appropriate user groups and information applications to be served by the centre, the relevant holdings, methods of access and application of information technology, and related administrative and operational concerns. The strategies suggested are clearly consistent with the objectives of the Canadian Farm Business Management Program. Six recommendations are presented that outline a specific course of action toward further development and implementation of the resource centre concept.     

开放环境下数字信息资源服务模式探析

开放环境下数字信息资源服务正发生着深刻变化：服务提供者向多元化发展,新型服务项目不断涌现,信息服务渗透用户信息活动全过程并逐步向知识服务转型等。为了更好地把握和预测数字信息资源服务的发展趋势,文章从资源发现、获取、利用、保存等方面,总结出八种开放环境下数字信息资源的服务模式,包括“一站式”资源发现服务模式、全文获取服务模式、数据管理服务模式、开放共享服务模式、知识服务模式、社群信息服务模式、移动信息服务模式、长期保存服务模式等。     

移动图书馆信息接受情境粘滞模型研究

[目的/意义]移动图书馆信息接受情境粘滞是阻碍信息接受的活跃性因素。降低信息接受情境粘滞度,增强移动图书馆信息接受的"场景-行为-情境"适配功效,是提升移动图书馆场景服务能力、实现移动图书馆服务创新的关键。[方法/过程]通过探索移动图书馆信息接受情境粘滞的形成动因,运用情境适配理论和阻滞增长模型理论,构建移动图书馆信息接受情境粘滞模型;运用Matlab动态模拟移动图书信息接受的场景要素、情境要素和适配要素对移动图书馆信息接受情境粘滞的影响。[结果/结论]实验结果显示：移动图书馆信息接受情境粘滞在不同的阶段呈现不同的特征,粘滞度过小会使移动图书馆信息接受情境对移动服务场景产生剧烈的震荡作用,粘滞度过大则会使移动图书馆信息接受场景过分依赖于信息接受情境。