Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） on the treatment of exposure of the orbital implants

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and the indication of basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） in the treatment of exposure of orbital implants. Design： Retrospective and observational case series. Methods： We reviewed 41 patients （41 eyes） suffering exposure of orbital implants from Jan. 2000 to June 2006. The study group patients with mild exposure received combined treatment with bFGF and antibiotic drops, and while the control group patients with mild exposure were treated with antibiotic drops only. The study group patients with moderate and severe exposure received combined treatment with bFGF and antibiotic drops, and after 2 months they were subjected to amniotic membrane transplantation, while the control group patients with moderate and severe exposure underwent amniotic membrane transplantation after using antibiotic drops. Observation of the growth of conjunctival epithelium and comparison of the healing rate of the two groups. Results： The healing rates of the mild, moderate and severe exposure study group were 100% and 92.3%. The healing rates of the mild, moderate and severe exposure control group were 55.6% and 66.7% respectively. The difference of the healing rates of the mild exposure study group and the control group was significant （P=-0.033）. And the difference of the healing rates of the moderate and severe exposure study group and the control group was not significant （P=-0.167）. Conclusion： bFGF may promote obviously the healing of orbital implant exposure, particularly it can be the first choice for the treatment of mild degree exposure. For the moderate and severe cases, it can be administered before surgical repair to enhance neovascularization and will tend to increase the success rate of surgical repair.     

Changes of tear film and tear secretion after phacoemulsification in diabetic patients

Objective: To evaluate tear film stability and tear secretion in patients with diabetes after phacoemulsification. Methods: Twenty-five diabetic cataract patients and 20 age-matched non-diabetic cataract patients as control underwent phacoemulsification. Tear film break-up time (TFBUT), Schirmer I test (SIT), corneal fluorescein staining, and dry eye symptoms were measured pre- and postoperatively. Results: Diabetics had a decreased preoperative TFBUT and SIT. TFBUT was reduced on Day 1 and recovered on Day 180 postoperatively in both groups. SIT was increased after phacoemulsification, but returned to preoperative levels by Day 180 in non-diabetics, whereas it was lower than preoperative level in diabetics. Positive corneal fluorescein staining was elevated in both groups, and returned to preoperative levels only in controls. Dry eye symptoms were similar to fluorescein staining in both groups. Conclusion: Tear secretion was reduced in diabetic cataract patients after phacoemulsification, which worsened dry eye symptoms and predisposed those patients to ocular damage.     

Corneal relaxing incision combined with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of corneal relaxing incisions (CRI) in correcting keratometric astigmatism during cataract surgery. Methods: A prospective study of two groups: control group and treatment group. A treatment group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had combined clear corneal phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and CRI. A control group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had clear corneal phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.Postoperative keratometric astigmatism was measured at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Results: CRI significantly decreased keratometric astigmatism in patients with preexisting astigmatism compared with astigmatic changes in the control group. In eyes with CRI, the mean keratometric astigmatism was 0.29±0.17 D (range 0 to 0.5 D) at 1 week, 0.41±0.21 D (range 0 to 0.82 D) at 1 month, respectively reduced by 2.42 D and 2.30 D at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively (P=0.000, P=0.000), and postoperative astigmatism was stable until 6 months follow-up. The keratometric astigmatism of all patients decreased to less than 1.00 D postoperatively. Conclusions: CRI is a practical, simple, safe and effective method to reduce preexisting astigmatism during cataract surgery. A modified nomogram is proposed. The long-term effect of CRI should be investigated.     

国产干涉条纹视力计预测白内障术后视力的临床研究

探讨国产干涉条纹视力计对预测白内障术后视力的准确性及其影响因素。方法:收集105例(105眼)白内障患者,年龄为69.89±10.04岁(30~92岁),术前分别用德国Heine视网膜视力计和国产干涉条纹视力计检测患者的术后预测视力,与术后1月最佳矫正视力比较,进行统计学分析。国产干涉条纹视力计和德国Heine视网膜视力计测量的预测视力分别为0.13±0.04和0.17±0.11,术后1月的最佳矫正视力为0.07±0.03,三者之间两两比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05),国产干涉条纹视力计与术后最佳矫正视力之间的差异较小。国产干涉条纹视力计预测视力符合率为66.67%(两者之间相差≤2行)。晶状体重度混浊和合并眼部疾病如青光眼、黄斑前膜、糖尿病性眼底病变等是其影响因素。国产干涉条纹视力计能有效预测白内障术后视力,但在重度白内障和合并眼底其他疾病的患者应结合相关临床检查做综合性评估。     

