Anonymity and Interaction in an Online Breast Cancer Social Support Group

Despite the benefits of using online social support groups, prior research does not provide a solid understanding of the online factors related to an individual’s supportive interaction. Accordingly, this study aims to explore how various aspects of anonymity predict different levels of social support engagement. The current study uncovers that visually identifiable group members are more likely to get supportive responses than are visually anonymous members. Also, when support group members are visually and discursively identifiable, they are more likely to get supportive messages than those who are visually and discursively anonymous. Additionally, the more identifiable support group members are, the more they receive positive messages. Practical implications for the role of social support group members’ anonymity/identifiability on the overall social support process are presented.     

To Hope or to Know: Coping with Uncertainty and Ambivalence in Women's Magazine Breast Cancer Articles

Breast cancer is one of the most feared diseases in contemporary Western society. Popular women's magazines are important sources of information about and orientation to the disease. The current study applies problematic integration theory in an interpretive analysis of all breast cancer articles appearing in five top-circulating women's magazines between 1997 and 2002. In so doing, the study illuminates two major challenges (uncertainty and ambivalence) and several imperfect approaches to coping constructed in this discourse (simplification, information-seeking/provision, affect management, trusting intuition, sustaining hope, and metaphoric reframing). These results have several clear and important practical implications and highlight a major and largely untried direction for future research.     

Naming and Claiming Cancer among African American Women: An Application of Problematic Integration Theory

This study examines how a sample of African American women understands the uncertainties fundamental to cancer risk communication. Utilizing data from four focus groups, Problematic Integration (PI) theory is applied as an interpretive lens for illustrating their felt difficulties of talking openly about cancer and breast cancer in everyday life. The women describe worry about cancer and its prevalence among African American women; ambivalence and uncertainty; belief that what is not uncertain is certain and awful; fear and avoidance; contradictions in “claiming” and “rebuking” cancer; and hopefulness.     

To Hope or to Know: Coping with Uncertainty and Ambivalence in Women's Magazine Breast Cancer Articles

Breast cancer is one of the most feared diseases in contemporary Western society. Popular women's magazines are important sources of information about and orientation to the disease. The current study applies problematic integration theory in an interpretive analysis of all breast cancer articles appearing in five top-circulating women's magazines between 1997 and 2002. In so doing, the study illuminates two major challenges (uncertainty and ambivalence) and several imperfect approaches to coping constructed in this discourse (simplification, information-seeking/provision, affect management, trusting intuition, sustaining hope, and metaphoric reframing). These results have several clear and important practical implications and highlight a major and largely untried direction for future research.     

Effects of Mass and Interpersonal Communication on Breast Cancer Screening: Advancing Agenda-Setting Theory in Health Contexts

Drawing on components of agenda-setting theory and the two-step flow of information from mass media to news audiences, this study examines the effects of mass and interpersonal communication on breast cancer screening practices among college- and middle-aged women (n = 284). We theorized that screening behaviors among younger women would be influenced more by interpersonal sources of information while screening among middle-aged women would be more influenced by exposure to mass-mediated information. Findings supported anticipated patterns, revealing important and varying roles for both mass and interpersonal communication in the health behaviors of women. Implications for health practitioners and campaign planners, as well as recommendations for future research, are discussed.     

信息集群理论和公共数字文化资源整合

信息集群理论强调集群成员之间协调合作,应用新的信息技术,实现信息共享和信息增值。在公共数字文化资源整合中,信息集群理论的应用有利于实现公共数字文化资源的共享,降低生产成本,提高竞争性。应用策略包括:加强公共文化服务机构信息集群的构建;选择有效的运作模式,并建立与之相适应的管理机制;重视新的信息技术的应用,为公共数字文化资源整合提供完善的技术支撑;创造有利于公共数字文化资源整合持续发展的外部条件。     

Planning Improves Vocal Fluency and the Appearance of Concern When Communicating Emotional Support

Emotional support is often conveyed to people with cancer; however, not all support messages are effective, leading some potential supporters to fear appearing incompetent when communicating support. Additionally, nonverbal behaviors, such as vocal fluency, pitch variety, eye contact, and conveying concern, have previously been associated with support recipients’ outcomes and perceptions of speaker competence. This experiment determines whether these nonverbal behaviors can be increased through message planning. Participants were randomly assigned to either a planning condition or a distraction task condition before recording emotional support messages for a friend hypothetically diagnosed with cancer. Results showed that planners spoke with significantly more vocal fluency and conveyed significantly more nonverbal concern than nonplanners. Planners also used more eye contact and pitch variety than nonplanners, but these differences were not statistically significant. Results suggest that planning may improve some nonverbal aspects of communicating support, which may in turn improve perceptions of supporters’ competence.     

