我国高技术产业全要素生产率及其影响因素的定量分析

本文对高技术产业的全要素生产率及其影响因素进行了分析和定量测算。在分析影响因素时,不仅考虑了与高技术产业发展密切相关的研究与发展投入因素,而且还综合考虑了政策、开放、国外技术扩散等因素,在研究与发展投入中分析了高技术产业企业R&D以及公共部门R&D的作用;并利用1995~2003年数据对我国高技术产业中的大中型企业进行了实证分析。     

基于知识价值链的智力资本构成要素实证研究

 以我国高科技企业为样本,以知识价值链为理论基础确定智力资本构成要素,并采用探索性和验证性因子分析的实证研究方法验证智力资本构成要素模型。研究结果表明,智力资本由人力资本、流程资本、创新资本和客户资本四要素组成,其中创新资本是与人力资本等资本要素同等地位的、独立的要素之一。不同智力资本要素在企业价值创造过程中所起的作用不同,企业应识别和关注每一个智力资本要素。     

知识协同的内涵、要素与机制研究

知识协同是知识管理和协同管理融合发展的新阶段.现有文献对知识协同概念内涵、关键要素和运行机制等方面尚存在认知差异.本文以知识协同相关文献为调研对象,针对知识协同内涵、要素和机制的研究现状进行归纳和论述,并围绕机制体系提出了知识协同理论的基本框架,以期得到关于知识协同的本质认识和发展轮廓,最后指出需要进一步加强知识协同的基础理论和思想体系的研究.     

知识基础视角的高技术研究机构研发组织模式分析

依据两类知识基础,构建高技术研究机构研发组织的象限模型,提炼一体式、合同式、平台式等3种高技术研究机构研发组织模式,选择国内外6个代表性高技术研究机构进行案例研究,比较不同模式的研发导向、研发集成、资源配置、研发分工、成果转化特征并提出相应政策建议。     

图书馆知识服务理论与实践概论

本文从分析知识服务在图书馆中的真正涵义、图书馆信息服务与知识服务的本质区别以及图书馆开展知识服务的优势入手，着重分析与概括了近几年来我国图书馆知识服务理论研究与实践情况，并对今后一段时间的发展态势进行了探讨。     

知识工程的研究与发展

本文介绍了知识工程的概念，研究内容——知识表示，知识获取，知识利用，以及发展方向。     

知识供应链中高校与中小企业的利益分配研究

分析了知识供应链不同于普通供应链的特点,并且对企业与高校,高校与高校两个层次的利益分配机制进行了经济学分析,力求为我国的中小企业发展指出一条新的发展之路     

基于过程视角的知识管理导入与要素协同研究

秉承过程控制的管理理念,围绕我国的《知识管理框架》中定义的过程模型,形成基于过程的知识管理导入模型;考虑影响知识管理导入的内外要素,着眼于要素之间的协同问题,形成基于要素协同的知识管理框架,从过程控制的角度对知识管理导入和要素之间的协同性问题进行研究。     

从“知识分配力”看科技中介机构的作用与走向

“知识分配力”是国家创新系统中的关键性因素。以提高社会“知识分配力”为导向 ,通过开发中间知识产品 ,提高社会知识存量的“可利用性”和整个社会的“知识利用能力” ,向兼具生产和服务功能的中介机构转化 ,成为“创新增值链”中具有重要作用的一个环节 ,是科技中介机构发展的必然走向     

我国研究与发展对全要素生产率影响的定量分析

TFP是反映经济发展投入产出效果的综合性指标,排除了资本和劳动对经济增长的作用。对经济增长的TFP进行分析,并由此探求增长源泉,可为政府制定宏观经济政策和科技政策提供重要的、有价值的信息。本文采用按国际统计标准选取的、数据质量可靠的我国R&D数据及相关的数据,对影响我国TFP增长的R&D因素、经济因素以及其他因素的作用进行了实证分析和研究,对R&D经费的作用给出合理的估计。本文首先从定性的角度对TFP的影响因素进行分析,在此基础上对我国1978~2002年的TFP进行计算,再对TFP影响因素的作用进行定量测算并进行讨论。     

科学作为一种知识生产制度

作为知识生产制度的科学,依靠了一种非常特殊的知识产权--发现的优先权,来激励社会公共知识的生产和公开披露。这种激励机制是通过基于优先权的报酬系统来运作的。从静态的角度看,它与公开披露规范是激励相容的;但从动态的角度看,它与公开披露规范之间可能出现激励不相容的问题。为解决这个问题,发现的优先权还需要"公有主义"这种科学文化的配合,以提高知识生产的效率和加快知识的公开披露。     

From knowledge theory to management practice: towards an integrated approach

This paper critically contrasts the three main schools of thought on knowledge – namely, those that respectively conceptualize knowledge as situated in mind, process, and object – and assesses the resulting implications for knowledge management (KM). Against the background of the existing diversity of definitions of KM an integrated and holistic view of the KM value chain is put forward. Within this theoretical framework five main research streams (culture, knowledge location, awareness, evaluation, and absorption) are identified with a view to devising a practical concept of KM applicable in a business context. With a focus on knowledge flow and detailed approaches to potential solutions, conflicts and compatibilities between existing business strategies and KM are examined. A conceptual model is devised to offer a holistic integration of the theoretical and practical themes in order to serve as a framework for developing a future research agenda for the development of theoretically grounded, yet practical, KM business tools and applications.     

