用excel宏程序提取fbd期刊数据的简易编程

【目的】使用excel宏程序从定版后的方正fbd小样文件提取多刊数据。【方法】 使用InputBox语句由用户输入刊物代号、年份、期次,确定并打开fbd文件为excel文件,数据基本都在第一列单元格中,用Ctrl Find语句定位数据,用循环语句和判断语句采集一个或多个单元格数据,最后是对数据的处理和写入。【结果】程序可有效用于提取《河北科技大学学报》、《河北工业科技》两个刊物的中英文题目、作者、单位、摘要、关键词,以及doi、收稿日期、e-mail、参考文献等数据,程序运行过程中只需使用者输入刊物代号、年和期。【结论】单独使用excel宏程序即可实现所有数据的提取,相对简单易行。【局限】此种编程容错能力较差,要求期刊格式固定不变。     

建设SCIE空白学科期刊提升科技期刊国际影响力

[目的]研究我国在SCIE空白学科领域的学术成果现状,指出在此领域建设SCIE期刊的方法。[方法]利用InCites和Scopus数据库,获取我国SCIE空白学科领域已发SCIE论文总量、占全球百分比等指标。从未有中国英文期刊和已有中国英文期刊两个视角,研究了我国空白学科领域的学术研究现状。[结果]我国多个SCIE空白学科领域已有大量高水平SCIE论文发表,并且多个学术机构在科研生产力、影响力、创新力和发展力上都领先或者接近全球平均水平。[结论]在SCIE空白学科领域,通过组建学会办刊、资助优势特色期刊等办法,可以建设一批高国际影响力的英文期刊。     

Biosurfactant and bioemulsifier as promising molecules produced by Mucor hiemalis isolated from Caatinga soil

BackgroundThe present study describes the production of biosurfactant (BS) and emulsifier (BE) by the filamentous fungus Mucor hiemalis UCP 0039, as well as the characterization and stability of the both biomolecules for environmental or industrial applications.ResultsBiosurfactants and bioemulsifiers are amphiphilic compounds and are produced as extracellular molecules. The results showed that bioproduct obtained by shaker condition reduced the water surface tension of 72 to 32 mN/m and reached an emulsification index of 96%, while the static cultivation resulted in a biomolecule with a surface tension of 40 mN/m and an emulsification index of 96%, suggesting the production of a biosurfactant and bioemulsifier, respectively. The compounds showed glycolipid nature but the biosurfactant presented cationic charge, while the bioemulsifier, anionic charge. Thus, the results confirmed that M. hiemalis produced two distinct biomolecules under different parameters and in the same culture medium.ConclusionsIt is the first time that biosurfactant and emulsifier production has been described in the same medium and under different physical conditions by Mucor hiemalis. Both biomolecules showed thermal stability, as well as have significant effect on the viscosity of hydrophobic compounds, indicating the excellent potential for environmental safety or industrial applications to improve the efficiency of sustainable and economic technologies.How to citeFerreira INS, Rodríguez DM, Campos-Takaki, GM, et al. Biosurfactant and bioemulsifier as promissing molecules produced by Mucor hiemalis isolated from Caatinga soil. Electron J Biotechnol 2020; 47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.06.006.     

Xylitol production and furfural consumption by a wild type Geotrichum sp.

BackgroundXylitol is a five carbons polyol with promising medical applications. It can be obtained from chemical d-xylose reduction or by microbial fermentation of Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate. For this last process, some microbial inhibitors, as furfural, constitute severe bottleneck. In this case, the use of strains able to produce xylitol simultaneously to furfural neutralization is an interesting alternative. A wild-type strain of Geotrichum sp. was detected with this ability, and its performance in xylitol production and furfural consumption was evaluated. Furthermore, were analyzed its degradation products.ResultsGeotrichum sp. produced xylitol from d-xylose fermentation with a yield of 0.44 g·g^-1. Furfural was fully consumed in fermentation assay and when provided in the medium until concentration of 6 g·L^-1. The furfural degradation product is not an identified molecule, presenting a molecular weight of 161 g·mol^-1, an uncommon feature for the microbial metabolism of this product.ConclusionThis strain presents most remarkable potential in performing furfural consumption simultaneous to xylitol production. Subsequent efforts must be employed to establish bioprocess to simultaneous detoxification and xylitol production by Geotrichum sp.     

