国内第二语言阅读词汇附带习得实证研究综述

近年来,国内有研究者针对阅读中的词汇附带习得现象,从学习者的二语综合水平、阅读任务、认知过程、输出任务和目标词的输出频率几个方面,进行了各种大胆的实验设计和实证研究。以往的研究证明"投入量"的制定必须考虑时间及学习者外语水平因素对词汇习得的影响,二语综合水平和词汇知识水平与二语阅读过程中词汇附带习得呈正相关,"投入量"假设在网络阅读环境中具有可行性,专注于意义的自然阅读有助于词汇附带习得,输出任务对促进词汇习得有显著作用,阅读词汇附带习得是频率累计习得的过程。这些研究结果给二语词汇学习及教学提供了有益的启示。     

二语词汇习得中石化现象的认知分析

二语词汇习得中的石化现象是一个普遍存在的问题,对学习者信心具有重要的影响,探讨该问题具有现实的意义。从认知角度看,按照二语习得的三阶段模型,首先是二语的母语对等词目的存在阻碍了二语词目信息进一步地整合融入词条,其次是二语习得者对母语词中介作用的依赖。为克服二语词汇习得过程中的石化问题,应该激发学习动机,消除二语词汇习得的情感障碍,重视词汇输入和输出,建立并丰富词汇的概念网络,并减少母语负迁移作用。     

语言输出视野中的二语词汇附带习得实证研究

本文就输出与输入理论对二语阅读中的附带词汇的隐性、显性学习进行了实证研究。结果表明,语言输出对附带词汇习得的显性度起着非常重要的作用,语言输出的附带词汇习得的效果明显好于语言输入。     

Swain的输出假设对二语词汇习得的影响及其对教学的启示

文章首先对Swain的输出假设理论进行了概述,然后分析了Swain的输出假设对二语词汇习得的影响及其对教学的启示,包括二语词汇习得存在的问题、Swain的输出假设对二语词汇习得的影响、Swain的输出假设对二语词汇习得教学的启示。     

二语习得中的输入、吸收和输出

在二语习得过程中,输入、吸收和输出是其必要的关键环节。Krashen的"输入假设"认为足量的可理解性输入是语言习得的必要条件,但将语言输入视为语言习得的唯一途径;Swain的"输出假设"主张可理解性输出在二语习得过程中具有同样重要的作用。吸收是介于目标语输入和学习者中介语规则系统之间的一个有选择性的过程,被理解的语言输入并不等同于吸收,对语言输入的深加工有利于将其更好地转化为吸收。本文拟用信息加工理论的学习流程对二语学习环节中的输入、吸收和输出做出阐释,分析其在二语习得中的作用。     

第二语言词汇习得的形态加工研究

二语词汇的形态是二语词汇习得中的重要研究内容,也是二语词汇习得研究中词汇的一个重要变量。二语词汇的视觉信息加工过程非常复杂,不同的词汇形态会导致不同的加工方式,从而产生不同的学习效果,形态效应广泛存在于二语词汇习得中,对不同水平的学习者作用各不相同。二语词汇形态的相似处、派生词与屈折词的加工等方面都是二语词汇习得研究的热点。除了二语词汇本身是一个多水平变量,二语词汇学习的效果也受到语言学习本身的综合影响,因此,词频、词汇输入的增显、单词象形等其他因素在词汇研究中也是重点研究的对象,词汇的多模态输入也会影响到二语词汇形态的加工。     

输出在英语词汇教学中的重要作用

Swain的“理解输出假设”（The Comprehensible Output Hypothesis）理论的提出促使二语研究者及学习者开始重视输出在二语习得中的重要作用。在英语词汇教学中,我们往往强调输入（即听和读）的重要性而忽视输出（即说和写）在词汇习得中的重要作用。本文意在阐述输出在词汇教学中的重鼗作用,指出输出与词汇教学的有机结合是实现高效词汇教学的必要途径。     

词汇附带习得对大学英语听力教学的启示

近年来,词汇附带习得已经成为二语学习中习得词汇的重要方法。本文试图探究英语听力训练过程中学习者词汇附带习得的情况,并深入比较不同输出任务类型是否会影响词汇附带习得的效果。研究结果显示,学习者能够在听力训练过程中附带习得一定词汇,且笔头输出与口头输出习得附带词汇效果更佳。     

基于频率的二语习得观对二语词汇学习的启示

二语词汇一直处于学习的中心地位,但词汇学习的现状仍不容乐观.以频率为基础的二语习得观,强调频率对词汇学习的重要作用.本文从频率的角度出发探讨学习哪些词汇、怎样学习以及如何加强词汇输出,来实现提高词汇学习的能力、发展学习词汇的策略以及增强词汇运用能力的目的.     

从建构主义理论看第二语言习得语言输入与输出

语言输入与输出在第二语言习得中起着重要的作用。对这二者的研究已成为二语习得研究中不可分割的组成部分。在建构主义理论框架下,人们对第二语言习得的语言输入及输出的研究有了新的视角,认为在语言输入和语言输出过程中,二语学习者都发挥着积极主动的作用。在语言输入的过程中,二语学习者不再是被动消极地吸收语言知识,而是积极主动地去建构不同于以前的新的语言知识体系。二语学习者在二语输出过程中,更能体现出其主动建构的行为。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…