On‐the‐job relationships among self‐reported oral communication apprehension,job satisfaction,and organizational citizenship behaviors

This study assessed the relationships among self‐reported oral communication apprehension (CA), job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) for employees of a bank located in the southeastern U.S. Results indicated positive relationships between several of the job satisfaction and OCB variables, and several negative relationships between oral CA and OCB variables, and oral CA and job satisfaction variables. Also, individuals with high oral CA, in comparison to those with low oral CA, were found to score significantly lower on dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction. Implications of these findings for the organization are discussed, as are reactions to the research findings by bank personnel.     

基于在线平台的美国民俗中心职业民俗口述文献采集研究

美国国会图书馆作为世界上最有影响力的图书馆机构之一,其下属的美国民俗中心开展了著名的职业民俗口述历史项目,并通过专业化的在线平台Oracle Application Express采集全美范围内的职业民俗口述文献资源,取得丰硕的成果。文章在介绍美国民俗中心职业民俗项目及口述文献在线采集平台的基础上,分析了职业民俗口述文献在线采集的过程,并探讨了在线采集的特点及其对我国图书馆机构的启示。     

The genesis of a catalog of oral health-related surveys: locating oral health-related datasets

The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), in collaboration with the Division of Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (DOH, CDC), has established a Dental, Oral and Craniofacial Data Resource Center (DRC). One element of the DRC is the Catalog of Surveys Related to Oral Health. The Catalog is a searchable electronic database that includes federal, state, international, and privately sponsored surveys and other datasets. Its purpose is to make researchers aware of surveys that have been conducted and to highlight features of complex surveys that relate to oral health. Other components of the DRC include an Archive of Procedures and Methods, Archive of Procedures and Methods Used in Oral Health Surveys, which is linked to the Catalog; an Annual Report, Oral Health U.S., 2002; and a data warehouse of acquired datasets. A Web-based statistical query system related to oral health is also under development. It is the intention of the DRC to meet the needs of NIDCR and DOH, CDC staff as well as other researchers interested in the status of oral health. The Catalog is available on CD-ROM at no cost and in the future will be made available through the NIDCR Web site.     

Creating Access to Oral Histories in Academic Libraries

Oral histories, a common form of documenting the past, are found in the collections of many academic libraries. As evidenced by a study of Georgia academic libraries conducted in 2007, no standard procedure exists to coordinate access to these materials. Establishing policies and procedures for collecting, acquiring, managing, and providing access to oral histories can greatly enhance their value and usability. Drawing on examples from the program instituted at Columbus State University (CSU), this article outlines a practical strategy that academic libraries, particularly small or medium-sized libraries, can follow as a guideline to ensure that oral histories are made available to the public. This article also raises awareness of the problems inherent in managing access to oral histories and presents some solutions to these problems in an effort to increase standardization among libraries.     

Oral health beliefs and behavior among young adults in Appalachian Kentucky

We used communication infrastructure theory to investigate oral health beliefs and behavior among young adults in Appalachian Kentucky. We conducted 7 focus groups with 67 participants who reported poor oral health behavior, but this was not necessarily the result of poor oral health knowledge. Participants identified several sociocultural factors affecting their oral health, including lack of oral health prioritization among older generations, and risky health behaviors that competed with good oral health. These sociocultural factors create a context in which standard oral health recommendations are commonly seen as excessive. Participants described various responses to the poor oral health in the region, including fatalism and a distrust of dentists, and that oral healthcare professionals may be using potentially problematic communication tactics. Practical implications for designing effective oral health promotion campaigns in the region and theoretical implications for developing social-contextual frameworks of oral health promotion are discussed.     

Cataloging Oral Histories: Creating MARC Records for Individual Oral History Interviews

Cataloging oral histories presents many difficulties, especially for catalogers who have primarily worked with published materials and for institutions without funds or staff dedicated to managing oral history collections. Methods for cataloging oral histories can vary widely among institutions. In this article I examine the issues and considerations involved in providing intellectual access to oral history interviews and offer a possible cataloging method to libraries holding unprocessed oral history materials. The cataloging procedures discussed here have worked well from a workflow standpoint as one of the initial steps to create access to oral histories at Columbus State University, a medium-sized academic library.     