Callus culture development of two varieties of Tagetes erecta and carotenoid production

BackgroundThe properties of natural pigments, such as antioxidants, functional, medical, and nutraceutical, have demonstrated the advantages of these natural compounds over synthetic ones. Some products are accepted only when they are pigmented with natural, food-quality colorants: for example poultry products (manly marigold flower extracts). Carotenoids such as β-carotene, β-criptoxanthin and lutein are very attractive as natural food colorants due to their antioxidant and pro-vitamin activities which provide additional value to the target products. Marigold (Tagetes erecta) is an Asteraceous ornamental plant native to Mexico, and it is also important as a carotenoid source for industrial and medicinal purposes but nowadays its production is destined mainly for ornamental purposes.ResultsFriable callus of T. erecta yellow flower (YF) and white flower (WF) varieties was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 9.0 μM 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 8.8 μM benzyladenine (BA). Calluses developed from both varieties were different in pigmentation. Extract characterization from callus cultures was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This analytical process detected several carotenoids; the main pigments in extracts from YF callus were lutein and zeaxanthin, whereas in the extracts of the WF callus the main pigments were lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene. Callus cultures of T. erecta accumulated pigments even after several rounds of subculture.ConclusionsWF callus appeared to be a suitable candidate as a source of different carotenoids, and tested varieties could represent an alternative for further studies about in vitro pigment production.     

Poor correlation between alcohol concentration in oral fluid and breath in subjects consuming beverages immediately before testing

IntroductionIn previous research projects and clinical settings, alcohol analysis in oral fluid (saliva) has been used as an alternative to breath or blood alcohol testing. In this study we examined whether it is possible to obtain clinically relevant data regarding alcohol consumption in individuals who recently consumed alcohol by analysing oral fluid samples when the recommended rinsing of the mouth is impossible before sample collection.Materials and methodsWe conducted a study of 89 nightclub patrons in Norway. Before collecting oral fluid samples and performing breath alcohol testing, participants were required to drink a glass of water to remove residual alcohol from the mouth. Oral fluid samples were collected with the Quantisal oral fluid collection device and analysed using an enzymatic method for alcohol. The alcohol concentration in the neat (undiluted) oral fluid was then calculated. Breath alcohol testing was performed using Lion Alcolmeter 500 instruments.ResultsNo false-negative or false-positive results for alcohol were detected in the oral fluid when compared with those in the breath. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.40 indicated a poor correlation between alcohol concentrations in the two sample types.ConclusionsThe procedure for collecting oral fluid was suitable for the qualitative determination of alcohol intake but not for quantitative assessment. We recommend that oral fluid samples should not be used for estimating blood or breath alcohol concentrations in people who have recently consumed alcohol or non-alcoholic beverages, as recommended in the instructions for use.     

High arsenic tolerance in Brevundimonas aurantiaca PFAB1 from an arsenic-rich Indian hot spring

BackgroundArsenic contamination in the ground water of rural India is a recurrent problem and decontamination is mostly based on the chemical or physical treatments until now. Microbial bioremediation is eco-friendly, cheap, time-efficient and does not produce any toxic by-products.ResultIn the present study, a high arsenic tolerant bacteria Brevundimonas aurantiaca PFAB1 was isolated from Panifala hot spring located in West Bengal, India. Previously Panifala was also reported to be an arsenic-rich hot spring. B. aurantiaca PFAB1 exhibited both positive arsenic reductase and arsenite oxidase activity. It was tolerant to arsenite up to 90 mM and arsenate up to 310 mM. Electron microscopy has proved significant changes in cellular micromorphology and stalk appearance under the presence of arsenic in growth medium. Bioaccumulation of arsenic in As (III) treated cells were 0.01% of the total cell weight, while 0.43% in case of As (V) treatment.ConclusionsAll experimental lines of evidence prove the uptake/accumulation of arsenic within the bacterial cell. All these features will help in the exploitation of B. aurantiaca PFAB1 as a potent biological weapon to fight arsenic toxicity in the near future.How to cite: Banerjee A, Sarkar S, Gorai S, et al. High arsenic tolerance in Brevundimonas aurantiaca PFAB1 from an arsenic-rich Indian hot spring. Electron J Biotechnol 2021:52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.05.006     

