Optimal time for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rats with myocardial infarction

Background:Bone marrow mesenehymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation is a promising strategy in the treatment of myocardial infarction(MI).However,the time for transplanting cells remains controversial.The aim of this study was to find an optimal time point for cell transplantation.Methods:MSCs were isolated and cultured from Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats.MI model was set up in SD rats by permanent ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery.MSCs were directly injected into the infarct berder zone at 1 h,1 week and 2 weeks after MI,respectively.Sham-operated and MI centrel groups received equal volume of phosphate buffered saline(PBS).At 4 weeks after MI,cardiac function Was assessed by echocardiography;vessel density Was analyzed on hematoxylin-eosin stained slides by light microscopy;the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes Was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidy1 transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL) assay;the expressions of proteins were analyzed by Western blot.Results:MSC transplantation improved cardiac function.reduced the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and increased vessel density.These benefits were more obvious in l-week group than in 1-h and 2-week groups.There are more obvious increases in the ratio of bc1-2/bax and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and more obvious decreases in the expression of cleaved-caspase-3 in 1-week group than those in other two groups.Conclusion:MSC transplantation was beneficial for the recovery of cardiac function.MSC transplantation at l week post-MI exerted the best effects on increases of cardiac function,anti-apoptosis and angiogenesis.     

Ex vivo expansion and pluripotential differentiation of cryopreserved human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

This study is aimed at investigating the potentials of ex vivo expansion and pluri-differentiation of cryopreservation of adult human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （hMSCs） into chondrocytes, adipocytes and neurocytes. Cryopreserved hMSCs were resuscitated and cultured for 15 passages, and then induced into chondrocytes, adipocytes and neurocytes with corresponding induction medium. The induced cells were observed for morphological properties and detected for expressions of type II collagen, triglyceride or neuron-specific enolase and nestin. The result showed that the resuscitated cells could differentiate into chondrocytes after exposure to transforming growth factor 61 （TGF-~0, insulin-like growth factor I （IGF-I） and vitamin C （Vc）, and uniformly changed morphologically from a spindle-like fibroblastic appearance to a polygonal shape in three weeks. The induced cells were heterochromatic to safranin O and expressed cartilage matrix-procollagenal （If） mRNA. The resuscitated cells cultured in induction medium consisting of dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-l-methylxanthine, indomethacin and IGF-I showed adipogenesis, and lipid vacuoles accumulation was detectable after 21 d. The resuscitated hMSCs were also induced into neurocytes and expressed nestin and neuron specific endolase （NSE） that were special surface markers associated with neural cells at different stage. This study suggested that the resuscitated hMSCs should be still a population ofpluripotential cells and that it could be used for establishing an abundant bMSC reservoir for further experiment and treatment of various clinical discases.     

Tongxinluo promotes mesenchymal stem cell tube formation in vitro

Objective  

To study whether Tongxinluo (TXL) can induce angiogenesis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and to investigate the underlying mechanism.     

Allograftic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into heart infarcted model of rabbit to renovate infarcted heart

Objective: To investigate the directed transplantation of allograftic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in myocardial infarcted (MI) model rabbits. Materials and Methods: Rabbits were divided into 3 groups, heart infarcted model with MSCs transplanted treatment (MSCs group, n=12), heart infarcted model with PBS injection (control group, n=20), sham operation with PBS injection (sham group, n=l 7). MSCs labelled by BrdUrd were injected into the MI area of the MSCs group. The same volume of PBS was injected into the MI area of the control group and sham group. The mortality, LVIDd, LVIDs and LVEF Of the two groups were compared 4 weeks later. Tropomyosin inhibitory component (Tn I) and BrdUrd immunohistochemistry identified the engrafted cells 4 weeks after transplantation. Result: The mortality of the MSCs group was 16.7% (2/12), and remarkably lower than the control group's mortality [35% (7/20) (P＜0.05)].Among the animals that survived for 4 weeks, the LVIDd and LVIDs of the MSCs group after operation were 1.17±0.21 cm and 0.74±0.13 cm, and remarkably lower than those of the model group, which were 1.64±0.14 cm and 1.19±0.12 cm (P＜0.05); the LVEF of the MSCs group after operation was 63±6%, and remarkably higher than that of the model group,which was 53±6% (P＜0.05). Among the 10 cases of animals that survived for 4 weeks in the MSCs group, in 8 cases (80%),the transplanted cells survived in the non MI, MI region and its periphery, and even farther away; part of them differentiated into cardiomyocytes; in 7 cases (70%), the transplanted cells participated in the formation of blood vessel tissue in the MI region. Conclusion: Transplanted allograftic MSCs can survive and differentiate into cardiomyocytes, form the blood vessels in the MI region. MSCs transplantation could improve the heart function after MI.     

