大学的理念和科学民主的价值

本文从跨文化的角度,比较了中西大学的传统及其现代影响,分析了西方中世纪大学民主和求真的传统。作者还简要讨论了“科学与民主”的理念思想如何通过北京大学的传统影响中国社会的现代化的进程,以及在新的时代如何坚持这一理念和传统。     

THE CHANGING FACE OF THE UNIVERSITY AND THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF TEACHING AND RESEARCH

As everyone knows, the aims and the goals of university life are quite frequently contradictory. This characteristic is no less true of the internationalization of higher education by means of various forms of international co‐operation: faculty and student exchanges and the like. Often the universities of given nations will engage in such ventures so that they and their backers, specific national enterprises, can gain a competitive edge, one over the other, in areas that produce short‐term wealth for specific interests rather than long‐term solutions to such vital world problems as the destruction of the ozone layer, air and water pollution, and the depletion of vital natural resources. Academics who are true internationalists will see to it that solutions for these and for other “real” problems of mankind are given first priority.     

多元函数极值求法探讨

利用方向导数、梯度及内积、二次型三种方法分别判别函数极值,通过二元函数求极值的方法介绍多元函数极值的求法.     

CONSTRUCTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE RECOMBINANT OF THE AAV VECTOR AND HUMAN INTERFERON-GAMMA

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｎＡｄｅｎｏ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｖｉｒｕｓ(ＡＡＶ)ｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｉｓｃｏｍｐｏｓｅｄｏｆｔｈｒｅｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｓａｎｄａｌｉｎ ｅａｒ ,ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ｓｔｒａｎｄｅｄＤＮＡ (ｓｓＤＮＡ)ｇｅｎｏｍｅｏｆａｐｐｒｏｘｉｍａｔｅｌｙ 4 .7ｋｂ .ＡＡＶｉｓａｄｅｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｈｕ ｍａｎｐａｒｖｏｖｉｒｕｓｔｈａｔｎｏｒｍａｌｌｙｒｅｐｌｉｃａｔｅｓｐｒｏｄｕｃ ｔｉｖｅｌｙｏｎｌｙｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｃｅｏｆｈｅｌｐｅｒｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ…     

古籍亡残因由小考

中国历代典籍，多历磨劫，隋人牛弘就曾括之为“五厄”。唐人封演，对历代典籍之聚散，记述得尤为详细。其后，宋人洪迈，宋、元之际的周密，对此问题，均亦有所叙述，而明人胡元瑞则另举出典籍之“五厄”，于是，古来典籍，到明时已达“十厄”之多！综合各家之论，古籍亡残因由，不外乎是：统治者之专断；管理不善；兵匪之乱及私家藏书之不尽完美等等。其中，尤以统治者的政治举措所带来之厄运为甚     

网络教育资源建设网络教师培训及其展望

网络教育是教育的新领域 ,综观国内外网络教育技术 ,网络教育教学资源建设 ,信息化社会中小学教师培训研究现状 ,了解网络教育目前存在的问题和发展趋势 ,有利于我国网络教育资源的优化配置 ,使网络培训事业沿着健康的轨道向前发展     

THE DECLARATION OF HELSINKI AND THE UNIVERSITIES OF EUROPE

The 13th Bi‐annual Conference of the Standing Conference of Rectors and Vice‐Chancellors of European Universities (CRE), held on 21‐22 October 1976 in Athens, discussed the problem of co‐operation between European universities in view of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe.

The participants put more emphasis on the removal of obstacles to existing forms of links between universities than on seeking new ways of inter‐university co‐operation.

Two papers were presented during the conference:

• “Necessity and evolution in the European Scientific Community” by Professor Zygmunt Rybicki, Rector of Warsaw University;

• “Difficulties in European Inter‐University Co‐Operation” by Professor Jean Tuscoz, President of Nice University.

The Bureau of CRE prepared a report “The Declaration of Helsinki and the Universities in Europe”, on which the information below is based, It gives an idea of the present state of development of relations between universities in Eastern and Western Europe.     

汉士族与慕容氏政权

慕容氏政权前期 ,汉士族发挥着特殊、重大的作用 ,成为重要的权力阶层 ,分掌政务 ,使慕容氏政权呈现出强烈的汉化倾向 ,被认为是五胡十六国时少数部族汉化的代表。但是 ,纵观慕容氏政权始末 ,就会发现其根深蒂固的民族性 ,使前后期的政权结构发生巨大变化     

矿业院校开办资源环境与城乡规划管理专业实践与改革——以安徽理工大学为例

通过介绍安徽理工大学资源环境与城乡规划管理专业(以下简称资环专业)办学背景、办学现状和专业办学的教学实践与教学改革过程。结合多年来专业的就业情况,提出依托传统专业、发挥优势专业,调整专业定位,优化专业课程体系,巩固专业办学效果。     

划转院校改革发展的实践与思考

高校管理体制改革是我国高等教育改革的重点和难点。划转院校在新体制下，主动适应地方经济社会发展要求，抓住机遇，调整思路，科学定位，深化改革，加快发展。论述了划转院校办学实践经验，同时也指出了存在的突出问题和困难以及解决问题的对策。     

知识的不确定性及其增长--析波普对知识论寻求确定性的批判

传统知识论一直是寻求确定性知识并为之辩护的事业,波普－反传统知识论追求确定性知识的思路,认为全部的知识都是猜测性的,具有不确定性,我们必须放弃对确定性以及知识的可靠基础的寻求,在批判的反驳中推进知识的增长。波普知识论中对知识不确定性的接受与对批判理性主义的保留,对我们反思知识中传统理性主义的片面性,当代极端的相对主义和知识的本性都具有启发意义。     

RELIGION AND THE FREEDOM OF THE MIND

The conference did not, of course, attempt to arrive at a consensus upon neat answers to the questions raised. Any summary would be inadequate, outstanding impressions would include:

The violations of freedom of the mind inflicted by religion were frankly faced

Narrow and restrictive loyalties other than religious were also charged with violations

Complete freedom of the mind was seriously challenged as being humanly impossible

Commitment to high religion was commended as not incompatible with human freedom

The strengthening of positive religious conviction was urged as the essential foundation of a society in which freedom might endure     

TELEVISION AND THE EDUCATION OF THE YOUNG

This paper, from the 1979 Conference, ‘Television In Society’ begins by defining the educational process as one of persisting, despite initial failures, to acquire understanding or mastery, and underlining the uniqueness of each individual learner. The author reports on the results of a one‐year study of the viewing habits of pre‐school children. Little ‘rising fives’ are such heavy viewers that they must feel a sense of loss when school attendance deprives them of ‘their’ television, perhaps the most valuable ‘child‐minder’ of all. Television delights these veteran under‐five viewers and provides an aid that parents and teachers can welcome; it also seems to stimulate little or no ‘participation’ and to inhibit language skills. Older children are also voracious viewers, but the author's experience suggests that television does not of itself inhibit reading and that to blame violent behaviour on viewing of violence is humbug. In conclusion it is suggested that educators are as yet failing to recognize the paramount importance of television in children's lives: there is an urgent need for education to acknowledge this in its curricula and for children (and adults) to find out more about how television is created. The Educational Television Association could play an important role here.