Inoculating Against Pro-Plagiarism Justifications: Rational and Affective Strategies

Student plagiarism continues to threaten academic integrity. This investigation assessed whether an inoculation message strategy could combat university plagiarism by protecting student attitudes against pro-plagiarism justification arguments. Additionally, we sought theoretical confirmation of previous findings on involvement and accessibility in inoculation, examined the effects on vested interest, and evaluated matching and mismatching strategies in terms of affect- and rationality-based inoculation treatment messages and subsequent attack messages. A total of 225 students participated in three sessions spanning six weeks. Results indicated that none of the inoculation treatments conferred resistance as measured in attitude toward plagiarism, but all treatments enhanced involvement and attitude accessibility, and the fear- and rationality-based treatments enhanced vested interest. Additionally, fear-based treatments derogated the source of the message. Results also suggest that a matching strategy is superior with both affect- and rationality-based attack messages, such that inoculation treatments are most effective when using the same argument bases (e.g., affective or rational) as the attack message. These results offer guidance for crafting communication campaign strategies to reduce the occurrence of student plagiarism offenses.     

Inoculating Against Pro-Plagiarism Justifications: Rational and Affective Strategies

Student plagiarism continues to threaten academic integrity. This investigation assessed whether an inoculation message strategy could combat university plagiarism by protecting student attitudes against pro-plagiarism justification arguments. Additionally, we sought theoretical confirmation of previous findings on involvement and accessibility in inoculation, examined the effects on vested interest, and evaluated matching and mismatching strategies in terms of affect- and rationality-based inoculation treatment messages and subsequent attack messages. A total of 225 students participated in three sessions spanning six weeks. Results indicated that none of the inoculation treatments conferred resistance as measured in attitude toward plagiarism, but all treatments enhanced involvement and attitude accessibility, and the fear- and rationality-based treatments enhanced vested interest. Additionally, fear-based treatments derogated the source of the message. Results also suggest that a matching strategy is superior with both affect- and rationality-based attack messages, such that inoculation treatments are most effective when using the same argument bases (e.g., affective or rational) as the attack message. These results offer guidance for crafting communication campaign strategies to reduce the occurrence of student plagiarism offenses.     

Enactment as rhetorical strategy in the year of living dangerously

In The Year of Living Dangerously, the philosophical position that is argued in the film's content is reflected also in the film's form; i.e., the film is an enactment of the argument it makes. Failure to recognize enactment as a viable rhetorical strategy may have led to a failure to recognize the film's rhetorical force. Further study of enactment and its rhetorical effectiveness are suggested.     

Doctoral dissertations in speech: Work in progress, 1952

Prior research on comforting communication from the constructivist perspective has employed a hierarchical system of message analysis to classify different comforting strategies; within this system, messages are scored for the extent to which they explicitly acknowledge, elaborate, and legitimize the feelings of distressed others. The present paper reports two studies assessing the extent to which naive actors' perceptions of comforting strategy sensitivity, effectiveness, and quality correspond with the formal analysis of comforting strategy sophistication embedded in the constructivist hierarchical coding scheme. In the first study, 73 female college students interacted with a female confederate who feigned distress over having recently been dropped by her long‐term boyfriend. These interactions were videotaped and content analyzed; in addition, both the confederate and an experimental observer rated participants' behaviors for sensitivity. Results indicated that participants employing a greater proportion of theoretically sophisticated comforting strategies were perceived as behaving more sensitively toward the confederate. In the second study, 148 college students were presented with lists of preformulated comforting strategies derived from the constructivist hierarchy and were asked to rate these strategies for “sensitivity” and “effectiveness” and to rank order them in terms of overall quality. Results indicated that respondents rated and rank ordered the strategies in a manner very consistent with the constructivist hierarchical ordering of comforting strategy types: The constructivist ordering of the strategies explained over 95% of the variance in respondents' ratings and rank orderings.     

Inoculation messages as a preemptive financial crisis communication strategy with inexperienced investors

This study focuses on the problem of collapsed ‘stay in the market’ (SIM) beliefs during financial crises. More specifically, the goal of this investigation was to ascertain whether or not inoculation messages are a viable preemptive crisis communication strategy to protect the SIM beliefs of inexperienced investors amidst a major stock market downturn. Inoculation messages were compared to both supportive messages and no-message controls to determine their effectiveness in protecting SIM beliefs. Additionally, the impact of inoculation messages on beliefs in the absence of a crisis and the impact of crisis message modality (i.e. video versus print) on inoculation-generated resistance were explored. A between-subjects factorial design (3?×?2 plus one additional condition) was designed to explore three hypotheses and two research questions. Results indicate that inoculation messages can serve as a viable preemptive financial crisis communication strategy and that inoculation messages did not harm SIM beliefs in the absence of a crisis.     