Developing Oral History in Chinese Libraries

Compared with oral history in most Western countries, oral history theory and practice in Mainland China lag behind in both study and practice. This paper outlines the experience of oral history work in the Shantou university library, and the types and features of the oral history collected by the library. It examines problems in the development and utilization of oral history in Mainland Chinese libraries and offers suggestions for the development of oral history in libraries in Mainland China, and other developing countries.     

纽约公共图书馆口述史资源建设经验与启示

[目的/意义]通过梳理纽约公共图书馆口述史资源建设经验，为我国公共图书馆开发口述史资源提供借鉴。[方法/过程]概述纽约公共图书馆及其社区口述史项目，重点介绍纽约公共图书馆社区口述史资源的建设现状和类型，并对纽约公共图书馆口述史资源的建设经验进行整体分析。[结果/结论]众包形式是公共图书馆开发口述史资源的重要方式，应增强口述史资源的信度与效度，以地方特色作为口述史资源建设的亮点，增强口述史资源的开放性与公众兴趣度。     

口述史料出版中的编辑守责与把关

会计口述历史是会计史学研究中的新兴研究范式,口述历史类书籍的出版对编辑来说是一项陌生而又复杂的业务。文章以立信会计出版社《会计口述历史（第一辑）》的编辑过程为例,从方言口语问题、口述者逻辑跳跃问题、广泛而复杂的背景问题、不同口述者内容冲突问题的处理等角度,阐述口述史料出版中编辑应如何守责与把关,建议在审稿和编辑加工过程中安排多元化背景的编辑审稿,以及建立人物信息表并交叉核对以充分发现问题,在处理问题时利用线上线下等多渠道查证。     

认识与行动:再论口述历史档案资源建设

论文在对口述档案认识予以分析的基础上,提出应将"口述档案"改称为"口述历史档案"的学术见解。通过对档案界口述历史档案资源建设行动的梳理,提出了口述历史档案访谈制作、对已有口述历史档案收集及资源整合的路径选择。     

口述历史——图书馆史研究的新途径

介绍国外利用口述历史从事图书馆史研究的情况,以及图书馆开展口述历史工作的方法,意在为我国图书馆史的研究和史料的收集提供一种新的途径。     

口述档案研究的可视化分析

本文通过对国内外口述档案研究的对比分析,可以了解国内外相关研究的差距之处,并且可以根据研究热点的变化,在一定程度上推测出国内外今后的研究方向和趋势。以中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science为数据来源,基于Citespace软件,从年代分布、作者、发文机构、关键词等角度对国内外口述档案的研究进行分析。通过分析发现,在总体发文量上,国内关于口述档案的研究要低于国外,作者之间和机构之间的合作程度也是同样趋势。此外,国内外在口述档案领域的热点主要集中于口述档案与社会记忆相结合。因此,围绕"记忆、社会记忆"开展的口述档案研究可能是国内外共同的发展趋势。     

Bridging Generations

Abstract

Since 1994, undergraduate students at Rutgers University have had the opportunity to explore broad issues in the history of women's higher education by examining issues surrounding single-sex and coeducation at their own institution, with specific concentration on social issues and student culture. Four distinct seminars and projects, two of which incorporate oral history, and all four involving historical research in archival sources, have contributed to the historical literature and have added valuable documentation on the history of women at Rutgers University. This article presents an overview of these specific courses. It further provides an assessment from the particular perspective of a university archivist who attempts to document the history of the institution, promote the use of that documentary record by a diverse audience of users, including undergraduate students, and who has had the opportunity to teach two seminars on the history of women's higher education, using Rutgers as a case study. The courses to be discussed are: “Rutgers Women: A Living History” (1993-1995), a research seminar incorporating oral history of the first women students to enter the previously all-male Rutgers College in 1972; the Rutgers Oral History Archives of World War II (1994 to present), an ongoing project recording the memories of Rutgers men and women and their wartime experiences; the Douglass College Scholar's Program seminar on psychobiography (1998), a seminar which explored the life of Mary Clara Kangler, a 1938 graduate of the New Jersey College for Women whose tragic life ended in suicide; and the Douglass College Scholar's Program seminar on the history of the Douglass College and its role in the history of women's higher education in the United States (1999-2002), a research seminar based on archival research which explored the experiences of women and the controversial issues surrounding women's education at Rutgers.     

