生物质成型燃料锅炉的结构特性研究

为了提高了锅炉的燃烧效率和热效率,根据生物质成型燃料特性及燃烧规律的试验分析,采用链条炉排,增强了炉膛燃烧强度;高且加长的的炉膛使得生物质成型燃料在炉膛内燃烧的燃烬程度增加：通过热工计算设计了生物质成型燃料锅炉,达到了设计的目的。     

植物秸秆燃料特性分析

通过分析植物秸秆与煤炭燃烧特性,得出植物秸秆燃烧特性主要受本身的化学特性控制。比较了不同植物秸秆燃烧结渣特性,指出主要碱金属和氯元素对燃烧设备所产生的影响,并提出相应的解决办法。     

煤液化过程热解动力学特性的研究

煤的热重实验数据动力学分析表明，煤热解反应由在三个一级反应构成，即两个热分解反应和一个热缩聚反应。以log[-log(1-a)]=log(AE/Rφ）－0.054E/T-2.884作动力学模型，计算出煤的热解特性参数，热解各阶段的表观活化能Ea，反应速率常数K，指前因子A，以及最大失重率F，最大反应速率Rm%和反应活性参数Ra,作为表征煤热解反应活性的指标，Ra越大或Rm越大，则煤的反应活性越好。由TG和DTG曲线定义Tb和Tf两个温度可以初步确定煤液化反应温度区间为：杨村煤390－480℃、神木煤425－525℃。     

磷酸二氢钠抑制煤自燃特性实验研究

为了掌握磷酸二氢钠对煤自燃氧化的抑制特性,以气煤和肥煤作为实验煤样,采用煤自燃程序升温氧化实验和同步热分析实验,分别从阻化率、指标气体生成规律、热失重特性及放热特性角度分析了各煤种添加磷酸二氢钠前后的自燃氧化特性。程序升温氧化实验结果表明:对气煤和肥煤自燃抑制效果最佳的NaH_2PO_4阻化剂质量分数分别为20%和15%,对应阻化率可达到66.61%和83.06%。磷酸二氢钠能够明显地抑制各煤种自燃氧化过程中CO以及烃类气体的产生。同步热分析实验结果表明:磷酸二氢钠可提高煤自燃的特征温度(干裂温度、着火温度和燃尽温度等),抑制煤自燃氧化过程的热失重。此外,磷酸二氢钠降低了煤自燃最大释热功率,削弱了煤自燃过程中的放热程度。     

一块可以燃烧的煤

一位西方作家说,一个人的智慧不是一个器具,等待老师去填满;而是一块可以燃烧的煤,有待老师去点燃。     

石油焦与煤在循环流化床中混合燃烧时SO2排放试验研究

在一热输入为0.6MW的循环流化床燃烧中试装置上进行了石油焦与煤混合燃烧和脱硫试验研究，得到燃料中石油焦与煤质量混合比、过量空气系数、床层温度、一次风率和钙硫摩尔比等参数对SO2排放的影响规律，结果表明，混合燃料中掺焦比例越大，混合燃料的硫含量越高，SO2排放浓度越高；纯烧石油焦时SO2排放浓度最高，对不同配比的混合燃料，随过量空气系数、一次风率和Ca／S摩尔比增大，SO2排放浓度降低，830-850℃的床温对脱硫最为有利，在燃用石油焦与煤质量混合比尺为1和3的混合燃料时可获得最低SO2排放。     

两种我国常见生物质的热解特性研究

联用动态热重分析(TG)和微商热重分析(DTG)研究米糠和木屑的热解特性,结果表明:米糠试样和木屑试样的热解发生在200℃~500℃之间,分两步进行.通过分析对比米糠和木屑的热解特征曲线得出,米糠试样相对于木屑试样具有较高的难挥发组分含量和较低的热稳定性.     

卧式燃煤锅炉改烧生物质燃料后燃烧系统的改造

针对卧式燃煤锅炉改烧生物质燃料后出现的效率低等问题,通过对一台 DZL41．25 AⅡ锅炉的燃烧系统进行改造,采取增加预燃室、设计二次通风系统和加装热管式空气预热器等措施,使其燃烧系统适于燃烧生物质燃料。改造后锅炉热效率从改造前的61％提高到73％,节能效果明显。     

稻壳制备生物质碳对水中六价铬的吸附特性研究

研究了稻壳制备生物质碳对水中六价铬的吸附特性.探讨了稻壳生物质炭粒径、投加量、溶液pH值、铬（Ⅵ）初始浓度、反应温度和吸附时间对去除效率的影响.结果表明在20mL 0.20mg/L铬（Ⅵ）溶液中,稻壳生物质炭投加量为0.10g、温度为40℃、pH为2、反应时间60min时,稻壳生物质炭对水中六价铬的吸附容量最高,可达8.90mg/g.稻壳生物质炭对铬（Ⅵ）的吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温式,该吸附过程符合二级动力学方程.     

