教师专业化：我国教师教育发展的机遇与挑战

教师专业化是世界教师教育发展的趋势和潮流，也是我国教师教育改革的现实需要和努力方向。为推进教师专业化建设，必须对我国现行的教师教育制度进行改革：建立教师教育一体化模式，实现教师教育终身化；以教师专业化为导向，优化教师教育课程结构；改革教师培养模式，提高教师学历层次；打破传统的教师培养体系，建立多元化、开放的教师教育体系；建立教师专业发展学校，加强理论与实践的结合。     

Chinese parental involvement and class-based inequality in education: the role of social networking sites

ABSTRACT

Based on an ethnographic study, this article presents the class-based disparities of Chinese parents’ usage of WeChat, the dominating social networking mobile application in China, in their educational involvement. We find that middle-class parents are the privileged ones who have exploited the use of WeChat not only as a medium for communication, but more as a mode of influence. Through WeChat, their various forms of capital are channelled to catalyse changes in their children's education. In contrast, working-class parents tend to act as absent participants in using WeChat for their educational involvement. We argue that WeChat has brought forth the consequence of widening the arena for winning or losing at the educational game for parents from different social classes. We call for corrective policies and guidelines on the usage of WeChat and other SNSs technologies in home–school dynamics.     

美国教师教育课程变迁与教师专业化

19世纪的教师培训主要限于任教学科的内容 ;2 0世纪早期 ,教师教育课程结构基本形成 ,但强调教育学科是这一时期的特点 ;五六十年代 ,强调学术学科 ,削减教育学科又带来了新问题 ,如何保持两类课程的平衡仍然是课程改革的重点 ;80年代后 ,两类课程内容上的融合改变了过去的对立 ,教师教育课程结构表现出新的特征。     

Utilising social networking sites to improve writing: a case study with Chinese students in Malaysia

With the advancement of technology, writing in English is no longer confined to the classroom as nowadays students are exposed to various forms of writing on the Internet. Specifically with Generation Y in mind, online writing is a new method that needs to be implemented to enhance Malaysian students’ writing skills. This article aims at identifying what motivates English as a Second Language students to write in English on Facebook. Ten Chinese-speaking students from a private urban school were selected for this study. These students had just started secondary education after being educated in Chinese-vernacular elementary schools for six years. The students were required to participate in an ongoing discussion on their Facebook class page in order to complete a writing task. Data for this study comprised both online discussions and interviews. The findings suggest that peer influence and school surroundings motivated the students to write better in English on Facebook. The findings also imply that the use of technology in writing tasks made students write better in English owing to the exchanges of feedback and ideas that took place through this social networking site.     

论教师专业化与教师专业发展的理念和策略

从专业化概念入手,系统分析教师教育的理念、策略,以期为教师专业发展和教师教育提供理论依据。     

从教师专业化视角看我国小学教师教育发展

本文从教师专业化视角审视和反思小学教师教育的发展历史以及当前小学教育专业建设中的一些问题,指出:在教师专业化发展历史上,小学教师教育从未改变过重视“师范性”这一特色;当前小学教育专业建设中没能发挥自身优势且面临一些困惑,是因为小学教师教育在改革和发展进程中完全被原有高等师范教育所同化;小学教师教育升、并入高等师范教育体系应该是顺应的过程,小学教育专业自身的加入应该成为促动教师教育体系结构化重组的重要因素。     

教师专业化与教师教育模式研究

一个国家的发展必须要有大量的高素质人才做支撑,人才的培养在教育,教育的关键在教师。教师专业化无疑是提高教师素质的最佳途径,教师专业化已成为当今世界教师教育发展的趋势。在论述教师专业化的基础上,着重研究了加快教师的专业化过程中的几种教师教育模式:“能力本位”模式与“标准本位”模式、良师辅导模式、校本培训模式、教师专业发展学校模式、“相似教育模式”。并对教师教育模式的选择提出了一些看法。     

我国教师教育改革的反思

教师专业化是时代的要求。但对教师专业化要有一个正确的理解。教师专业化的本质是提高教师的业务能力。教师教育的转型要服从教师专业水平的提高,而不是削弱。前一段教师教育的改革使一部分教师教育资源流失,值得反思和纠正。要重视教师教育的建设。     

70年代以来西方教师教育中的社会性别问题研究述评

社会性别问题是西方教师教育研究中的一个重要内容，对教师教育的理论与实践有着重要影响。本文梳理了20世纪70年代以来西方学者关于教师教育中社会性别问题研究的基本内容，并对其作出简要评论。     

幼儿教师专业化的现状思考与应对

本文通过对当前幼儿教师专业化问卷调查进行数据分析,明确幼儿教师专业化程度,加以原因分析并提出应对。     

教师专业化进程中的高师院校实践性教学

实践智慧作为教师专业化的本质规定决定着教师教育过程的实践性特点。借鉴西方教师教育"在实践中"、"指向实践"、"为了实践"的基本教育教学模式,应不断完善我国教师教育机制,在实践性教学计划、实践性课程设置、实践性教学组织形式、教学实践基地建设、指导教师队伍建设等方面实现积极的变革。     

美术教师专业化发展探析

美术教师专业化发展是教育发展的需要,也是教师发展的需要。在数码技术高度发达的现代社会,美术教师要注重自我的专业化成长,才能进一步适应社会发展及教育发展的需要,才能在教学过程中更好地引导学生进行美术活动,从而建立高尚的审美品格和正确的人生观、道德观,才能真正促进学生自身素质的发展。美术教师专业化发展体现在教学行为的转变、教学技能的发展、教学领导力的提升、自身文化底蕴的累积、专业技能的扩容和教科研能力的提高等多个方面。     

专业化视野下的教师教育改革

教师专业化已成为教师教育改革的趋势,专业化是一个不断深化的过程。进行教师教育改革,促进教师专业发展,应从树立现代教师专业的理念、扩大教师专业自主权、构建一体化的教师教育体制、合理设置教师教育课程优化教师专业知能等几方面入手。     

Social media for professional development and networking opportunities in academia

The research reported on in this article explores the use of social media for work-related or professional purposes. In particular, it focuses on the perceptions and use of social media by academics in the UK. The purpose of the research was to explore the potential social media has to facilitate the changing landscape of higher education and support the individual academic in their role. Of particular interest is how specific social media tools are being used to enhance networking opportunities and contribute to career progression. The use of social media was explored in detail through interviews and a survey. Typical activities that are currently being undertaken were identified and user group profiles developed that articulate different levels of engagement with these tools and the motivations that each group of users have for using social media. The study found that, with increasing levels of activity, the number of motivations for using social media increase, as does the perceived number of successful outcomes, including contributions towards career progression. The main barriers to using social media were identified as a lack of time and skills to undertake these activities, as well as a negative perception of social media. Recommendations for increasing participation are to provide practical training, including the sharing of good practice, and to initiate dialogues within institutions regarding the potential career progression opportunities that social media may afford.     

Engagement and knowledge building in an afterschool STEM Club: analyzing youth and facilitator posting behavior on a social networking site

Social networking sites (SNSs) are popular technologies used frequently among youth for recreational purposes. Increasing attention has been paid to the use of SNSs in educational settings as a way to engage youth interest and encourage academically productive discussion. Potential affordances of using SNSs for education include knowledge building, collaborative communities, and the ability to document and share processes and designs. In this study, the SNS, Edmodo, is examined as an educational tool used with Studio STEM. Results indicated that youth appropriated Edmodo to exhibit engagement and articulate knowledge through reciting facts, acknowledging learning, and documenting progress with the guidance of instructors and facilitators. Based on results, we suggest that efforts to include SNSs in integrative science, technology, engineering, and mathematics programming for youth prioritize consistent monitoring and guidance by supportive and more knowledgeable others as this serves to develop community and encourage youth engagement.     

关于教师教育学科构建的理性思考

伴随我国教师教育的迅速转型,教师教育学科的创生和发展成为历史必然。我们有理由认定教师教育完全可能成为独立学科;然而,当前我国教师教育远未形成主流研究范式,尚未成为一个成熟学科,人们对教师教育学科的认识还存在分歧。因此,在今后学科建设中需要从知识体系和制度机构两方面采取有效策略促进教师教育学科不断走向成熟和完善。     

以合作教育的理念促进教师教育专业化发展

合作教育可以提高理论的应用性与针对性，加强实践的目的性与规范性。经济的全球化与教育国际化，使教育不仅具有公益性，而且表现出与企业相同、甚至更加突出的产业性；知识的生成性与构建性为合作教育的实施奠定了认知理论基础。随着教师教育的发展，其培养模式和办学方式越来越依赖于多部门的分工合作；合作教育的出现为教师教育进行多部门合作培养人才，提供了一种借鉴。     

对专业型教师教育问题的综述研究

我国的教师教育是专业型教师教育。从颁布《教师法》以来，这种教师教育以对国外教师专业化建构模式的本土化移植为起点，经历了从对“专业”的界定到教师专业化理论成型、从教师专业发展路径拓展到基本理论夯实、从对教师专业化的质疑到新教师教育范式在望的曲折历程。     

特殊教育教师专业化问题研究

文章主要介绍了教师专业化的含义以及特殊教育教师应符合的三个标准;重点阐述中国特殊教育教师专业化过程中存在的问题,并建议分别从改革特殊教育教师的培养体制、聘任和选拔体制、完善培训体制三方面加以扶持。促进我国特殊教育教师专业化的快速发展。