The implementation of equitable teaching strategies by high school biology student teachers

Teachers can perpetuate stereotypic cultural beliefs regarding girls' ability in, aptitude for, and suitability for science by their teaching practices and behaviors. As teachers have a major influence on girls' career choices their equitable teaching practices in the classroom are important to encourage all students, but especially girls, to continue with science. Researchers have studied science classrooms and have defined common strategies and practices that can help create an equitable classroom environment. The purpose of this study was to determine if high school biology student teachers could transfer learned equitable teaching strategies to actual teaching and the support conditions necessary for that transfer. Two support conditions were assessed: cooperating teacher and peer group support. Seven preservice teachers were placed into three groups. One group had both support conditions, the second group had only one condition (peer support), and the third group did not have either support condition. Both qualitative and quantitative data sources were collected. Results showed that preservice teachers could transfer learned equitable teaching into actual teaching practice. However, they were more successful in achieving the transfer if they were supervised by cooperating teachers who are sensitized to the issue of gender equity in education. Being involved in a peer support group was not as crucial to using the strategies as having a supportive cooperative teacher.     

高中生物学新教师怎样上好第一节课

对于新教师来说,教学生涯中的第一节课既充满希望也面临挑战。本文结合课堂教学实践,就如何上好第一节课,为高中生物学新教师提出如下建议:在课前准备阶段,要准确把握课标,深入研读教材,精心设计教案,充分了解学生;在教学实施阶段,要保持良好教态,运用优美语言,进行恰当板书,掌握合理节奏。     

The effect of a problem solving in-service program on the classroom behaviors and attitudes of middle school science teachers

This study examines the effect of an in-service education program emphasizing problem solving on teacher attitudes toward teaching science and on teaching behaviors. Twenty-two middle school science teachers participated in the program and another 22 served as the control group. The two groups were similar in terms of gender, teaching status, educational background, and professional activity during the treatment period. Before and after the eight-month project, subjects completed attitude surveys and recorded videotapes of themselves teaching science lessons. No difference was noted between the groups on the attitude measure. The videotapes were analyzed using a coding scheme developed for use in this study. A multivariate analysis of variance performed on the observational data showed a significant difference between the groups on the postworkshop measure. The experimental-group teachers shifted to more student-centered classrooms, with less lecture and procedural talk. This study provides evidence that an extended in-service education program can affect the teaching behaviors of science teachers in the middle grades.     

浅谈高中语文教师专业化发展

如何培养教师的自我发展意识,让教师自主发展,这已经成为教育研究者的共识。如何提高语文教师和语文教学的专业化水平这是当前课程改革过程中每一个语文教学的研究者和从教者都必须思考的问题。文章紧扣语文课程中教师这一环节,从规划教师职业生涯、更新教学理念、明确语文教师发展方向、开发校本课程进行反思性实践等几个方面探讨语文教师的可持续专业发展的问题。     

What high school biology teachers say about their textbook use: A descriptive study

This article reports the findings from a study that examined how high school biology teachers describe their instructional use of reading and textbooks. In the study, both quantitative and qualitative data were collected—by self-report mail questionnaire and personal interview, respectively. Eighty percent of 184 sampled teachers responded to the questionnaire, and, of these, a subsample of 16 teachers—selected to be broadly representative of the questionnaire sample—were interviewed subsequently with their instructional materials present to increase recall. We found that biology teachers modified their use of textbooks according to the academic level of the biology class that they taught. In lower academic level classes, teachers provided students with many reading activities but expected them to learn biology content in class. In higher academic level classes, teachers expected students to learn from both independent reading and classroom instruction. Biology teachers viewed both reading and inquiry activities as important to learning biology, but they appeared unsure of how to incorporate reading comprehension strategies into their science instruction.     

课程改革背景下中学生物学教师知识结构的构建

本文在讨论了知识结构的基础上,结合中学生物学教师的职业特点和课程改革的需要,探讨了中学生物学教师应具备的知识结构。     

Science related attitudes amongst Victorian catholic primary school teachers

Conclusion This study is preliminary in nature, and the instrument will require some modification to reduce its length and to further increase the reliability of the attitude scale. None-the-less, in addition to replicating some important aspects of previous studies, and introducing a measurement of primary school teachers' science related attitudes, it does provide valuable data prior to the introduction of the new course guides. When used in conjunction with the findings of a similar survey which is to be conducted in 1983, these data will help to assess the impact of the introductory phase of the course in Victorian Schools.     

