Constructivist Early Education for Moral Development

In this article, we examine the role constructivist teachers play in fostering moral development in young children. Drawing on Piaget's theory and related empirical research, we trace the development of perspective-taking, autonomy, and self-regulation, and examine the effects of different teaching and parenting practices on children's moral development. We then provide examples of autonomous moral reasoning and behavior in preschool and early primary grade children, and describe how teachers can promote optimal moral development through establishing a sociomoral atmosphere in which mutual respect is continually practiced.     

The moral implications of teacher-child discourse in early childhood classrooms

The ways teachers engage children in discourse during teaching-learning activities have profound moral implications for children's learning and development. The goals of this article are (1) to explicate how teachers' control over classroom discourse patterns during teaching-learning activities influences the types of knowledge children create and acquire; (2) to examine the relationship between two types of teacher-child discourse commonly used in early childhood classrooms and the semiotic tools children appropriate through participation in each type of discourse; and (3) to outline the moral implications each has for children's learning and development. A framework for considering the moral implications of the ways teachers engage children in discourse during teaching-learning activities in early childhood classrooms is presented.     

Early years teachers’ epistemic beliefs and beliefs about children’s moral learning

There is strong political and social interest in values education both internationally and across Australia. Investment in young children is recognised as important for the development of moral values for a cohesive society; however, little is known about early years teachers’ beliefs about moral values teaching and learning. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationships between Australian early years teachers’ epistemic beliefs and their beliefs about children’s moral learning. Three hundred and seventy-nine teachers completed a survey about their personal epistemic beliefs and their beliefs about children’s moral learning. Results indicated that teachers with more sophisticated epistemic beliefs viewed children as capable of taking responsibility for their own moral learning. Conversely, teachers who held more naïve or simplistic personal epistemic beliefs agreed that children need to learn morals through learning the rules for behaviour. Results are discussed in terms of the implications for moral pedagogy in the classroom and teacher professional development. It is suggested that in conjunction with explicitly reflecting on epistemic beliefs, professional development may need to assist teachers to ascertain how their beliefs might relate to their moral pedagogies in order to make any adjustments.     

浅析新时期加强高校师德建设

高校的师德建设影响着教师队伍的整体素质,关系到高校教育事业改革与发展的成败。高校师德建设是落实科学发展观和科教兴国发展战略的重要工程,是大学文化、教育精神和教师形象的永恒主题。新时期加强高校师德建设,对适应社会发展、精神文明建设和师资队伍培养等都有着重要的现实意义。充分认识高校师德建设在新时期的地位与作用,站在新时期的高度审视高校师德建设的丰富内涵,积极探索加强和改进高校师德建设的运行机制,是新时期高校各项工作面临的重要课题。     

幼儿园一日活动中的德育工作开展策略探究

幼儿园是幼儿学习知识、接受教育的主阵地,在一日生活中,教师要做好德育工作,引导幼儿养成良好的行为习惯,形成良好的道德意识。文章对幼儿园德育进行概述,探讨幼儿园德育工作的开展,指出教师要在一日生活中渗透德育,在游戏中渗透德育,在节日活动中渗透德育,在家园合力中渗透德育。     

从“听”故事到“说”故事——道德叙事的心理解构和建构

在传统故事法的基础上,道德教育叙事取向主张使学生拥有更多更复杂的道德原型和隐喻,促进其叙事意识和道德感悟;主张道德叙事与儿童心理发展的契合,并围绕叙事素材的道德特征进行主题提炼和主题理解的教学;道德叙事教学应使儿童从道德故事的听(读)者转变为叙事者,着眼于儿童道德自我的解构与建构,开展合作与对话。     

Policies,Agendas, and Practices Influencing Doctoral Education in Physical Education Teacher Education

ABSTRACT

If teaching physical education is a moral activity, it follows that there is a moral component to the preparation of teachers of physical education and thus a moral component to the preparation of teacher educators. In this article, I examine the major policies, agendas, and practices that influence doctoral preparation in physical education teacher education. I argue from both a utilitarian and realist perspective that we can best serve children and youth in schools by being knowledgeable of the contexts and effects of these policies, agendas, and practices in educating future professors of physical education teacher education.     

Epistemic beliefs and beliefs about teaching practices for moral learning in the early years of school: relationships and complexities

While investment in young children is recognised as important for the development of moral values for a cohesive society, little is known about early years teaching practices that promote learning of moral values. This paper reports on observations and interviews with 11 Australian teachers, focusing on their epistemic beliefs and beliefs about teaching practices for moral education with children aged 5–8 years. The analysis revealed three main patterns of thinking about moral education: following others, reflecting on points of view, and informing reflection for action. These patterns suggest a relationship between epistemic beliefs and beliefs about teaching practices for moral learning which have implications for teacher professional development concerning experiences in moral education.     

生成性视阈下的教师职业道德及策略研究

教师职业道德是教师专业发展的一个重要组成部分。＂教师不是一个道德家＂是认识教师职业道德的起点。生成论认为教师职业道德是一个发展的过程：从＂道德服从＂、＂道德同化＂到＂道德内化＂,从＂道德感性认知＂到＂道德理性认知＂,从＂道德他律＂、＂道德自律＂到＂道德自由＂。为此,需要树立生成的教师职业道德信念,提升教师的职业道德自觉意识,营造和谐的教师职业道德文化。     

Teachers and Issues of Sexual Orientation

This exploratory paper seeks to examine some of the effects of a differing sexual orientation on teachers’ daily lives in the staffroom and classroom. The data analysed were mainly collected in interviews with gay and lesbian teachers. It is hoped that by opening up some of the issues surrounding teachers and sexual orientations, this paper will help to lessen the stigma so typically attached to gays and lesbians who work in occupations that deal with young children or in jobs that entail moral responsibility.     