Novel antimicrobial activity of a dichloromethane extract obtained from red seaweed Ceramium rubrum (Hudson) (Rhodophyta: Florideophyceae) against Yersinia ruckeri and Saprolegnia parasitica,agents that cause diseases in salmonids

BackgroundEnteric red mouth disease and Saprolegniasis, which are caused by the bacteria Yersinia ruckeri and the oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica, respectively, are important illnesses that affect salmonid farming. Sanitary problems in farms are addressed by the prevention of disease outbreaks or by the treatment of diseases with chemicals. Environmental and governmental restrictions, toxicity and high treatment costs limit the use of drugs. Marine organisms, such as algae, sponges and corals, have developed an antimicrobial defense strategy based on the production of bioactive metabolites. Among these organisms, seaweeds offer a particularly rich source of potential new drugs. Hence, many pharmacologically active substances have been isolated from seaweeds. In the Ceramium genus, Ceramium rubrum has been emphasized by several authors for its antimicrobial properties. Based on this background, the present study focused on the antimicrobial activity of a lipophilic extract of C. rubrum on Y. ruckeri and S. parasitica.ResultsThe alga, collected from the Pacific coast of Chile, underwent an ethanol extraction, and the concentrated extract was partitioned between water and dichloromethane. From the dichloromethane extract, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, one hydrocarbon and phytol were identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. The antimicrobial study showed that the whole extract was more active than the individual components, which suggests a strong synergistic effect among the components.ConclusionsThese results may constitute a basis for promising future applied research that could investigate the use of C. rubrum seaweed as a source of antimicrobial compounds against fish pathogens.     

ICT Research,the New Economy,and the Evolving Discipline of Economics: Back to the Future?

Economics-related ICT research has moved from the fringes of the discipline to penetrate all of its branches. It is, therefore, not a separate economics subdiscipline. It is also unlikely to become part of an “ICT or Internet research” proto-discipline. Instead, it should be seen as only one part of a bigger agenda toward a proper “information and knowledge economics” and possibly a future proto-discipline of a “unified theory of information and knowledge” or a meta-discipline of information sciences.     

From POTS to E-commerce: What Have the Developing Countries Learnt About Property Rights Over the Last 50 Years?

The challenge of electronic commerce is new to the developing world. Will this technology-driven initiative allow developing countries in Asia to leapfrog? Electronic commerce will trot or walk depending upon the property rights shaping its behaviour. The history of information infrastructural provision teaches us that efficient property rights can only be expected in rare circumstances, when the polity has a highly developed civil society and existing institutions produce restraint. Sequencing and the fit between domestic institutions and the types of property rights are important. Well-organized large user groups are clear winners from reforms, but universal service in countries like South Korea and Singapore resulted from state prerogatives. Three layers of an electronic commerce network along with five conditions of property rights efficiency are identified.     

Assessment of wasteland derived biomass for bioethanol production

BackgroundThe bioethanol produced from biomass is a promising alternative fuel. The lignocellulose from marginal areas or wasteland could be a promising raw material for bioethanol production because it is present in large quantities, is cheap, renewable and has favorable environmental properties. Despite these advantages, lignocellulosic biomass is much more difficult to process than cereal grains, due to the need for intensive pretreatment and relatively large amounts of cellulases for efficient hydrolysis. Therefore, there is a need to develop an efficient and cost-effective method for the degradation and fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol.ResultsThe usefulness of lignocellulosic biomass from wasteland for the production of bioethanol using pretreatment with the aid of ionic liquids of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was evaluated in this study. The pretreatment process, enzymatic hydrolysis and alcoholic fermentation lasted a total of 10 d. The largest amounts of bioethanol were obtained from biomass originating from agricultural wasteland, in which the dominant plant was fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium) and from the field where the common broom (Cytisus scoparius) was the dominant.ConclusionsThe plants such as fireweed, common broom, hay and goldenrod may be useful for the production of liquid biofuels and it would be necessary in the further stage of research to establish and optimize the conditions for the technology of ethyl alcohol producing from these plant species. Enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass from agricultural wastelands results in a large increase in fermentable sugars, comparable to the enzymatic hydrolysis of rye, wheat, rice or maize straw.How to cite: Smuga-Kogut M, Piskier T, Walendzik B, et al. Assessment of wasteland derived biomass for bioethanol production. Electron J Biotechnol 2019;41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.05.001.     