儿童眼外伤71例临床分析

目的:探讨儿童眼外伤的临床疗效及防治方法。方法:分析71例眼外伤的手术及保守治疗。结果:69例保住了眼球,其中66例在14天之内治疗视力均有不同程度提高(P<0.05),15天后治疗效果差异无显著性(P>0.05),治疗效果以一周内视力提高优于一周后入院治疗(P<0.01)。结论:伤后就诊时间对治疗及预后有着直接的关系,加强卫生宣传教育及安全教育,加强医疗保健,重视基层卫生人员的专业培训,可提高早期就诊、及时治疗的效果,减少并发症的发生。     

牛磺酸滴眼液中牛磺酸含量的测定

目的:测定牛磺酸滴眼液中牛磺酸的含量。方法:采用分光光度法测定牛磺酸滴眼液中牛磺酸的含量。结果:牛磺酸在10～60mg/ml浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,回收率为99.3%(n=6)。结论:牛磺酸滴眼液中牛磺酸的平均为0.034mg/ml,方法稳定性良好,操作简单易行,符合药品定量分析要求。     

急性出血性结膜炎的治疗和预防探讨

目的:探讨αlb基因工程干扰素治疗和预防流行性出血性结膜炎的疗效。方法:选同期门诊AHC双眼发病患者48例,单眼发病患者32例,均随机分成治疗组和对照组,以干扰素滴眼液和无环鸟苷滴眼液做治疗和预防对照,均双眼点药,健眼做预防用药。结果:双眼发病患者干扰素治疗组治愈时间平均5.33d,无环鸟苷对照组8.27d,经秩和检验有显著差异(P<0.05);单眼发病患者中,健眼干扰素组6例发病,无环鸟苷组13例发病,经统计学处理有显著差异(P=0.035)。结论:αlb基因工程干扰素滴眼液治疗AHC疗效显著,且时间短,见效快,并对健眼有明显的预防发病作用。     

The efficacy of group treatment for survivors of childhood abuse

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a new model of group treatment for sexual abuse survivors over individual therapy alone. METHOD: In this quasi-experimental design, 32 women were in either group treatment (N = 22) or a wait-list comparison group (N = 10). They completed standardized measures on depression, self-esteem, and trauma symptomatology at pretest and after completing the 10 to 12 week group. All were in concurrent individual therapy. RESULTS: On average, both groups of women decreased depression and trauma symptoms as well as increased self-esteem. However, the clients in the treatment group improved their depression and anxiety to a statistically significantly greater degree than clients in the wait-list comparison condition. Improvement approaching statistical significance was found in levels of self-esteem in the treatment as compared to the wait-list condition. CONCLUSION: The group intervention was significantly more effective than individual treatment alone on depression and anxiety. The inclusion of the wait-list comparison group was critical in interpreting the improvement noted by all of the women in treatment.     

窄谱紫外线联合0.005%卡泊三醇治疗寻常性斑块状银屑病的疗效观察

目的评价窄谱紫外线联合0.05%卡泊三醇治疗寻常性斑块状银屑病的疗效和安全性。方法对35例轻、中度寻常性斑块状银屑病患者采用窄谱紫外线每周3次照射,联合0.005%卡泊三醇每天2次外用,共治疗8周,用PASI积分评价疗效。结果治疗开始2周后出现疗效,随着治疗时间的延长,有效率逐渐提高,治疗结束时痊愈率达到40%,有效率达85.71%,4例发生皮肤刺激反应,占11.43%。结论窄谱紫外线联合0.05%卡泊三醇治疗寻常性斑块状银屑病具有起效快、疗效好、副作用小的优点。     

留置导尿时机的选择对全身麻醉苏醒期躁动的影响

探讨在全麻状态下与清醒状态下行导尿术对全麻苏醒期躁动情况的影响．通过选择全麻择期手术患者120例,随机分为两组,每组60人,比较两组患者术后对导尿管刺激反应的程度．结果表明在麻醉前行导尿术,可明显减轻全麻患者苏醒期躁动,减轻患者的痛苦,是导尿的最佳时机．     

Trauma symptoms among infants exposed to intimate partner violence

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether infants have a traumatic response to intimate partner violence (male violence toward their female partner; IPV) experienced by their mothers, two questions were explored: (1) Is the number of infant trauma symptoms related to the infant's temperament and the mother's mental health? (2) Does severity of violence moderate those relationships? METHODOLOGY: Forty-eight mothers reported whether their 1-year-old infants experienced trauma symptoms as a result of witnessing episodes of IPV during their first year of life. Mothers also reported on their own trauma symptoms that resulted from experiences of IPV. RESULTS: For those infants experiencing severe IPV and whose mothers exhibit trauma symptoms, we were able to predict whether infants exhibited trauma symptoms (b = .53, p < .01). This was not true for children who witnessed less severe IPV (b= -.14, ns). Maternal depressive symptoms and difficult infant temperament did not predict infant trauma symptoms for either group of infants. CONCLUSION: Mothers report that infants as young as 1-year-old can experience trauma symptoms as a result of hearing or witnessing IPV. The significant relationship between infant and maternal trauma symptoms, especially among those infants experiencing severe IPV, are consistent with the theory of relational PTSD. Findings suggest that interventions for mothers and families need to consider the influence of the severity of IPV on very young children.     