口述资料及其著作权问题探究

口述资料是指所承载信息的原始获取和传递方式来源于口头的资料,依据其形成过程中信息流的方向,可将其区分为叙述式和访谈式两种。依据我国现行的《著作权法》,应当对口述资料以"作品"的形式加以保护,但是需要区分职务作品以及访谈式口述资料的合作作品等情形,对于其整理和利用过程中所涉及的著作权问题,应尊重"意思自治"的原则,通过"授权委托书"等方式明确权利归属。     

“Seeking Information from the Lips of People”: oral history in the archives of Qatar and the Gulf region

The turn to oral history in Qatar and the Arabian (also known as Persian) Gulf is not a rejection of traditional archival authority as has been the case in other parts of the world. In the Gulf, oral history has been embraced out of a desire to fill the silences of the largely unwritten record attributable to previous low levels of literacy and strong oral traditions in the region. Today, oral history is seen as the best method to capture details about traditional ways of life during the pre-oil era. After discussing archival concerns about the evidentiary nature of oral histories, this paper explores how it has come to be a crucial documentation tool in the Gulf, adapted to the specific nation building and cultural heritage priorities of the region.     

Effect of speed of presentation on recall of television messages

The study investigated the effect of two techniques for reinforcing the message in television news stories: visual‐verbal redundancy and verbal recapitulations. Impact of the techniques on learning was examined with a 2 × 2 factorial design experiment (N = 80), using a five story newscast. It was hypothesized that recapping would have a beneficial effect on understanding, based on its highlighting function, while a redundancy effect on recall was expected for visuals that reinforced words. As expected, high visual‐verbal redundancy produced greater viewer recall than did low redundancy. The addition of summary oral recaps improved understanding.     

数字人文视域下口述历史档案资源知识发现模型构建

为切实推动口述历史档案资源深度开发,本文综合运用本体、知识图谱等技术方法,从数据资源层、知识组织层、知识关联层、知识发现层四个维度架构数字人文视域下口述历史档案资源知识发现模型,从理论建构和应用探索双重视角指导并推进与口述历史档案资源关联的人、地、时、事等内容特征及相互关系的可视化展示与挖掘,不仅为口述历史档案资源知识发现具体实施提供了可操作性框架参考,也有利于创新口述历史档案资源知识发现路径。     

Scottish Archive of Print and Publishing History Records

‘It's important that we remember the past is not just dry facts and statistics but also the detailed lives of real people. SAPPHIRE aims to give a voice to these lives.’ The Scottish Archive of Print and Publishing History Records (SAPPHIRE), an initiative with Napier University as lead and Queen Margaret University College as main collaborative partner, is an oral history project which aims to record the social, economic and cultural heritage of the Scottish printing and publishing industry in the 20th century. Undertaken in partnership with a number of Scottish organizations, its results are providing a better understanding of an important and overlooked part of Scotland's heritage. Outcomes of the project include a permanent oral history archive stored at the Edward Clark Collection at Napier University, and exhibitions and publications on the history of the printing and publishing industry. The development and current activities of SAPPHIRE are described and reviewed.     

图书馆开展口述历史工作的实践与思考——以南京图书馆“沈燮元口述历史”项目为例

图书馆口述历史工作可以丰富馆藏,实现传统业务延伸,对图书馆提高核心竞争力、弘扬区域文化传承与发展起到了推动作用。南京图书馆通过“沈燮元口述历史”项目,开展口述历史实践探索,充分借鉴了其他图书馆成功经验,针对当前工作中容易出现的问题,在做好项目前期准备的基础上,对人才队伍、标准规范、数据库建设等方面进行提升和优化,确保了口述历史项目的顺利实施,并且取得了一定的成果,为图书馆开展口述史相关工作实践提供了可参考依据。     

图书馆开发口述历史资源探索

介绍口述历史的发展历程、国外图书馆在口述历史资源建设方面的理论和实践以及图书馆挖掘口述历史资源的重要意义;结合汕头大学图书馆的具体实践,探索图书馆开展口述历史工作的方法、程序和需要注意的问题;分析当前国内图书馆开展口述历史工作面临的困难。