文献检索统计中易被漏检和错误归类的高校学报

【目的】更加准确地检索统计和分类高校学报,对认识高校学报的范畴和数量、统计和分析高校学报起到帮助。【方法】 通过使用不同索引词、检索后去除干扰项、人工核对检索结果等方法,列举和分析易影响检索统计的高校学报。【结果】得出7类易被漏检、多检或错误归类的高校学报,分别为具有2种名称的学报、刊名中高校名称简写的学报、xx大学xx学报、易被错误归入本科层次的学报、特殊名称高校主办的学报、主办高校与刊名中校名不一致的学报和科学院"学报"等。分析出不同方法检索高校学报时查全率和查准率等的差异。【结论】特殊名称的高校学报对于检索统计存在干扰,研究者应在检索统计时关注这些学报,并采取更加科学严谨的检索统计方法。     

Knowledge maps: A systematic literature review and directions for future research

ContextNowadays the concept of knowledge mapping has attracted increased attention from scientists in a variety of academic disciplines and professional practice areas. Among the most important attributes of a knowledge map is its ability to increase communication and share common practices across an entire organisation. However, despite being a promising area for research, the knowledge maps community lacks a widespread understanding of the current state of the art.ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to explore the world of knowledge mapping by reviewing and analysing the current state of research and providing an overview of knowledge mapping’s concepts, benefits, techniques, classifications and methodologies, which are precisely reviewed, and their features are highlighted. In addition, we offer directions for future research.MethodBased on the systematic literature review method this study collects, synthesises, and analyses numerous articles on a variety of topics closely related to a knowledge map published from January 2000 to December 2013 on six electronic databases by following a pre-defined review protocol. The articles have been retrieved through a combination of automatic and manual search, hence extensive quantitative and qualitative results of the research are provided.ResultsFrom the review study, we identified 132 articles addressing knowledge maps that have been reviewed in order to extract relevant information on a set of research questions. We found a generally increasing level of activity during this 5-year period. We noted that while existing research covers a large number of studies on some disciplines, such as systems and tools development, it contains very few studies on other disciplines, such as knowledge maps adoption. To aid this situation, we offer directions for future research.ConclusionsThe results demonstrated that a knowledge map is an imperative strategy for increasing organisations’ effectiveness. In addition, there is a need for more knowledge maps research.     

Collagen as a source of bioactive peptides: A bioinformatics approach

BackgroundCollagen is the most abundant protein in animals and can be obtained from residues of the food industry. Its hydrolysate has many desirable properties that make it suitable as an additive in foods and cosmetics, or as a component of scaffold materials to be used in biomedicine.ResultsWe report here the characterization of type I collagen from five different sources, namely bovine, porcine, chicken, trout and salmon, as well as their hydrolysates by means of bioinformatics tools. As expected, the results showed that bovine and porcine collagen, as well as trout and salmon collagen, can be used interchangeably due to their high identity. This result is consistent with the evolution of proteins with highly identical sequences between related species. Also, 156 sequences were found as potential bioactive peptides, 126 from propeptide region and 30 from the central domain, according to the comparison with reported active sequences.ConclusionsCollagen analysis from a bioinformatic approach allowed us to classify collagen from 5 different animal sources, to establish its interchangeability as potential additive in diverse fields and also to determine the content of bioactive peptides from its in silico hydrolysis.How to citeNuñez SM, Guzmán F, Valencia P, et al. Collagen as a source of bioactive peptides: a bioinformatics approach. Electron J Biotechnol 2020; 48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.09.009.     

