Author perceptions of journal quality

One of the most important issues facing scholarly communication today is what constitutes quality in the publishing and dissemination of research findings; the aim of this exploratory research study was to investigate author‐perceived quality characteristics of science, technology and medicine journals. We triangulated data from a small number of volunteer full‐time faculty members of Long Island University, using three different research techniques: (1) questionnaire survey, (2) focus groups, and (3) semi‐structured face‐to‐face interviews. The study identified some significant differences by discipline, gender, and tenure status. Overall, the three most important attributes were the reputation of the journal, the estimated length of time to article publication, and the readership of the journal. Our findings bring new insight into this area for the scholarly research community as a whole.     

The effects of newscaster gender and vocal quality on perceptions of Homophily and interpersonal attraction

The research attempted to clarify the “ideal newscaster” concept. Only newscaster gender contributed to a significant difference, and only on physical attraction. Findings are discussed with regard to their implications for viewers’ selective exposure to news broadcasts.     

The effects of office aesthetic quality on students' perceptions of teacher credibility and communicator style

This study examined the effects of office aesthetic quality on students' perceptions of teacher credibility and communicator style. Ninety‐seven individuals from introductory communication courses participated in this experiment. Participants were assigned to visit either a low or a high aesthetic quality office, or to a no‐office exposure control group, prior to evaluating a videotaped sample of an instructor lecturing in a basic communication course. Results indicated that office aesthetic quality influenced participants' evaluations of teacher credibility and communicator style.     

The effect of scholar collaboration on impact and quality of academic papers

We study how scholar collaboration varies across disciplines in science, social science, arts and humanities and the effects of author collaboration on impact and quality of co-authored papers. Impact is measured with the aid of citations collected by papers, while quality is determined by the judgements expressed by peer reviewers. To this end, we take advantage of the dataset provided by the first-ever national research assessment exercise of Italian universities, which involved 20 disciplinary areas, 102 research structures, 18,500 research products, and 6661 peer reviewers. Collaboration intensity neatly varies across disciplines: it is inescapable is most sciences and negligible in most humanities. We measured a general positive association between cardinality of the author set of a paper and citation count as well as peer quality of the contribution. The correlation is stronger when the affiliations of authors are heterogeneous. There exist, however, notable and interesting counter-examples.     

Station managers and the status of AM broadcasting

A nationwide sample of 300 AM station General Managers found less than universal compliance with NRSC‐1 and NRSC‐2 standards, more AM stereo transmission than previously estimated, continued widespread use of music formats, misleading reports in the trade press, and positive attitudes about the prospects of digital audio broadcasting (DAB).     

The influence of clothing on perceptions of infant sex roles

This paper reports an evaluation of presentation skills training for participants from manufacturing, service, production, and research organizations using a repeated‐measures quasi‐experimental comparison‐group design. In addition to posttest assessments of participants’ reactions and learning, participants’ self reports of sixteen behavioral skills were assessed across three time periods. Similar analyses were employed to test for co‐workers’ ratings of program participants’ long‐term improvement. Statistical analyses of participants’ responses (controlling for the number of comparisons) revealed positive reactions to the training, improvement in learning, as well as short‐term behavioral change in eight of the sixteen skills taught. Long‐term change was found in seven of the dependent measures. On‐the‐job change was found in three skills. Taken together, improvement was found in all but two of the skills areas in the training. Analyses of co‐workers’ ratings of participants’ skills also revealed that trainees had improved on twelve of the sixteen presentation skills after the program.     

The,Rebirth of Low-Power FM Broadcasting in the U.S.

On January 20,2000, the Federal Communications Commission created two new classes of low-powered radio broadcasting licenses. This controversial initiative is studied within the landscape of current and past deregulatory policies. These stations are now on the air and broadcasting to their local communities. A survey was conducted of the first 239 licensed stations to ascertain programming goals, budgets, policies and other baseline information. The study concludes that Low-Power FM has significantly increased ownership diversity and content. Current FCC localism initiatives could bode well for the introduction of more LPFM stations in the United States.     

Embarrassment: The effects of embarrassor and target perceptions

This study investigated the role perception plays in embarrassing situations between same‐sex friends. We argued that when two same‐sex friends share a common experience where one was embarrassed due to something the friend did or said, the embarrassors and targets would differ in (a) their perceptions relating to the degree of embarrassment falt, (b) their attribution of intentionality, and (c) the degree to which the embarrassment affected their relationship. One hundred and sixty‐three same‐sex friend dyads were asked to report their perceptions about a commonly shared embarrassing incident. Results showed that only 52.5% (n = 84) of the embarrassors recognized that the target experienced embarrassment. Further analyses were then conducted on these 84 dyads. We found that embarrassors and targets tend to agree on the intent of the embarrassor. However, no associations were found between perspective and degree of embarrassment felt nor degree of relationship consequences. Implications of the findings and limitations are discussed.     