多发性大动脉炎诊治分析

目的观察糖皮质激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗多发性大动脉炎疗效。方法回顾性分析襄阳市襄州区人民医院收治的6例多发性大动脉炎诊断治疗情况。结果 2例病情缓解,包括临床症状缓解或消失,ESR和CRP恢复正常,病情缓解后激素减量维持;1例出现病情复发,复发后联合细胞毒药物及激素治疗,糖皮质激素自始起量开始,病情得到控制;3例患者动脉狭窄严重的行介入治疗后给予小剂量激素维持治疗。结论多发性大动脉炎由于病因不明,早期无特异性症状,早期诊断较困难;确诊后,用糖皮质激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗,对于无严重动脉狭窄的患者能较好地改善症状。     

甲氨蝶呤联合益赛普治疗类风湿风湿关节炎

目的评价甲氨蝶呤联合益赛普治疗类风湿关节炎（RA）临床疗效以及安全性.方法随机将90例类风湿关节炎患者分为2组：联合治疗组45例,口服甲氨蝶呤10～15 mg 1次/周,益赛普50 mg 1次/周,皮下注射;对照组45例单用甲氨蝶呤10～15mg 1次/周.疗程为3月,对2组的临床症状及实验室指标改善情况进行评价.结果2组的临床症状即关节疼痛数、关节肿胀数的改善均有良好效果,联合治疗组优于对照组;2组治疗后血沉（ESR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）均明显降低,且联合治疗组优于对照组.安全性方面,联合用药组一例出现肺部感染,停药及给予消炎药后好转.1例最初出现注射局部皮肤红肿伴瘙痒,3d后自行消失,未影响患者正常用药.对照组1例于服用甲氨蝶呤第2日出现头晕及胃肠道不适,1例出现口腔溃疡,1例化验血常规白细胞降低.结论甲氨蝶呤联合益赛普治疗类风湿关节炎疗效肯定,不良反应少,且明显较单用甲氨蝶呤组效果好.     

A pilot study of a family focused,psychosocial intervention with war-exposed youth at risk of attack and abduction in north-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Rural communities in the Haut-Uele Province of northern Democratic Republic of Congo live in constant danger of attack and/or abduction by units of the Lord's Resistance Army operating in the region. This pilot study sought to develop and evaluate a community-participative psychosocial intervention involving life skills and relaxation training and Mobile Cinema screenings with this war-affected population living under current threat. 159 war-affected children and young people (aged 7–18) from the villages of Kiliwa and Li-May in north-eastern DR Congo took part in this study. In total, 22% of participants had been abduction previously while 73% had a family member abducted. Symptoms of post-traumatic stress reactions, internalising problems, conduct problems and pro-social behaviour were assessed by blinded interviewers at pre- and post-intervention and at 3-month follow-up. Participants were randomised (with an accompanying caregiver) to 8 sessions of a group-based, community-participative, psychosocial intervention (n = 79) carried out by supervised local, lay facilitators or a wait-list control group (n = 80). Average seminar attendance rates were high: 88% for participants and 84% for caregivers. Drop-out was low: 97% of participants were assessed at post-intervention and 88% at 3 month follow-up. At post-test, participants reported significantly fewer symptoms of post-traumatic stress reactions compared to controls (Cohen's d = 0.40). At 3 month follow up, large improvements in internalising symptoms and moderate improvements in pro-social scores were reported, with caregivers noting a moderate to large decline in conduct problems among the young people.     

Role of visual attention in cognitive control of oculomotor readiness in students with reading disabilities

This study investigated eye movement and comprehension therapy in Grade 6 children with reading disabilities (RD). Both order of therapy and type of therapy were examined. Furthermore, the implications of visual attention in ameliorating reading disability are discussed. Thirty-one students with RD were identified using standardized reading comprehension tests. Eye movements were analyzed objectively using an infra-red recording device. Reading scores of participating children were 0.5 to 1 SD below the national mean. Testing took place before the start of therapy (T1) and was repeated after 12 weeks (T2) and 24 weeks (T3) of therapy. One group of students had eye movement therapy first, followed by comprehension therapy; in the other group, the order was reversed. Data were evaluated using a repeated measures MANOVA and post hoc tests. At T1, mean reading grade was 2 years below grade level, and eye movement scores were at about Grade 2 level. Mean growth in reading comprehension for the total sample was 2.6 years (p < .01) at T3; equally significant improvement was measured in eye movements (p < .01). Learning rate in reading comprehension improved from 60% (T1) to 400% (T3). Although within-group differences were statistically significant, between-group differences were not significant for comprehension or eye movements. Order of therapy (comprehension first or eye movements first) was not significant. Improvements in within-group scores for comprehension and eye movements were consistently significant at T2 and T3. Eye movement therapy improved eye movements and also resulted in significant gains in reading comprehension. Comprehension therapy likewise produced improvement both in eye movement efficiency and in reading comprehension. The results support the notion of a cognitive link among visual attention, oculomotor readiness, and reading comprehension.     