Using clinical guidelines to assess the potential value of laboratory medicine in clinical decision-making

IntroductionIt is often quoted that 70% of clinical decisions are based on laboratory results, but the evidence to substantiate this claim is lacking. Since clinical guidelines aim to document best-practice decision making for specific disease conditions, inclusion of any laboratory test means that the best available evidence is recommending clinicians use it. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the world’s most common cause of mortality, so this study reviewed all CVD guidelines published by five national/international authorities to determine what proportion of them recommended laboratory testing.Materials and methodsFive leading CVD guidelines were examined, namely the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the Australian Heart Foundation (AHF) and the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ).ResultsA total of 101 guidelines were reviewed. Of the 33 individual ESC guidelines relating to CVD, 24/33 made a direct reference to the use of clinical laboratory tests in either diagnosis or follow-up treatment. The same applied to 15/20 of NICE guidelines, 24/32 from the ACC and 15/16 from the AHF/CSANZ. Renal function and blood count testing were the most recommended (39 and 26 times), with lipid, troponin and natriuretic peptide measurement advocated 25, 19 and 19 times respectively.ConclusionsThis study has shown that laboratory testing is advocated by between 73% and 94% of individual CVD guideline recommendations from five national/international authorities. This provides an index to assess the potential value of laboratory medicine to healthcare.     

Characterization of Lactobacillus fermentum UCO-979C,a probiotic strain with a potent anti-Helicobacter pylori activity

BackgroundHelicobacter pylori is considered as the main risk factor in the development of gastric cancer. In the present study, we performed a detailed characterization of the probiotic properties and the anti-H. pylori activity of a previously isolated lactobacillus strain — Lactobacillus fermentum UCO-979C — obtained from human gut.ResultsThe strain tolerated pH 3.0; grew in the presence of 2% bile salts; produced lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide; aggregated in saline solution; showed high hydrophobicity; showed high adherence to glass; Caco-2 and gastric adenocarcinoma human cells (AGS) cells; showed an efficient colonization in Mongolian Gerbils; and potently inhibited the growth and urease activity of H. pylori strains. L. fermentum UCO-979C significantly inhibited H. pylori-induced IL-8 production in AGS cells and reduced the viability of H. pylori. With regard to innocuousness, the strain UCO-979C was susceptible to several antibiotics and did not produce histamine or beta-haemolysis in blood agar containing red blood cells from various origins.ConclusionThe results demonstrated that L. fermentum UCO-979C is a very good candidate as a probiotic for the protection of humans against H. pylori infections.     

Detection and correction of incomplete duplicate 24-hour urine collections – theory and practical evidence

IntroductionThe intraindividual variability in urinary creatinine excretion is notoriously large. The aims of this study were to investigate the variability of duplicate consecutive 24-hour urinary creatinine excretions in patients and to develop a model for the detection and correction of discrepant creatinine excretions.Materials and methodsA group of 270 patients (82 men and 188 women) were included in the study. We collected the following data: urinary 24-hour volumes (volumetric/gravimetric) and urinary creatinine concentrations (Jaffé/enzymatic) on both collection days. We performed specific calculations to detect discrepant creatinine excretions.ResultsIn 60 patients (22%) discrepant collections were found. Among the remaining 78%, 22% of the patients collected very accurately (almost identical urinary creatinine excretions). In this subgroup the volume ratios and the creatinine concentration ratios behave inversely as in a dilution curve. A theoretical model and six collection scenarios were developed to detect, interpret and correct discrepant collections. Practical examples are given to illustrate the use of the model in successful correction of creatinine and other analytes for under- or overcollection.ConclusionsWe conclude that missed or overcollected urine volumes are the largest source of variation in creatinine excretion. Discrepancies in consecutive duplicate 24-hour creatinine excretions can be detected and corrected with specific calculations by means of the presented model. The effectiveness of these corrections is demonstrated with examples from daily practice. These calculations can be easily automated.     

Carnival in the global village: Re-imagining information infrastructures

Abstract

Infrastructures are typically seen as boring and serious, and are routinely depicted using metaphors from transportation. We argue that the carnival is a fruitful metaphor for understanding emerging information infrastructures, as the information age is also the age of the carnival. We distinguish between the ubiquitous or distal carnival and its particular manifestations – the proximate carnival – both of which are characterized by play, anarchy, dissimulation, vulgar language, and excessive consumption. The article focuses on Bitcoin, which we see as a nascent information infrastructure and an exemplary instance of a proximate carnival. It also considers how the carnival metaphor might help us reimagine our study of the information age.