共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Huy Phuong Phan 《教育心理学》2008,28(3):325-340
The main aim of this research study was to test out a conceptual model encompassing the theoretical frameworks of achievement goals, study processing strategies, effort, and reflective thinking practice. In particular, it was postulated that the causal influences of achievement goals on academic performance are direct and indirect through study strategies, effort, and reflective thinking. Furthermore, the effects of study strategies on academic performance are hypothesised to be direct and indirect through reflective thinking practice. Participants were 298 (182 females, 116 males) university students. Likert‐response questionnaires were used and data were analysed by means of latent variables approaches. The results provided moderate support for the hypothesised conceptual model. Achievement goals had no direct effects on academic performance, whereas study strategies and reflective thinking directly influenced performance. Mastery goals directly influenced deep processing and effort, whereas performance avoidance and work avoidance influenced surface processing and effort. A one‐way MANOVA indicated, with the exception of understanding, no statistical significance between males and females in the variables. This evidence is theoretically significant as it highlights the mediating mechanism of study strategies and reflective thinking and, more importantly, amalgamates different theoretical frameworks within one study. 相似文献
2.
Teachers’ support of basic psychological needs, self-efficacy, achievement goals, life satisfaction and academic achievement level was measured in a sample of 240 secondary school students (8th and 10th grades). Correlation analysis showed significant positive relations between all of the variables, except for the relation between need support of competence and performance goals. A subsequent path analysis showed that these variables could be accounted for by a structural model that described basic need support as predictors of self-efficacy and achievement goals, which in turn predicted academic achievement level and perceived life satisfaction. Analysis of intra-class correlation and design effect showed that need support of relatedness also was accounted for by class level responses. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed in terms of the importance of basic need support as a predictor of personal motives in educational settings as well as the students adjustment to school and life. 相似文献
3.
本研究通过对保山地区汉、彝、白、傣族初中生的非智力因素的发展水平进行的问卷调查, 探讨了不同民族非智力因素与学习成绩的关系。结果表明: (1) 汉族初中生成绩显著高于彝族、白族、傣族学生; 汉族女生成绩显著高于男生, 而彝族、白族、傣族无显著性别差异; (2) 汉族初中生学习成绩与非智力因素的相关更为密切, 而彝族、白族、傣族除个别项目外其相关未达到显著水平; (3) 对初中三个年级学生学习均有显著影响的因素是注意稳定性。 相似文献
4.
The study examined the incremental validity of thinking styles in predicting academic achievement after controlling for personality and achievement motivation in the hypermedia‐based learning environment. Seventy‐two Chinese college students from Shanghai, the People’s Republic of China, took part in this instructional experiment. The End‐Of‐Semester test was designed to examine the students’ achievement in the course of General Psychology. The results partially supported the hypotheses concerning the relationships between students’ Type I and II thinking styles and their academic achievement in Type I test (including analysis, problem‐solving, and essay tests) and Type II test (including multiple‐choice and cloze tests), and showed that some Type III styles were significantly related to their academic achievement. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the capacity of thinking styles for explaining and predicting academic achievement was sometimes over and above the sum of personality traits and achievement motivation. Implications for educational practice are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Metacognition, achievement goals, study strategies and academic achievement: pathways to achievement 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The purpose of this research was to develop and test a model of effective self-regulated learning. Based on effort expenditure
we discerned effective self-regulators and less effective self-regulators. The model comprised achievement goals (mastery,
performance-approach and -avoidance goals), metacognition (metacognitive knowledge, regulation and experience), study strategies
(metacognitive, deep cognitive, surface cognitive and resource management strategies) and academic achievement. The relationships
in the model were tested with controlling for intellectual ability, gender and age. The results showed that effective self-regulated
learning involved two pathways: a metacognitive and a strategy pathway. The first pathway involved a positive relationship
of mastery goals and a negative relationship of performance-avoidance goals with metacognition. Metacognition positively affected
the use of the four study strategies. The strategy pathway involved positive effects of mastery and performance-approach goals
on the use of metacognitive and deep cognitive strategies. Further, performance-approach goals positively affected the use
of surface cognitive and resource management strategies. The use of metacognitive and resource management strategies had a
positive and the use of surface cognitive strategies had a negative effect on exam scores. 相似文献
6.