严重呼吸综合征的胸部影像表现

目的 :总结严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)的胸部X线表现及变化规律。方法 :分析 5 1例经临床确诊的SARS患者一系列胸部X线进行统计分析。结果 :患者均以发热为最早发病症状 ,10 0 %患者在发病后 1周内X线胸片出现局灶性斑片状模糊阴影 ,2周内达到高峰 ,15 .6 %患者为双肺多肺炎性病变 ,5 2 .9%患者为左肺 ,右肺为 31.4 % ,大部分肺野受累 ,病情重 ,98%患者在 4周内肺部阴影逐渐消散。结论 :肺部病变越早 ,范围越广 ,发展越迅速 ,临床症状越重。     

A probiotic treatment containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus improves IBS symptoms in an open label trial

INTRODUCTION Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder. The typical symptoms are abdominal pain, flatulence, and irregular bowel movement. Prevalence rates are re- ported to be as high as 30% in the general population (Drossman et al., 1982), corresponding to about 25%~50% of all patients who need gastroenterolo- gist’s help (Everhart and Renault, 1991). Despite this high prevalence, the cause of IBS is unknown. Many factors are likely to …     

Co-occurring forms of child maltreatment and adult adjustment reported by Latina college students

OBJECTIVES: This study had two primary objectives: First, to examine the nature and co-occurrence of various forms of child maltreatment (sexual, physical, emotional, and witnessing violence) reported by Latina college students, and second, to explore coexisting maltreatment types and acculturation status as possible contributors to long-term adjustment difficulties. METHOD: Participants were 112 Latina undergraduate students categorized by the number of childhood maltreatment types experienced (0, 1, or 2 or more) and acculturation level (1 to 5). The possible effects of co-occurring forms of maltreatment, in conjunction with acculturation status, were investigated with respect to participants' reported trauma symptomatology. Data were collected using self-report measures. RESULTS: Nearly three out of 10 participants (29%) experienced more than one type of child maltreatment and, as expected, these individuals reported greater trauma symptomatology than those reporting either a single type of maltreatment or no maltreatment at all. Those who reported multiple types also endured more severe maltreatment than did respondents who experienced a single type. Acculturation level was neither directly related to trauma symptoms nor did it moderate the lasting correlates of maltreatment among victims. Interestingly, those who experienced a single form of maltreatment reported no more trauma symptoms than did participants who reported no maltreatment history at all. CONCLUSION: This investigation documents a large degree of overlap among various forms of self-reported childhood maltreatment within a Latina college population. The results underscore the need to consider multiple forms of maltreatment, as well as severity, when making inferences regarding potential effects on later functioning.     

绘画艺术治疗对抑郁症状高职生影响研究

为探讨绘画艺术治疗对抑郁症状高职生的影响,更好治疗高职生抑郁症患者,选取收治的高职生抑郁症患者80例,随机将其分为观察组和对照组各40例,观察组在常规药物治疗方法的基础上采用绘画艺术干预,对照组仅采用常规药物治疗方法,比较两组患者的抑郁症状改善情况和临床疗效。结果表明,绘画艺术治疗对抑郁症状高职生具有积极影响,能改善患者抑郁症状况,提高临床疗效,值得推广和应用。     

沙丁胺醇和丙酸氟替卡松雾化吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重疗效分析

目的观察沙丁胺醇和丙酸氟替卡松雾化吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重的疗效。方法将29例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重的患者随机分成两组,对照组28例,常规给予抗生素及相应对照治疗;实验组29例,在对照组的基础上沙丁胺醇与丙酸氟替卡松雾化吸入治疗。用药后观察实验组及对照组临床效应、不良反应及住院时间。结果实验组及对照组每组治疗前后1周临床症状评分差异有显著性,实验组FEV1/预计值,PEF/预计值及住院时间较对照组治疗差异有显著性,并且未发现不良反应。结论在常规抗炎、祛痰等治疗基础上加用沙丁胺醇和丙酸氟替卡松联合雾化治疗一周后,患者临床症状评分及肺功能均明显改善,明显缩短了治疗疗程和住院时间,且无严重不良反应。