就业视角下的高校学生档案实效性管理研究

高校学生档案在推进大学生就业工作方面发挥着积极作用,对大学生就业具有"名片"、"评价"、"发展"和"保障"功能。当前高校学生档案面临着档案内容个性缺失带来的效应危机,档案意识薄弱造成的实效性危机,监管缺失导致的信任危机,管理体制缺陷引发的发展危机。要构建高校学生档案实效性管理,应完善档案内容;增强全员档案服务意识;完善监管制度;健全档案管理体制。     

How to persuade adolescents to use nutrition labels: effects of health consciousness,argument quality,and source credibility

This study tested the utility of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) in creating effective public service announcements (PSAs) of nutrition label use. Students (N = 169) from a secondary school in Hong Kong participated in a 2 × 2 × 3 (health consciousness: high vs. low × argument: informational vs. testimonial × source: expert vs. celebrity vs. ordinary person) factorial design experiment. Hypotheses were partially supported. Main effect was located for health consciousness. Adolescents with high health consciousness were more persuaded by the PSAs. There was an interaction effect between health consciousness and source. A dietitian as the source was most persuasive to people with high health consciousness, while low health conscious people were most influenced by a celebrity. The information processing route was biased by the match of argument and source. Informative argument made by an ordinary person was more likely to motivate adolescents to use nutrition label, while testimonial argument made by a celebrity was the most effective. The findings are discussed in light of ELM hypotheses. Recommendations are also offered for public health communication campaigns.     

The relationship between student communication motives and information seeking

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between college students’ communication motives (i.e., relational, functional, participatory, excuse making, sycophantic) and their use of information‐seeking strategies (i.e., overt, indirect, third party, testing, observing). Participants were 149 students enrolled in an introductory communication course at a Mid‐Atlantic university. Results indicated that (a) students who communicate for the sycophantic, relational, and participatory motives use the indirect and observing information‐seeking strategies and (b) students who communicate for the functional communication motive use the overt information‐seeking strategy, but do not use the testing information‐seeking strategy. Future research should examine whether college students use information‐seeking strategies with their classmates and the impact of the use of these strategies on their learning experience.     

网络环境下企业商务信用评价指标体系的构建

商务信用问题已经成为制约我国市场经济进一步发展的瓶颈,企业商务信用的评估是其基础问题之一。从企业商务信用的定义出发,综合考虑企业传统商务信用和在线商务信用,设计一套简洁、实用的企业商务信用评价指标体系,并给出相应处理方法,利用大量数据作为支持,验证该指标体系的有效性。     

大数据环境下高校图书馆数据推广内容及现状研究——以图书馆年度数据账单为例

[目的/意义] 大数据环境下,以年度数据账单方式进行的数据推广工作受到越来越多高校图书馆的认可与使用,但不同机构的年度数据账单内容、模式及推广效果存在较大差异,因此对国内高校图书馆年度数据账单推广内容及现状进行调查与研究。[方法/过程] 通过网络调研,以2017年数据账单结构完整性、内容丰富性为标准筛选出21所高校图书馆进行调查,同时对各馆2016年度数据账单进行回溯性追踪;对当前高校图书馆年度数据账单内容、推广模式与服务模式的现状与发展进行探讨,并提出发展建议。[结果/结论] 当前高校图书馆年度数据账单推广并没有统一且长效的模式,并存在时间持续性差、内容价值不完善、文化传承与延展功能及效果缺失等问题。建议从数据推广内容的价值度与活动的持续性、营销品牌构建、基于用户画像的图书馆服务优化策略等方面进行改进与提升。     

Marketing to Their Needs: Utilizing Empathetic Marketing Techniques in Student Outreach

This article describes empathetic marketing, a new marketing approach that was created by Mark Ingwer and outlined in his 2012 book, Empathetic Marketing: How to Satisfy the 6 Core Emotional Needs of Your Customers. The authors discuss how this marketing theory can be used by academic librarians to transform their marketing endeavors by presenting library services and resources to students in a way that helps them meet core human emotional needs (control, self-expression, growth, recognition, belonging, and care). The authors also include examples of empathetic marketing from their libraries.     

我国大学英语教材营销走势及出版社的应对策略

从大学英语教材营销发展历史出发,通过分析国外高校教材营销经验、科学技术发展以及我国高等教育发展等因素对大学英语教材营销走势的影响,提出出版社需要建立"营销理念"的营销价值取向,并实施"全面营销"的企业发展策略。     

Changes in Advertising Strategies During an Economic Crisis: An Application of Taylor's Six-Segment Message Strategy Wheel

Between 2005 and 2009 financial service organizations in the United States altered their advertising messages in response to changing economic conditions brought about by a sustained recession. This analysis of print magazine advertisements for banks, credit cards, investment firms, and insurance providers demonstrates that financial service advertisers shifted away from transformational approaches in favor of informational approaches. Credit card companies were slower to change their strategies than were bank, investment, and insurance companies. The results of this analysis support the argument that advertising serves the role of providing market information and that the nature of such information is determined by economic conditions.     