An Investigation of the Support Process: Decision,Enactment, and Outcome

This study examines factors influencing the effectiveness and relational consequences of emotional support through three phases: decision, enactment, and outcome. Participants (N = 428) completed a questionnaire asking them to identify a time they faced a traumatic event, to identify whom they turned to for support, to complete measures of trust and solidarity before and after the support episode, and to complete measures assessing the efficacy of the support exchange. Analyses revealed the type of event influenced selection of a support target, severity of event was correlated with pre-episode trust and solidarity levels, and females provided more effective support than did males. Trust and solidarity levels after the support episode were predicted, in part, by the efficacy of the support episode. Implications of the phasic model for future research on support following a traumatic event are discussed.     

Social support within an on-line cancer community: an assessment of emotional support,perceptions of advantages and disadvantages,and motives for using the community from a communication perspective

This study investigated an on-line cancer support community emphasizing communication concerns important to the community administrators. The researcher conducted an on-line survey of participants (N v = v 103) focused on their on-line communication activities and social support. The results indicate a modest negative correlation between emotional support received on-line and perceived stress, differences in emotional support scores based on perceptions of disadvantages of on-line support groups, and different motives for using the community between people with cancer and family members. The study also describes suggestions based on the results that were made to community administrators and which could be used by other on-line support communities.     

信息过载、文献保障和小型高校图书馆

通过对几篇文献的介绍,结合图书馆的实际情况,指出信息过载和文献保障不足有时是同时存在的,并针对小型高校图书馆的能力和任务,讨论了小型高校图书馆新的服务目标和服务方式。     

A Multiple Goals Perspective on Topic Avoidance and Relationship Satisfaction in the Context of Breast Cancer

Using a multiple goals perspective on interpersonal communication as a theoretical framework, this study examined the circumstances under which topic avoidance might predict lower relationship satisfaction among women coping with breast cancer. Results gathered from questionnaire responses of women who had recently undergone treatment for breast cancer (N=140) indicated that the association between topic avoidance and relationship satisfaction was moderated by patients' own reasons for avoidance, and by perceptions of partners' reasons for avoidance. The findings of this study contribute to recent scholarship suggesting the importance of considering the motivations for and interpretations of topic avoidance in order to better understand how patterns of topic avoidance predict relational wellbeing.     

近十年我国乳腺癌文献计量指标及研究热点分析

文章以SCIE为数据源,利用文献计量学方法,对2000-2009年我国乳腺癌研究发表文献被SCI收录情况,分别通过不同层面进行统计分析,并与其他国家相关数据进行比较。结合共词聚类分析法与文献被引频次,运用BICOMS软件统计高频主题词以及高频被引文献,并利用SPSS软件进行聚类分析。以期总结我国乳腺癌的研究热点,为相关专业人员深入开展乳腺癌研究提供参考。     

浅析图书馆藏借阅一体化管理模式

藏借阅一体化模式有利于提高馆藏文献的利用率,减少图书的复本量,节约购书经费和人力资源,便于读者与服务人员之间的沟通,促进图书馆与读者之间的良性互动.这种模式真正体现了"以读者为中心"的服务理念.文章讨论了实施这种模式所需的条件并针对藏借阅一体化模式出现的一些问题,提出应从加强读者教育、强化大开间科学管理力度、提高馆员素质等方面着手,使其发挥最大效能,为读者提供优质服务.参考文献6.     