Allograftic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into heart infarcted model of rabbit to renovate infarcted heart

Objective: To investigate the directed transplantation of allograftic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in myocardial infarcted (MI) model rabbits. Materials and Methods: Rabbits were divided into 3 groups, heart infarcted model with MSCs transplanted treatment (MSCs group, n=12), heart infarcted model with PBS injection (control group, n=20), sham operation with PBS injection (sham group, n=17). MSCs labelled by BrdUrd were injected into the MI area of the MSCs group. The same volume of PBS was injected into the MI area of the control group and sham group. The mortality, LVIDd, LVIDs and LVEF of the two groups were compared 4 weeks later. Tropomyosin inhibitory component (Tn I) and BrdUrd immunohistochemistry identified the engrafted cells 4 weeks after transplantation. Result: The mortality of the MSCs group was 16.7% (2/12), and remarkably lower than the control group's mortality [35% (7/20) (P<0.05)]. Among the animals that survived for 4 weeks, the LVIDd and LVIDs of the MSCs group     

潘南金对急性心肌梗塞心律失常影响的对比研究

目的观察潘南金(门冬氨酸钾镁)对急性心肌梗塞后心律失常、泵功能及死亡率的影响.方法本文对我院1998.3～1999.10月收入CCU病房的40例患者进行单盲、随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组第1～5天给予潘南金静脉输注,第6～15天改为口服,检测两组治疗前、第5、10天的血清钾、镁离子浓度,记录治疗前后血压及第一天24hHolter,统计两组并发症及死亡率,所得数据进行统计学处理.结果两组间在年龄、性别、发病时间及合并用药等方面无差异,所有资料具有可比性.治疗组第5、10天的血镁较治疗前及对照组显著增高(P＜0.01),治疗组的心衰、室早、室速较对照组明显减少(P值分别为＜0.05、＜0.01及＜0.05),治疗组再灌注心律失常发生率较对照组减少(P＜0.05),死亡率两组间无显著差异(P＜0.05).治疗组治疗前后血压变化较对照组明显(P＜0.05).结论潘南金可以减少AMI后心衰的发生,改善心功能,减少AMI后室性心律失常的发生.在溶栓的患者,潘南金能减少再灌注心律失常的发生,减小再灌注损伤.但潘南金对血压有较大的影响,尤其血压在正常低限时,静脉输注潘南金可使低血压发生率增加,因此临床应用时需注意.     

碎裂QRS波对急性心肌梗死患者的短期预后评估(英文)简

This study is aimed to investigate the clinical significance and the short-term prognostic value of frag- mented QRS （fQRS） for patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Three hundred patients with AMI were tested with retrospective analysis on the patients＇ clinical information, hospitalized treatment, fQRS onset time, location of lesions, and other relevant data, in order to assess the relationship between the presence of fQRS and its prognosis. The rates of malignant cardiac arrhythmia, left ventricular systolic dysfunction （LVSD）, and mortality in the positive fQRS group were 13.6%, 29.2%, and 23.7%, respectively, with all showing a p value 〈0.05. For the ST segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） subgroup, all the rates showed significant differences with a p value 〈0.01, while for the non-STEMI （NSTEMI） subgroup showed no significant differences. In patients with a positive fQRS, there were no differences in malignant cardiac arrhythmia between patients with and without percutaneous coronary in- tervention （PCI） （p〉0.05）. As for the LVSD and mortality, the p values between patients with and without PCI were 0.031 and 0.000, respectively, suggesting statistical significance. The results imply that AMI patients with positive fQRS especially for the patients with STEMI had higher rates of malignant cardiac arrhythmia, LVSD, and mortality than the non-fQRS group. Patients of AMI with positive fQRS, who underwent early revascularization, could lower the incidence of the cardiovascular event. In addition, the presence of fQRS could be used as an indication of early in- tervention treatment for patients.     