Queering high school biology textbooks

As teachers committed to educating all students, we need to learn more about how instructional materials shape representations of sexuality and gender. Through its insistent deconstruction of the norms that structure practice and belief, queer theory offers perspectives from which science educators can question assumptions embedded in textbooks. This article applies queer theory to analyze eight biology textbooks used in the United States. Specifically, we ask how biology textbooks address sexuality outside the heterosexual norm and if they propagate heteronormative attitudes. The textbooks examined offer deafening silences, antiseptic factoids, socially sanitized concepts, and politically correct binary‐gendered illustrations. In these textbooks, the term homosexuality was used only in the context of AIDS where, along with iv drug users, they were identified as an affected group. The pervasive acceptance of heteronormative behavior privileges students that fit the heterosexual norm, and oppresses through omission and silence those who do not. We offer implications for practice to help science educators broaden their perspectives on the constructs of sexuality and gender to construct new ways of knowing and understanding differences in science classrooms and the natural world. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 41: 617–636, 2004     

高中生物探究性实验方式的指导

《普通高中生物新课程标准》提出了"倡导探究学习"的理念,把"探究性学习"作为自然科学课程设计和实施中的重要指导思想和教学策略.探究式教学强调学生自主探究.实施探究性实验教学有利于调动学生学习积极性,发展学生思维,培养学生能力.教师要善于进行实验探究方式的指导,充分发挥学生学习的主动性,挖掘学生内在的潜力.     

Learning biology and mathematics outdoors: effects and attitudes in a Swedish high school context

This research suggests that learning biology in an outdoor environment has a positive cognitive and affective impact on 13–15-year-old, Swedish high school pupils. Eighty-five pupils in four classes participated in a quasi-experimental design. Half the pupils, taking a biology course in ecology or diversity of life, had several lessons outdoors and the other half were taught indoors. All of the classes, but one, also had mathematics lessons outdoors once a week. Twenty-one pupils were interviewed five months after the course and all were positive towards the new learning environment they had experienced outdoors in biology and/or mathematics. They also valued the higher degree of interaction among the pupils. Other findings from the interviews were that the pupils from the outdoor classes showed a higher degree of long-term knowledge retention. They remembered both activities and contents better than the pupils in the indoor classes. An essay-type question assessing their biological understanding qualitatively according to the Structure of Observed Learning Outcome taxonomy revealed no differences between the groups. The results are discussed in the light of neurocognitive models of long-term memory.     

论高中化学教师教学反思能力的提升

教学反思能力是新时期高中教师的必备能力.建议通过以下方式提升高中化学教师的教学反思能力:变革培训方式,增强化学培训的学科针对性;增强教师对问题的敏感意识,提升教师捕捉关键问题的能力;做好文本叙事,促进教师对教学实践的深度反思;开展课例研修,以集体反思帮助教师改进教学行为.     

对现阶段中学生物学教师素质结构的分析

素质教育的实施，教师是关键，要提高学生素质，首先就要提高教师自身的素质。学生素质包括许多方面，有身体的、文化的、道德的、心理的、劳技的，及审美塑美等方面的。一句话，就是要全面发展，成为一个具有健全人格的人。教师首先就应该具有这些素质，也应该是一个全面发展和具有健全人格的人。作为教育工作者，教师还应该具有崇高的职业理想，     

中学生物实验的遗憾

生物学实验是学生获取生物知识的最有效手段之一，同时在对学生整体素质的提高方面，起到了非实验教学无法替代的作用。现行的生物课本中安排的生物实验仍有不少的遗憾。     

为高中生物教师专业发展献计策

在新课程改革中,教师专业发展不仅是学生的全面发展乃至社会进步的需要,更是教师自身发展的需要。本文针对促进高中生物教师专业发展提出了策略:1.观念先行,树立教师自主发展的理念。2.加强业务进修和知识更新,提升教师自我发展能力。3.加强教师的交流与合作。4.改革教师教育内容和方式。