Cultural differences in cognitive responding to ads: a comparison of young American and Chinese consumers

This study explored the differences in young consumers' cognitive responses to visual ads across two cultures. In an experiment, 120 college students from the USA and 120 college students from China were exposed to different types of visual ads, and subsequently participants were instructed to recall objects from the ads, and to list thoughts regarding the product/brand meanings. It was found that compared with Chinese participants, participants from the USA recalled more salient objects and generated more product/brand thoughts elicited by salient objects from the ads. Moreover, Chinese participants were more likely to assign a social role to a person recalled from the ads than their American counterparts. These findings suggested that young Americans attended more to salient objects in the ads, and therefore are more analytic than their Chinese participants. Implications for international advertising were provided.     

Ambivalence Amplifies College Smokers' Negative Emotional Responses to Antismoking Information

Many smoking college students hold ambivalent attitudes toward smoking. Although ambivalence is widely believed to evoke negative affect, little research attention has been paid to how ambivalence may influence emotional responses to persuasive information. Participants in this study (N = 133 college smokers) completed a survey that included a presentation of novel and credible antismoking information. Structural equation modeling analyses showed that pre-exposure ambivalence was positively associated with postexposure negative emotions. Negative emotions, in turn, were associated with greater perceived message effectiveness. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

Web booksellers—their usefulness to libraries

Historically, libraries have purchased most of their books from wholesalers catering to the library market. In the past five years, new web booksellers have entered the marketing offering deep discounts and rapid delivery to the general public. Purchasing from web vendors tends to increase library administrative costs because of institutional credit card and auditing policies, double data entry on the web vendor’s interface and local library system, and other factors. Depending on local administrative costs, libraries may find web vendors the best choice for purchasing OP, foreign and rush titles.     

基于德尔菲法的我国公共图书馆免押金办证服务研究

[目的/意义] 国外公共图书馆普遍推行免押金办理借阅证的办法,而我国实行免押金办证服务的公共图书馆尚且不多,因此,研究我国公共图书馆免押金办证服务具有重大的现实意义。[方法/过程] 运用德尔菲法对我国公共图书馆开展免押金办证服务的必要性、益处、障碍和策略进行调研。[结果/结论] 调查结果表明,大部分专家认为公共图书馆开展免押金办证服务是必要的,其主要益处是能够消除知识获取门槛,而信用体系不完善则是实行免押金办证的主要障碍。据此提出我国实行免押金办证的策略。     

Consuming to Cope: Investigating College Students’ Expressive Suppression as an Indirect Effect of Family Communication and Drinking Context

This study explored relationships between family communication patterns, college students’ expressive suppression, and drinking to cope, aiming to assess whether suppression might represent an indirect effect in the relationship between conformity orientation and drinking to cope. Participants (N = 251) completed an online questionnaire analyzed using CFA and SEM. Results indicated that conformity orientation has a small impact on drinking to cope and that conformity orientation predicts suppression. Specifically, students from protective family types tend to use suppression more and are more likely to drink to cope. Results also demonstrated a small relationship between suppression and drinking to cope. Lastly, college students’ use of suppression acts as an indirect effect in explaining a small part of the association between conformity orientation and drinking to cope.     

服务营销组合策略在阅读推广中的实践与探索——以广西科技大学图书馆“微书评”为例

[目的/意义]针对当前阅读推广案例活动普遍存在的数量多而质量良莠不齐的现状,引入服务营销组合理论,指导图书馆更好地开展阅读推广活动。[方法/过程]将服务营销组合理论中各个关键要素重新加以整合,形成适合广西科技大学图书馆"微书评"具体案例的"7P"服务营销组合策略,即服务产品策略、服务价格策略、服务渠道策略、服务促销策略、图书馆内部营销策略、学生团队营销策略、效果评价策略。[结果/结论]通过实践和探索得出的结果显示,服务营销组合策略能够帮助图书馆明确阅读推广活动中各要素、各环节的内在联系与规律,更好地进行跨部门的合作与沟通;更有助于揭示阅读推广活动的共性和个性特征,从而提高阅读推广活动的质量,为阅读推广的实践与探索提供有益参考。     

The Relationship between Narrative Content Variation,Affective and Cognitive Reactions,and a Person's Willingness to Sign an Organ Donor Card

This study predicted that variations in the content of a narrative organ donor appeal (i.e., the age of the donor, the age of the person whose life was saved, the donor's cause of death, and the number of people whose lives were saved) would have a differential impact on a person's affective and cognitive reactions to that message, which would in turn influence a person's attitude toward signing an organ donor card. Two hundred sixty-eight individuals who had not signed an organ donor card previously read one of several narratives and then answered a series of questions designed to measure their attitudes toward signing an organ donor card. These data revealed that how a person dies (accident vs natural causes) and the number of people who are saved through organ donation indirectly influence a person's attitude toward signing an organ donor card with vividness, sympathy, and happiness acting as mediating variables. These findings and their implications are discussed.