Jeanine Romano Tary L. Wallace Ina J. Helmick Lou M. Carey Lisa Adkins 《The Internet and Higher Education》2005,8(4):243
Growth in distance education is increasing the need to examine students' learning strategies in distance and blended learning environments. Students' cramming or spaced-review behaviors were measured and compared across delivery formats as well as examined related to course achievement and attitudes across a term. Although theory would predict that spaced study rather than last minute cramming would yield higher achievement, researchers report mixed findings in both areas. One hundred fifty-seven students in distance and blended course formats were blocked into 5 groups based on their cramming/spaced-review patterns a week prior to each of 3 posttests. Significant differences were observed in cramming/spaced-review behaviors between delivery formats and for achievement and attitudes. 相似文献
7.
ABSTRACTWithin the context of Pintrich’s self-regulated learning model, recent reviews of the literature show that motivational factors are the strongest predictors of academic performance. Even so, gaps remain in terms of which goal orientation constructs area most strongly related to performance, and whether academic self-efficacy is involved in such relationships, either as mediator or moderator. This study addresses these gaps using a sample of 478 university students; 409 females aged 17–62 (M?=?23.28, SD?=?7.22) and 69 males, aged 18–47 (M?=?22.5, SD?=?6.31). Analyses revealed that academic self-efficacy (ASE) mediated relationships between both mastery and performance-approach goal orientation with achievement, though the mediation effect was larger for the relationship involving mastery approach goal orientation. ASE did not moderate the relationship between performance-approach goal orientation and achievement. Findings suggest teaching programmes should foster learning environments that encourage persistence and effort when learning, and consider how course delivery and feedback can enhance academic self-efficacy, regardless of the goal orientation adopted by students. 相似文献
8.
Naomi Weiner‐Levy 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2008,38(4):497-512
This paper examines how exposure to a different culture, acquired knowledge and everyday practices at Israeli universities affected the identities of the ‘First Women’ students from the Druze minority who broke gender roles and turned to acquire higher education. The short distance between the Druze villages and the university required a longer and far more complex journey than the women imagined when they decided to study. The paper analyses ways in which the university atmosphere imparts values, norms, knowledge and practices that enable individuals to reassess their identities. Thirty‐four interviews with Druze women, who were the first in their community or their respective villages to obtain higher education, were analysed, allowing a study of the different experiences and various paths of change and their intricate effects on framing identity. 相似文献
9.
Individual differences in achievement goals: A longitudinal study of cognitive, emotional, and achievement outcomes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lia M. Daniels Tara L. Haynes Robert H. Stupnisky Raymond P. Perry Nancy E. Newall Reinhard Pekrun 《Contemporary educational psychology》2008,33(4):584-608
Within achievement goal theory debate remains regarding the adaptiveness of certain combinations of goals. Assuming a multiple-goals perspective, we used cluster analysis to classify 1002 undergraduate students according to their mastery and performance-approach goals. Four clusters emerged, representing different goal combinations: high mastery/performance (i.e., multiple goals), dominant mastery, dominant performance, and low mastery/performance (i.e., low motivation). In a longitudinal analysis over one academic year, the clusters were compared on cognitive appraisals (expected achievement, perceived success), achievement-related emotions (enjoyment, boredom, anxiety), and objective measures of academic achievement (final grade in Introductory Psychology, GPA). The low-motivation cluster demonstrated the least adaptive profile across all outcomes. The multiple-goals, mastery, and performance clusters showed equivalent levels of achievement; however, students in the performance cluster were more psychologically and emotionally vulnerable than the multiple-goals and mastery clusters. Our discussion focuses on the immediate and potentially long-term implications of specific goal combinations for students and educators, with particular attention to understanding the cognitive and emotional vulnerabilities of students in the performance cluster which appear despite satisfactory achievement levels. 相似文献
10.
