法治行进中的行政审判

怎样运用国家司法权监督、制约国家行政权力，保障行政机关依法行政，这是依法治国原则对行政审判提出的重大命题，也是法治进程中行政审判的使命之所在。为此，应将抽象行政行为、部分内部行政行为等列为司法审查对象，以扩大行政诉讼的受案范围；放宽公益行政诉讼的原告主体资格限制，拓展行政诉讼的被告，减少对行政诉讼主体资格的限定。进而，使行政审判为法治社会的达成、法治国家的实现，发挥其应有的作用。     

浅议高校对学生纪律处分行为的可诉性

高校纪律处分行为涉及学生的基本权利,它是一种行政行为,高校可以成为行政诉讼的被告,故对这种行为进行司法审查是合理的,将这种行为纳入到行政诉讼之列,不仅必要,而且可行。     

浅议行政诉讼中被告的确定

在行政诉讼中,存在着如何正确确定行政诉讼被告的问题。传统的行政诉讼理论是以"行政主体"为标准来衡量行政诉讼被告的资格,确立的是"谁主体,谁被告"的基本原则。然而,随着社会的发展,行政诉讼关系越来越复杂,传统的理论已经不能适应这样的发展,遂有学者提出了"谁行为,谁被告"的观点。笔者认为,行政诉讼被告的确认应该由行政行为的性质来决定。     

论行政诉讼被告资格的确认标准

行政诉讼是以行政行为为诉讼标的的,给因行政行为的行使而受到侵害的行政相对人以救济的诉讼活动。而被告是行政诉讼的必要条件,只有对其加以正确认定,才能更好地保护相对人的合法权益。目前,我国行政诉讼被告资格的确定是以行政主体为标准的。但是,这一认定标准给司法实践带来许多困难,导致行政相对人的合法权益不能得以及时、有效的保护。作为行政诉讼被告资格确定的理论依据——行政主体理论,是从国外引进的,但该理论在我国只有其名而无其实,以行政主体作为确立行政诉讼被告资格的标准已突显许多缺陷。因此,我国应当根据国情、借鉴国外成功的经验,确立以便于诉讼为主要目的的行政诉讼被告资格确认标准。     

试论行政法、行政诉讼法在高校管理中的运用

结合行政法律、法规对高校的授权，依据行政法、行政诉讼法的规定，学生和高校间发生的纠纷属于行政诉讼法的管辖范围。在关于学位证和毕业证的许可案件中，学生可以将母校列为被告；但在关于学籍管理的案件中，学生不可以将母校直接列为被告。     

行政诉讼中的举证责任问题探析

举证责任是法律假定的一种后果，即承担举证责任的当事人提出自己的主张、证明自己的主张。行政诉讼中的举证责任明确了作为被告的行政机关应当举出证据证明具体行政行为的合法性，否则将承担不利的法律后果；而原告并不因为举不出证据证明具体行政行为的违法性而败诉。     

学校是否适合行政诉讼被告的思考

学校是依法具有法人资格的事业单位,是行政管理的相对人。学校与学生的关系是一种管理关系,其对学生作出的惩戒行为,是一种内部管理行为,不同于行政机关对外作出的具体行政行为。学生认为学校的行为侵犯其合法权益,将学校作为被告提起行政诉讼,不符合我国现行行政诉讼法律制度的规定。因学校不具有行政法律意义上的可诉性,故学校作为行政诉讼法之被告不适合。     

试论公立高校的行政主体资格——以田永诉北京科技大学拒颁毕业证学位证案为例

公立大学在越来越多的行政诉讼中成为被告，其中最具代表性的是田永诉北京科技大学拒绝颁发毕业证、学位证案，以该行政诉讼案为例，从分析公立高校的性质及法律地位入手，解析公立高校与学生之间管理与被管理法律关系的三种定性，可知公立高校在与学生管理与被管理的法律关系中的行政主体资格问题。     

论公立高校学生身份权的司法救济

学生身份权是公立高校绝大部分学生的重要权利.为了保护学生的合法权益,也为了监督公立高校退学权的合法行使,亟待把学生身份权的救济纳入司法领域.从现代公共行政的视角分析,公立高校退学权是一种行政权力,公立高校是行政诉讼的适格被告,公立高校强制剥夺学生身份权行为,亦在行政诉讼受案范围之内.因此,司法完全可以介入,为学生身份权的保护提供司法救济.对公立高校强制剥夺学生身份权行为的目的合法性,程序正当性和校规解释的合法性进行审查,是司法救济学生权益的三种方案.     

行政诉讼原告举证问题研究

行政诉讼中需要证明对象包括实体事实和诉讼程序事实，实体事实主要是具体行政行为，《行政诉讼法》明确规定其合法性由被告举证，但是对于行政诉讼中的诉讼程序事实是否适用举证责任缺少明确规定。文章在分析举证责任的含义和证明对象的范围后，认为原告要对特定的诉讼程序事实负担举证责任；在分析诉讼程序事实适用举证责任的条件和举证责任分配的原理后，对原告承担举证责任的诉讼程序事实进行了探讨。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.