区域知识成果产业化的要素分析

区域知识成果的产业化是区域知识经济发展的重要务件,也是区域产业结构升级的重要途径。产业化过程需要政府政策扶持、法律环境保障,需要优秀的职业经理人借助风险投资提供的资金,建立知识型中小企业,实现知识成果向具体知识产品转化。在风险投资退出之后,需要金融资本的有效介入,使知识型中小企业做大做强,最终在区域内部形成知识产业体系,实现知识成果的产业化。     

Trust as an antecedent to knowledge sharing in virtual communities of practice

This study focusses on the role of trust in knowledge sharing within the context of virtual communities of practice. Trust is widely accepted as an important enabler of knowledge management (KM) processes. We conceptualise trust across three dimensions, namely: competence, integrity and benevolence; we test hypotheses as to the effect of these facets of trust on knowledge sharing by surveying an intra-organisational global virtual community of practitioners. The results indicate that all three dimensions of trust are positively related to knowledge-sharing behaviour. Trust based on the perceived integrity of the community was found to be the strongest predictor of knowledge-sharing behaviour. Our findings suggest that the dimensions of trust buttress each other; although they are theoretically distinct, they appear to be empirically inseparable. We propose that in order for knowledge sharing to be enabled, trust must concurrently exist in all three dimensions. Implication to organisations in their recruitment policy is to include competence, integrity and benevolence in their sought-for attributes of new employees. KM practitioners also have to encourage these attributes in existing employees, who are potential members of on-line communities of practice. Knowledge sharing itself was conceptualised with three components – quantity (frequency), quality (usefulness or value) and focus (the degree to which an individual feels that they engage in knowledge sharing). Of the three components, focus exhibits the most significant relationship with trust factors. This finding makes knowledge sharing less tangible than perhaps would be expected. It suggests that establishing whether knowledge has been shared is more than counting the frequency or trying to evaluate the usefulness of the shared knowledge. These aspects are important especially to management, but to the individual who shares knowledge, her feelings of having shared knowledge appear to be more important. With the current understanding that knowledge sharing is more of a human activity than technology, it is important that any information system should be assistive in boosting users’ confidence that they are indeed sharing knowledge. If the systems do not re-enforce the users’ knowledge-sharing orientation, knowledge sharing may be discouraged. Notwithstanding the point made about knowledge-sharing focus, it is necessary to take into consideration all the components of knowledge sharing to fully capture the concept. This was well indicated when the combined variable of all (rather than individual) knowledge-sharing items had the strongest correlation with trust factors.

     

对MBA教育的认识与实践

讨论了MBA教育的历史与现状及在中国大陆的发展,探讨了MBA的课程设置,研究方向,论文撰写,培养质量及社会主义市场经济对MBA人才的需要。     

The knowledge-creating theory revisited: knowledge creation as a synthesizing process

This paper is a part of our attempt to build a new knowledge-based theory of the firm and organization to explain the dynamic process of knowledge creation and utilization. For this, we revisit the theory of knowledge creation through the SECI process and ba, and try to advance them further by incorporating the dialectic thinking. In this paper, knowledge creation is conceptualized as a dialectical process, in which various contradictions are synthesized through dynamic interactions among individuals, the organization, and the environment. With the view of a firm as a dialectic being, and strategy and organization should be re-examined as the synthesizing and self-transcending process instead of a logical analysis of structure or action. An organization is not an information-processing machine that is composed of small tasks to carry out a given task, but an organic configuration of ba. Ba, which is conceptualized as a shared context in motion, can transcend time, space, and organization boundaries to create knowledge.     

隐性知识的混沌理论

隐性知识是知识管理的核心问题,目前对隐性知识的研究范式限制了研究思路和方法的拓展。混沌理论是现代非线性科学中的一个分支,是科学研究中一种重要的工具和手段。本文以混沌理论的一般原理作为方法论,探讨了隐性知识的混沌特征及在知识管理中的意义,旨在为知识管理和知识创新提供新的思路。     

以“实践建构论”科学观 把握科学知识的生产——简评《科学知识生产方式及其演变》

简评李正风的专著《科学知识生产方式及其演变》,指出该书具有严密性和系统性,开拓性和创造性,研究规范、方法科学的特点,是一部学术性强的力作。     

知识溢出对中国省域知识生产影响的实证研究

本文通过探索性空间数据分析,发现中国省域知识产出和投入要素具有显著的空间集聚特征。在综合考虑知识产出和投入空间溢出效应的基础上,构建了改进的知识生产空间面板数据模型。通过LM和Wald检验确定空间Durbin模型能够更好地描述中国省域知识生产活动。通过研究发现,知识产出具有显著的正向空间溢出效应;R&D活动人员具有显著的负向空间溢出效应;R&D经费支出和FDI具有正向空间溢出效应,但并不十分显著。根据研究结果,提出了提高省域知识生产效率的政策建议。     

The knowledge and skill content of production complexity

In this paper we investigate the labour content of complex products. By exploiting O*NET information on the skill and knowledge required by occupations, we find that the product complexity measure suggested by Hausmann and Hidalgo (2009) is highly intensive in STEM knowledge and in Science, Mathematics and Critical Thinking skill requirements. We then propose a new measure of occupational complexity based on these occupational features. Among other advantages, this indicator has the merit to measure complexity for service industries that, so far, has never been measured. In an empirical model of the growth of USA Metropolitan Areas (MSAs), we find that MSAs whose initial industrial structure embeds a higher level of occupational complexity experience higher real per capita GDP growth over the 2001–2017 period. The occupational complexity measure is a stronger predictor of growth than other metrics of industries’ occupational and task content as well as compared to indicators of local occupational and industrial composition. When we separately compute occupational complexity of service and manufacturing industries and delve into their specific role for long run growth, we find a prominent role of the occupation complexity embedded in local services with respect to the one embedded in local manufacturing. Our baseline evidence is corroborated in the context of the NUTS3 regions of France over the period 2010–2017.