《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2012,36(7):989-1007
AbstractAlthough the number of engineering students is increasing, dropout rates remain high. This problem is also present in the Faculty of Engineering Technology (FET) at KU Leuven, Belgium, which resulted in the need for an in-depth analysis of the academic achievement of the bridging students there. This study examines the contribution of a range of predictors, both cognitive and non-cognitive. The examined predictors are: general characteristics, academic background variables and variables tested in a diagnostic test. A multiple linear regression model for the 2015–2016 chohort accounted for an explained variance of 36% of the students’ academic achievement. After combining three cohorts, we managed to explain 43% of the variance in students’ academic achievement. As expected, the academic background variables are the most important predictors. The diagnostic tests are less predictive but their role is important, since they encourage students to participate in associated interventions. 相似文献
11.
This study examined the longitudinal reciprocal relations between academic self-concept, achievement goals (i.e., performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and mastery), and achievement (i.e., self-reported grades) in mathematics. The research aim was twofold. First, we examined the confound hypothesis, which states that performance-approach goals do not feature any incremental validity in predicting achievement over and above students' competence perceptions (i.e., academic self-concept). In addition, we expanded research on the confound hypothesis by also investigating performance-avoidance and mastery goals. Second, we investigated the predictive validity of all three achievement goals for changes in academic self-concept. Seven hundred sixty-nine students (50.78% female) attending the highest track of the German three-tier secondary school system participated in three waves of measurement in Grades 5, 6, and 8. Our findings confirmed the confound hypothesis: Performance-approach goals did not explain achievement over and above academic self-concept. The same findings applied to performance-avoidance and mastery goals. Furthermore, performance-approach goals were positively related to academic self-concept changes, whereas performance-avoidance goals showed a negative relation to academic self-concept changes over time. Mastery goals were not associated to changes in academic self-concept. Academic self-concept and achievement showed positive reciprocal relations. To conclude, our results point to complex relations between achievement goals, academic self-concept, and academic achievement over time. 相似文献
12.
The paper attempts to determine whether there are significant gender differences in academic performance among undergraduate students in a large public university in Turkey based on three indicators; university entrance scores, performance in the English preparatory school and in the program the student is majoring in. The paper finds that a smaller number of female students manage to enter the university and when they do so, they enter with lower scores. However, once they are admitted to the university, they excel in their studies and outperform their male counterparts. This result holds after controlling for the field of study and individual attributes. 相似文献
13.
This study examined situation-specific coping strategies of students with different achievement goals as they take part in
inquiry learning. A case study was conducted in a Finnish elementary school. 21 ten-year-old students participated in the
study. Two types of data were collected: (1) Students self-reported questionnaires on achievement goals, (2) Video data on
the students' learning processes and social interaction. The results revealed the importance of a situative perspective in
instructional design, since the students not only differed in their coping attempts regarding their initial goals but also
according to their individual situational interpretations that mediated their active coping attempts. Some of the non-learning-focused
students had difficulties engaging in the working procedures. A lack of teacher's concrete and precise guidance in both cognitive
and motivational sense appeared to explain this phenomenon. 相似文献
14.
The influence of achievement goals and social goals on help-seeking from peers in an academic context was examined in two studies. A total of 551 high school students participated in the two studies. The results across the studies demonstrated strong convergence, revealing that mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, and friendship-approach goals were positive predictors of instrumental help-seeking, whereas performance-avoidance and friendship-avoidance goals were negative predictors. Study 2 additionally demonstrated that attitudes toward help-seeking mediate the influence of achievement and social goals on instrumental help-seeking. These results add to the body of work investigating achievement and social motivation together to more fully understand motivational influences on academic outcomes. 相似文献
15.