低浓度煤矿瓦斯的脉动燃烧技术

从低浓度煤矿瓦斯燃烧利用出发,结合脉动燃烧技术和国内外资料,设计出一套Helmholtz型脉动燃烧器。阐述了该燃烧器的设计,并介绍了燃烧过程中温度、压力和烟气测量系统,最终成功完成了低浓度瓦斯的稳定脉动燃烧。     

Emissions of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds from residential coal combustion in China

Emissions of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and carbonyls from residential coal combustion of five coals with different maturities were studied in a simulated room.The coals were burned in form of honeycomb briquettes in a domestic coal stove,one of the most common fuel/stove combinations in China.Through a dilution system,VOCs and carbonyls samples were collected by canisters and silica-gel cartridges and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrum （GC/MS） and high performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet （HPLC/UV）,respectively.The results show that the bituminous coals with medium volatile matter content produce the highest emissions while the anthracite yields the lowest.Among the identified carbonyls from the coal smoke,the aromatic compounds （benzaldehyde,2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde and p-tolualdehyde,m/o-tolualdehyde,benzene,m,p-xylene and trimethyl-benzene） were relatively abundant,which might be due to the molecular structure of the coal.For formaldehyde,aromatic carbonyls and aliphatic alkanes,their concentrations increase up to the maximum values and then decrease with increasing coal maturity.The total carbonyls and VOCs have the same tendency,which was observed for the emission factors of organic carbon （OC）,elemental carbon （EC）,particulate matter （PM） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） detected in the series study.     

Performance of PAHs emission from bituminous coal combustion

Carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated in coal combustion have caused great environmental health concern. Seventeen PAHs (16 high priority PAHs recommended by USEPA plus Benzo[e]pyrene) present in five raw bituminous coals and released during bituminous coal combustion were studied. The effects of combustion temperature, gas atmosphere, and chlorine content of raw coal on PAHs formation were investigated. Two additives (copper and cupric oxide) were added when the coal was burned. The results indicated that significant quantities of PAHs were produced from incomplete combustion of coal pyrolysis products at high temperature, and that temperature is an important causative factor of PAHs formation. PAHs concentrations decrease with the increase of chlorine content in oxygen or in nitrogen atmosphere. Copper and cupric oxide additives can promote PAHs formation (especially the multi-ring PAHs) during coal combustion.     

Performance of PAHs emission from bituminous coal combustion

Carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated in coal combustion have caused great environmental health concern. Seventeen PAHs (16 high priority PAHs recommended by USEPA plus Benzo[e]pyrene) present in five raw bituminous coals and released during bituminous coal combustion were studied. The effects of combustion temperature, gas atmosphere, and chlorine content of raw coal on PAHs formation were investigated. Two additives (copper and cupric oxide) were added when the coal was burned. The results indicated that significant quantities of PAHs were produced from incomplete combustion of coal pyrolysis products at high temperature, and that temperature is an important causative factor of PAHs formation. PAHs concentrations decrease with the increase of chlorine content in oxygen or in nitrogen atmosphere. Copper and cupric oxide additives can promote PAHs formation (especially the multi-ring PAHs) during coal combustion.     

Flame radiant image numeralization for pulverized coal combustion in BF raceway

1 Introduction 1 For pulverized coal injected into a blast furnace, the space from the outlet of the coal gun to the center of the raceway is the key district for the coal’s burning and also for works to probe hearth state. Remarkable achievements have been made in research on numerical simulation of combustion processes [1], but further advances are hindered owing to the limits of the means to examine three-dimension parameter distribution in the furnace. Temperature is the most basic parame…     

自燃煤层窄煤柱综采工作面综合防灭火技术

分析了窄煤柱开采条件下,自燃煤层综采工作面容易发生自燃的地点及引起自燃发火的因素,介绍了针对以上地点不同的发火因素,所采取的包括均压灭火、埋管灌浆、注水、顶板走向钻孔灌浆等综合防灭火技术的应用及取得的效果。     

煤中添加 NH4 Br 对气相汞氧化脱除及脱硝的实验研究

为脱除烟气中的气相汞和 NOx,进行了贵州无烟煤中添加 NH4 Br 对烟气汞氧化脱除协同脱硝的实验研究．在热重分析仪上研究添加 NH4 Br 对着火温度和燃烧特性的影响．在6 kW 流化床燃烧（FBC）试验装置上研究了在煤中不同 NH4 Br 添加量对气相汞氧化脱除的影响．采用安大略法（OHM）对烟气中汞形态浓度进行了测定并得出汞质量平衡．结果表明,添加 NH4 Br 对贵州无烟煤的着火温度没有影响．原煤燃烧汞质量平衡率为95．47％,颗粒汞 Hgp、气态 Hg0和 Hg2＋比例分别为75．28％,11．60％,13．12％．由于飞灰中含有较高的未燃尽碳,烟气中 Hgp 浓度较高．随着 NH4 Br 添加量从0增加至0．3％,烟气中气态 Hg0和 Hg2＋减少,Hgp 相应增加．Hg0的氧化率与煤中 Br 的添加量成正相关．这表明煤燃烧中添加 NH4 Br 可促进 Hg0的氧化和脱除．烟气中 NOx 随着 NH4 Br 的添加呈减小趋势,其脱除率在0．3％添加量时达最大（17．31％）．添加 NH4 Br 同时具有协同脱硝的作用．     

红庙煤矿自燃火灾的综合防治

分析了易燃煤层在开采过程中自燃发火的原因,介绍了注浆、注砂、均压通风等七种防灭火技术在红庙煤矿的综合应用.     

微机量热仪的点火控制方式对发热量测值的影响

国产微机量热仪不同的点火方式对煤的发热量测值有着显著影响．通过与国标方法对比分析，总结得出搅拌5min再点火是较合理的点火方式，从而解决了国产微机量热仪测值偏高的问题，为煤炭以质计价提供了公正可靠的计量方法．