纵向分离、纵向一体化与纵向联盟——省级电视台电视剧产业链整合模式的原理

本论文就中国省级电视台电视剧产业链整合模式的原理进行解析,主要解析制播分离与自制剧、定制剧模式。本文认为,制播分离实际是纵向分离,会有分工的经济效率;自制剧与定制剧模式就是纵向一体化与纵向联盟,它们针对省级台会有利弊两方面的影响,但结合省级台的现实处境看,目前利远大于弊。     

Communication Channel,Sex, and the Immediate and Longitudinal Outcomes of Verbal Person-centered Support

This study extended research on verbal person-centered (VPC) support by studying VPC in conversations, examining perceptions of support providers and receivers, testing the influence of different communication channels, and evaluating longitudinal outcomes. Two hundred fifty-five dyads composed either of two men, two women, or one man and one woman interacted in a laboratory wherein channel and level of VPC were manipulated. Evaluations of support were gathered from support providers and recipients, and recipients also reported outcomes three weeks later. Perceptions of support differed between channels, such that men providing high VPC support were evaluated more positively when using CMC, and women communicating low VPC support were evaluated more negatively online. Effects of level of VPC, channel, and provider's sex on receivers' outcomes persisted three weeks later.     

靶向与对象:文旅融合背景下公共图书馆旅游服务研究——基于地方感理论的启示

文章对公共图书馆旅游服务实践和研究现状进行分析,指出国内公共图书馆的旅游服务存在责任感不强、重点不明确、措施不精准等问题,进而影响了服务效能。公共图书馆可以从地方感理论中获取启发,将增强地方性作为主要方向,以旅游决策者、旅游者、居民和旅游从业者为服务对象,创新性地开展地方性研究咨询交流活动、搭建地方特色文化传承弘扬平台和建设地方旅游信息集散中心等服务措施。     

地方高校图书馆服务产学研一体化对策研究

信息时代,地方高校图书馆服务产学研一体化的必要性日益凸显。针对目前我国地方高校图书馆服务产学研一体化存在的阻力,如观念、馆藏、人才、体制等,地方高校图书馆需要转变传统思维,创新服务理念,使文献资源建设适应产学研一体化模式,并从机制上对人力、物力、财力资源进行合理配置,从而真正实现地方高校图书馆作为地区文献信息中心的价值。     

At the Convergence of Input and Process Models of Group Discussion: A Comparison of Participation Rates across Time,Persons, and Groups

We investigate the stability and change of participation patterns in small groups by examining two longitudinal data sets at the individual and group levels of analysis. Rejecting the dichotomy between input and process models, we advance a view at the convergence of these two perspectives. We argue that stability in participation reflects input factors and that change emerges from process mechanisms. Study 1 analyzed discussion data from zero-history laboratory groups that worked on three similar tasks in succession, each with stable membership across the tasks. Results showed significant variation within participants and between groups, indicating that group members varied their participation as needed and that group-level factors influenced participation. Study 2 analyzed longitudinal data collected from the Australian Citizens' Parliament, where tasks and group membership varied over time. Study 2 replicated Study 1's findings, but analyses showed more complex patterns of both stability and change across groups and tasks. Taken together, results from the two studies support our position that both input and process mechanisms cause variation in participation. Our Conclusion examines how structural features and participation impact democratic group deliberation.     

Adult Child Perceptions of Communication and Humor When the Parent Is Diagnosed with Cancer: A Suggestive Perspective from Communication Theory

This study examines the function of communication and humor in the older adult parent-adult child dyad when the parent has been diagnosed with cancer. Qualitative data of open-ended data from 46 adult children of a parent recently diagnosed with cancer revealed that discussing diagnosis and treatment procedures was perceived to be a satisfying conversation, whereas withholding information had an adverse affect. The discussion of the parents' feelings during the cancer period was a difficult and complex communicative experience. The Meta-Humorous Interaction Theory (MetaHIT) was used as a conceptual framework to understand the function of appropriate and inappropriate uses of humor in terms of cognitive, affective, and behavioral elements of humor. Humor was often used as a coping or relief function for discussing side effects of cancer treatment. This investigation underscores the importance of understanding how adult children use humorous communication to cope with the unknown conversational territory of a parent's cancer diagnosis.     

Planning for the Integration of the Digital Library,Clinical Decision Support,and Evidence at the Point of Care

ABSTRACT

Integrating knowledge-based resources at the point of care is an important opportunity for hospital library involvement. In the progression of an IAIMS planning grant, the digital library is recognized as pivotal to the success of information domain integration throughout the institution. The planning process, data collection, and evolution of the planning project are discussed.