AbstractThe study reported here examined college students’ academic self-efficacy, ‘academic press’ and learning achievement, as well as the association between these three variables within learning contexts using interactive whiteboard-based instruction. A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a sample (n = 103) of first-year college students in China. Participants were taught English by either an interactive whiteboard-based or traditional lecture-based instructional approach for three months. The results showed that the interactive whiteboard-based instructional intervention cultivated higher levels of academic press and academic self-efficacy among students and a significant, positive correlation was identified between these two variables. Students’ learning achievement was not affected by the instructional intervention. These results indicate that interactive whiteboard-based instruction offers some distinct benefits. In future work, additional research is needed to clarify how the instructional model relates to understanding learning achievement. 相似文献
16.
张静 《河南科技学院学报》2012,(4):81-85
对河南省四所高中782名学生英语学习适应性的问卷调查结果表明:高中生英语学习适应性在具体维度上有显著的性别效应;人格特征中的外向性、宜人性、开放性与英语学习适应性呈显著正相关,学业自我效能中的语言学业自我效能与学习适应性呈显著正相关,数学学业自我效能与英语学习适应性的相关性极低且不显著;人格特征、学业自我效能感对英语学习适应性有显著的预测作用;高中生的学业成绩和学业自我效能感在人格特征与英语学习适应性之间起着中介作用。 相似文献
17.
学术创新:高校学报的生存价值--高校学报生存与发展思路 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年来,我国有些高校学报逐渐由“学术性刊物”演变成了“学校内部刊物”,科学求实的学术精神被淡化,有的甚至还凶这合了学术界中不健康的急功近利的浮躁和虚夸之风;高校学报界对学报整体质量问题重出版形式而少谈学术内容和方法论的规范,致使学报的学术质量提高缓慢,甚至出现不断下滑的现象,因此,应从学报的办刊思想、管理体制等方面进行果断改革,敞开门来,走向社会,走向世界,只有根据中国社会发展和世界学术研究进展的实际情况,不断调整研究方向,研究课题和研究方法,才有可能办出特色,办出精品。 相似文献
18.
In this study the effects of learning approaches, locus of control (LOC), socio-economic status and self-efficacy on undergraduate students in North Cyprus was investigated. Four questionnaires were administered on 99 students in order to collect data regarding the learning approaches, LOC, self-efficacy and demographic factors. High cumulative grade point average and self-efficacy were shown to be an indicator of academic achievement and high self-efficacy was related to the use of deep approach (DA). Students, whose mothers had lower levels of education, were found to also predict academic success. No direct significant relationship between DA and academic achievement was found. 相似文献
19.
Adopting a combination of expectancy-value and achievement goal theories, this study examined the role of self-efficacy, task value, and achievement goals in students’ learning strategies, task disengagement, peer relationship, and English achievement outcome. A sample of 1475 Year-9 students participated in the study. A structural equation model showed that while task value predicted only mastery goals, self-efficacy predicted each of the three types of achievement goal. Mastery and performance-approach goals were both positive predictors of deep learning and peer relationship. Mastery goals were also negatively associated with task disengagement and positively associated with surface learning. In contrast, performance-avoidance goals were a positive predictor of surface learning and task disengagement but a negative predictor of peer relationship. On the whole, these findings suggest that, like mastery goals, performance-approach goals can generate adaptive outcomes. 相似文献
20.
Does home-based family involvement influence academic performance? To answer this question, a case study research was carried out with 96 children from all six levels of primary education at a public school, and their families. Data regarding home-based family involvement were collected using a questionnaire. Academic achievement was measured from school marks. The results reveal that, apart from two of the factors considered, home–family involvement as a whole is not significantly related to academic achievement. These two factors are access to informal education resources and parents’ employment. Family involvement related to the access of children to informal education resources is significantly related to a better academic achievement. Those students with both parents working perform best, and those with none working, worst. Although gender does not appear to significantly influence academic achievement and family involvement, the results show that girls attain better school performance and receive more family attention than boys. 相似文献