Risk of cardiac rupture after acute myocardial infarction is related to a risk of hemorrhage

Although cardiac rupture (CR) is a fatal mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), to date no predictive model for CR has been described. CR has common pathological characteristics with major bleeding. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the risk factors of major bleeding and CR. A total of 10 202 consecutive AMI patients were recruited, and mechanical complications occurred in 72 patients. AMI patients without CR were chosen as control group. Clinical characteristics including bleeding-related factors were compared between the groups. The incidences of free wall rupture (FWR), ventricular septal rupture (VSR), and papillary muscle rupture (PMR) were 0.39%, 0.21%, and 0.09%, respectively, and the hospital mortalities were 92.5%, 45.5%, and 10.0%, respectively. Female proportion and average age were significantly higher in the groups of FWR and VSR than in the control group (P<0.01); higher white blood cell count and lower hemoglobin were found in all CR groups (P<0.01). Compared to the control group, patients with CR were more likely to receive an administration of thrombolysis [26.39% vs. 13.19%, P<0.05], and were less likely to be treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [41.67% vs. 81.60%, P<0.05]. The major bleeding scores (integer scores) of FWR, VSR, and PMR were (17.70±7.24), (21.91±8.33), and (18.60±7.88), respectively, and were significantly higher than that of the control group (11.72±7.71) (P<0.05). A regression analysis identified age, increased heart rate, anemia, higher white blood cell count, and thrombolysis as independent risk factors of CR, most of which were major bleeding-related factors. The patients with CR have a significantly higher risk of hemorrhage compared to the group without CR. Risk of CR after AMI is related to the risk of hemorrhage.     

Renal insufficiency is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality for patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective:To investigate the relationship between renal function and clinical outcomes among patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI), who were treated with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: 420 patients hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital, diagnosed with ASTEMI treated with emergency (PCI) from January 2001 to June 2011 were enrolled in this study. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was used as a measure of renal function. We compared the clinical parameters and outcomes between ASTEMI patients combined renal insufficiency and the patients with normal renal function. Results:There was a significant increase in the concentrations of fibrinogen and D-Dimer (P<0.05) and a much higher morbidity of diabetes mellitus in the group of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD; eGFR<60 ml/(min·1.73 m2)) (P<0.01). CKD (eGFR<60 ml/(min·1.73 m2)) was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality for patients hospitalized with ASTEMI receiving PCI therapy rapidly (P=0.032, odds ratio (OR) 4.159, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.127-15.346). Conclusions:Renal insufficiency is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality for patients hospitalized with ASTEMI treated with primary PCI.     

急性脑梗塞患者粘附分子CD_(18)、CD_(54)表达的研究

[目的]探讨粘附分子CD18、CD54粘附功能及其表达变化与急性脑梗塞(ACI)关系.[方法]用流式细胞术检测88例ACI患者白细胞粘附分子CD18、CD54含量与脑梗塞发生时程、部位、面积及治疗前后表达。并与30例正常人作对照.[结果]ACI患者CD18、CD54表达明显增高,与正常对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05),与梗塞面积、部位关系不大;ACI患者CD18、CD54表达在7d内均可有较高水平的表达,治疗10d后表达降低,治疗前后比较CD18、CD54差异有意义(P<0.05).[结论]CD18、CD54参与脑梗塞发生发展病理过程.可做为诊断脑梗塞、评估预后的一项辅助指标.