The influence of citizen disaster communication on perceptions of neighborhood belonging and community resilience

The Citizen Disaster Communication Assessment (CDCA) measures individual disaster communication activities that are intended to help communities cope across all phases of a disaster. Using the CDCA, this study examined associations among citizen disaster communication, neighborhood belonging, and community resilience using three different samples representing different disaster phases (Pre-event, Event, Post-event). Results indicate that more citizen disaster communication was associated with stronger perceptions of neighborhood belonging and community resilience at the Event and Post-event phases. In terms of specific citizen disaster communication processes that proved important, communication to correct disaster rumors and share stories was associated with greater feelings of belonging. Communication intended to confirm disaster information and tell stories was associated with stronger community resilience perceptions. Overall, results (a) confirm that citizen disaster communication is an important part of the disaster response and recovery ecosystem and (b) offer evidence of concurrent validity for the CDCA.     

缩微数字影像系统扫描的技术参数对数字影像质量的影响

本文分析了在把模拟影像转换成数字影像时 ,扫描技术参数的选择对扫描后数字影像的占用空间、清晰程度及数字影像质量的影响。     

Radio,Race and Identity in South Africa: The Case of Metro FM

This article presents a qualitative content analysis of Metro FM, a commercial music station owned by the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC). Metro FM has the second largest audience in the country and was the first SABC station to intentionally target a black audience. While fostering black pride, the station attempts to create a narrative of responsibility while simultaneously negotiating the cultural imperative to interpellate listeners as consumers. The narrative of black identity assumes a homogenous black audience located in urban areas, and while broadcasts are in English, a great degree of codeswitching allows for in-group identification.     

网络信息内容质量探析

本文就当前我国网络信息内容质量问题，根据信息结构对网络信息内容进行了分类，并分析了网络信息内容的现状与原因，提出了几点看法与建议，希望能够促进我国网络信息内容的发展。     

研究性学习中的信息素质和信息资源保障

文章对研究性学习的历史进程、含义及特点进行了简要的概述,重点阐述了研究性学习中实现信息素质与信息资源保障的具体措施.     

Testing a mediational model of the effect of family communication patterns on student perceptions of the impact of the college transition through social communication apprehension

An undergraduate college student’s ability to transition successfully to college has been identified as one of the most pressing concerns for institutions of higher education. To understand the challenges associated with transitioning to college and suggest interventions from a communication perspective, we test a mediational model based on family communication patterns theory (FCP) and the communication apprehension perspective (CA). The model examines the influence of FCP and CA on students’ perceptions of the impact of the college transition on their lives. A survey of 2252 students about to transition to college indicated that conversation orientation was associated with lower CA. Both conversation orientation and conformity orientation were associated with more positive perceptions of the impact of the transition to college. An indirect effect was found from conversation orientation to the perceived impact through CA. Practical implications for college retention specialists and educators, families, and students including a pre-transition visualization intervention are discussed.     

The five blind men and the elephant: differing perceptions of the institution of an approval plan

This paper discusses the first-time implementation of a book-in-hand approval plan in a major university library system, with special attention to the expectations of the major groups involved (library administration, technical services, collection development, teaching faculty, and the vendor) and to how these expectations were met. The initial reactions saw the plan as either a panacea to the problems of having to downsize and the escalating cost of processing, or as a sinister form of outsourcing that would lead professional skills to be less prized and attenuate collections so that they no longer fulfilled the University’s needs. Two years later, all these positions have been moderated, but the fears persist, and, as long as they persist, the approval plan will not be used to its full capacity.     

The librarian and the information scientist: Different perceptions among Israeli information science students

This study examined the perceptions of 118 undergraduate information science students enrolled in three different higher education programs in Israel. The classical roles traditionally performed in libraries are still perceived as tasks of the librarian. Tasks related to information itself, such as information retrieval (building, operating, and managing Web sites), information filtering, and matching processed information to the client's personal profile are ascribed to the information scientist. In the three different programs, students perceive the professional image of the information scientist as ranked more highly than that of the librarian. If students are to have a broad and positive perspective of their profession, then perhaps there is a need to emphasize the technical topics that are related to the role of the information scientist, as well as those related to the traditional roles of the librarian.     

科学博物馆的效益观

在我国由计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程中,有相当一部分科学博物馆因经费不足而陷入困境。于是有的部门和同志提出了一种口号：科学博物馆应两个效益（社会效益和经济效益）一起抓,而且这一口号近年来在博物馆界颇为流行。有的科学博物馆把它当成了生存之道;有的上级主管部门以创收多少作为衡量科学博物馆经济效益好坏的指标;有的还要求科学博物馆每年完成一定的上缴任务。于是,有的科学博物馆将展厅出租开展销会和办公司、餐厅、歌舞厅,给科学博物馆正常工作的开展和健康发展带来了负面影响,并在社会上引起了广泛的批评。作者认为,…