儿童道德价值的生成——一个值得社会优先关注的话题

儿童道德价值的形成是不同文化背景的国家必须面对的共同问题，作者在综合他人方法的基础上，提出了把社会已接受的道德价值移入儿童的一种模式，倡导儿童道德价值生成的重要性，认为学校是道德训练和道德发展的主场所，儿童道德价值的生成需要教师、教育顾问、教育家和父母的共同努力才能达成。     

农村学前教育师资状况的调查与分析——以河北省为例

幼儿教师是孩子进入集体教育机构的第一任教师,思想品德要求高、专业技能性强,他们的一言一行、一举一动都对孩子有着重要的影响。教师的质量决定着学前教育的质量,有限的资源应优先用于教师队伍建设。目前农村幼儿教师队伍存在学历低、工资低、培训少、技能缺等问题,这些问题直接影响农村学前教育又好又快的发展,因此,培养一支师德高尚、热爱儿童、业务精良、结构合理的幼儿教师队伍,是学前教育事业健康发展的关键。     

道德教育中道德图式的建构

道德图式是个体对知识、经验等加工而建构起来的道德知识结构,在儿童的道德发展中起着过滤、解释、定向、整合作用。基于现代图式理论,在道德教育中,教师了解儿童原有的道德图式及其发展水平、关注儿童的道德经验和生活环境、重视意识与无意识的交互作用、引导多维度的道德学习,并通过激活道德叙事、引发道德对话、增进道德体验等策略的综合运用,可以促进道德图式的建构。     

浅析幼儿道德品质在幼儿园游戏活动中的渗透

如何解决幼儿园游戏过程中存在的幼儿道德品质的问题,通过在游戏过程中幼儿所表现的道德认知、道德情感、道德意志和道德行为等特点,教师在游戏活动准备中,游戏活动过程中,游戏活动结束后的表现,提出有效解决对策,从而提高幼儿的道德品质,促进幼儿全面发展。     

在情境互动教育中促进幼儿品德发展的策略

幼儿品德发展是其全面发展的重要组成部分,是幼儿园实施素质教育的根基.幼儿园应以提高幼儿的品德素养为目标,以环境创设、幼儿一日活动、节日主题实践活动为载体,注重以美激情,以情动情,以情促行,开展融知、情、意、行为一体的情境互动式教育,促进幼儿良好道德品质的形成与巩固.     

Comparing teachers’ views on morality and moral education, a comparative study in Turkey and the United States

In this study, the researchers examined how K-8 teachers approach morality, moral education, and the moral development of children in Turkey and in the United States. Both countries have diverse cultures and long histories with secular education systems. Surveys were sent to teachers in nine cities in both countries. Results suggest that Turkish teachers emphasized societal values and global values, which have implications for the sustainability of the Turkish nation-state. American teachers emphasized moral action and morality in context (cultural relativity) rather than global values. Our findings emphasize the importance of inter-cultural awareness and tolerance.     

孤独症儿童对道德和习俗规则的判断

在Blair(1996)研究范式的基础上,增加了权威去道德化和泛习俗化两组问题,考察孤独症和正常儿童对道德和习俗规则的判断及其与他们心理理论的关系。结果发现,孤独症儿童错误信念理解成绩低于接受性言语匹配的正常儿童,两组儿童在道德判断上表现不同,而在习俗判断上的表现没有差异。结果提示,道德判断需要心理理解能力,而习俗判断则与训练和社会化有关。     

The poverty of contractarian moral education

ABSTRACT

In A Theory of Moral Education, Michael Hand claims that a directive moral education that seeks to persuade children that a particular conception of contractarian morality is justified can be undertaken without falling foul of the requirement not to indoctrinate. In this article, we set out a series of challenges to Hand’s argument. First, we argue that Hand’s focus on ‘reasonable disagreement’ regarding the status of a moral conception is a red-herring. Second, we argue that the endorsement of moral contractarianism and the prohibition on indoctrination pull in different directions: if contractarianism is sound, then teachers or governments should be less worried about indoctrination than Hand suggests. Third, we argue that moral contractarianism is mistaken; teachers should look elsewhere for guidance on the moral norms and principles towards which they should direct their pupils.     

Moral authorship of novice teachers in primary education

This article focuses on moral authorship as an element of the professional development of novice teachers in the Netherlands. Moral authorship refers to the ability of teachers to observe, identify, verbalize and reflect on the moral aspects of their work in a proactive and dialogical manner. We elaborate on moral authorship by theoretically exploring six interdependent tasks of moral meaning making: moral commitment, awareness, orientation and positioning, moral performance and evaluation. Narratives of 19 novice teachers were analyzed to explore moral authorship in teachers’ talk. The results show the opportunities of moral authorship to support, navigate, and reinforce the professional development of novice teachers. This study suggests professional self-dialogs for enhancing the development of moral authorship.     

小学教师职业道德失范问题与思考

通过对小学教师课堂行为的观察,发现在课堂中教师道德失范情况普遍,在对教师失范行为后果进行分析后发现,教师的道德失范严重地阻碍了学生在人格品性诸方面的发展。关注学生人格养成,需从教师职业道德谈起。