“Ghost” Trademarks in China:Comments on and analysis of preemptive trademark registration in China and the related issues

Over the years,tens and thousands of"ghost"trade- marks have been hovering over this land,These"ghost"trademarks are used to"gain fame or win popularity by fraud".Obvious or implicit bad faith also goes with them when they are applied for registration or used.The most reg- istered"ghost"trademarks are not put to actual use.The owners of these trademarks await opportunities to assign     

Report on the conference “information technology: Impact on the way of life”

Expanding computer network technologies have emerged as a popular communication channel for millions of people. Contemporary literature abounds with ideologically biased accounts of on-line interaction that hinder the emergence of a coherent analytical framework. Scholarly work on computer-mediated communicative play remains underdeveloped. Through an empirically grounded theoretical orientation, this study aims to identify and illustrate processes and elements central to the emergence of self in on-line chat environments. By use of an e-mail survey, participant observation, content analysis, and open-ended interviews, the social nature of on-line interaction is illustrated and identified as significantly more than the technological sum of the medium. Findings indicate that through on-line chat-interaction a ''cyberself'' emerges, rooted in a unique form of communication that is disembodied, dislocated, anonymous, multiple-simultaneous, and faceless. Each of these elements introduces new possibilities to the dramatic nature of on-line interaction, which represents a kind of communication ''self-game'' where participants enact a multiplicity of selves.     

Comments on “Homomorphic image watermarking with a singular value decomposition algorithm”

In the recent paper entitled “Homomorphic image watermarking with a singular value decomposition algorithm” by Abdallah et al., a homomorphic image watermarking using a singular value decomposition is presented. This comment shows that this watermarking scheme is fundamentally flawed in that the extracted watermark is not the embedded watermark but determined by the reference watermark.     

The influence of information depth and information breadth on brokers’ idea newness in online maker communities

Social networks provide individuals with diverse or redundant information depending on the network structure. Both types of information offer advantages for generating new ideas. At the same time, network structure and network content are independent. As a result, two individuals with the same network position can access diverse or redundant content from their social peers. In this study, we investigate the function of social networks in innovative endeavors given individuals’ different kinds of information accessing behavior. In accordance with previous research, we argue that individuals with a broker status access more diverse information through non-redundant network structures and develop, on average, more novel ideas. We further propose that redundancy in content complements brokers’ structural non-redundancy by providing familiar knowledge elements and therefore interpretability, while non-redundancy in both content and structure leads to information overload. Thus, we hypothesize that brokers accessing more information depth, and independently, less information breadth generate newer ideas. To test our hypotheses, we collected data from a popular online maker community containing 18,146 ideas, 19,919 profiles, and 52,663 comments. We used topic modeling (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) to extract hidden knowledge elements and social network analysis to identify brokers. In line with our hypotheses, we find that information depth (breadth) strengthens (weakens) a favorable broker position. These findings have implications for the literature on idea generation in social networks and household sector innovation.     

Compelled Choice Made in Dilemma:Comments on the Issue of Application of Law in the First Case of“Bolar Exception”in China

Ⅰ.Introduction On 20 December 2006,the Beijing No.2 Intermediate People's Court(the Court for short)rendered its first-instance judgement on the Japanese Sankyo Co.,Ltd.)(Sankyo for short) v.the Beijing Wansheng Drug Co.,Ltd.(Wansheng for short),a case of infringement of the patent for the pharma- ceutical"Olmesartan medoxomil",establishing that Wan-     

Theories,methods and current research on emotions in library and information science,information retrieval and human–computer interaction

Emotions are an integral component of all human activities, including human–computer interactions. This article reviews literature on the theories of emotions, methods for studying emotions, and their role in human information behaviour. It also examines current research on emotions in library and information science, information retrieval and human–computer interaction, and outlines some of the challenges and directions for future work.     

Strategy development based on intangibles in SMEs – an integrated approach

The approach in this paper is based on the principles of action research and rapid prototyping. The paper shows the current status of a ‘bottom-up’ research process dedicated to continuously developing and improving management instruments that suit the requirements of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): pragmatic, easy-to-use and generating direct practical benefit. As a result, this paper links the concept of intangibles to the practical strategy development process in SMEs. The integration shown concerns several challenges: (1)?Integrate the internal and external perspective on intangibles, and, by that, link the concept of intellectual capital (IC) as a resource-based view with the concept of customer value as a market-based view. (2)?Integrate the theoretical concept of IC with a methodology for comprehensive strategy development. (3)?Integrate the formulation and implementation of business strategies taking into account the actual practice in SMEs.     

Determination of Trademark Similarity:Comments on the Administrative Lawsuit Involving the Trademark of“BEYOND PETRONEUM”

The case in brief The plaintiff the BP Co.,Ltd.(the BP for short)filed with the Trademark Office two applications for registration of the trademarks"BEYOND PETRONEUM"and"超越石油"(the trademarks in suit)(the Chinese characters"超越"are equiv- alent to the English word"BEYOND"and the Chinese char- acters"石油"are equivalent to the English word"PETRONEUM")in goods of class 4 of the International Clas- sification:industrial oil and wax(raw material).The Trade- mark Office held that the two trademarks were similar to trademark No.1720395"超越矿业and device"(meaning"beyond mining industry")(reference trademark 1)regis- tered in the goods of wax used on conveying belt and trade- mark No.956456"超越and the device"(reference trade- mark 2)registered in goods of industrial grease and oil,and refused said applications.The trademarks in suit and refer- ence trademarks are shown as follows: