“德福矛盾”问题的解析

现实生活中的＂德福矛盾＂要在制度的不完善、道德观念的转轨、公民意识的缺失以及媒体的负面引导等方面找原因。在理论上可以论证德福之间的关系是一致的,在实践上可以通过完善制度、开展荣辱观教育、提升公民意识、发挥媒体舆论的正面作用等方面解决德福之间的矛盾,实现德福一致。     

The memorial ceremony in Israeli schools: between the State and civil society

Exploring memorial ceremonies conducted in Israeli schools over the past decade, this paper discusses the school memorial ceremony as a potential site for struggle over national identities, and schools as the social arena of an encounter between the State and civil society. Analysis of 50 ethnographies (elicited from semi‐structured observations) revealed that school memorial ceremonies constitute a diversified interpretative field, which includes both canonic characteristics and elements of innovation and resistance. This ceremonial field is characterized by a tension between expressing ‘other voices’ of civil society and the process of cooptation into the national collective.     

Family Conflict,Mood, and Adolescents' Daily School Problems: Moderating Roles of Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms

Using daily diary data, this study examined cross‐day associations between family conflict and school problems and tested mediating effects of daily negative mood and moderating effects of psychological symptoms. For 2 weeks, parents and adolescents (N = 106; M_age = 15.4) reported daily conflict; adolescents reported daily negative mood and school problems. Results indicated bidirectional, multiday spillover between parent–adolescent conflict and school problems with daily negative mood statistically accounting for spillover both within and across days. Externalizing symptoms strengthened links between father–adolescent conflict and school problems, whereas depressive and anxious symptoms strengthened links between parent–adolescent conflict and daily negative mood. By demonstrating cross‐domain transmission of daily problems, these findings highlight the salience of everyday events as possible intervention targets.     

Prospects of adolescent students collaborating with teachers in addressing issues of bullying and conflict in schools

Advice to schools on countering bullying has emphasised the need for a whole school approach. This implies close collaboration between students and teachers. Little attention, however, has been paid to how students view the prospects of such collaboration. Two student surveys (n=7091 and n=632) were conducted among Australian adolescent schoolchildren, average age 14 years. The results suggest that approximately 40% of the students believed that teachers were not usually interested in taking action to stop bullying and a similar proportion were either opposed or unsure whether they should collaborate. Multiple regression analysis indicated that students who were more involved in bully/victim encounters as either as bullies or as victims were more likely than others to disparage the conflict resolution skills of teachers. In addition, bullies were particularly inclined to judge teachers as unfair in their behaviour toward students. The implications of these findings for the implementation of whole school approaches to conflict and bullying and for teacher education are discussed.     

The influence of closing poor performing primary schools on the educational attainment of students

This paper examines whether the closure of poor performing primary schools improved students' educational attainment. It is believed that school closure affects children's educational outcomes positively because children switch to better primary schools. At the same time, school closure creates a social disturbance such that educational outcomes may be affected negatively. There is no previous literature on the effect of this type of school closure on student performance. The empirical results indicate that student test scores are not affected by the school closure. Children are, however, tracked into higher secondary education levels after the school closure if they received more education years at the new primary school. This effect fades out and eventually becomes negative for children who received more than one education year at the new primary school. The results further suggest that there are no detrimental effects of a school closure in terms of educational performance.     

《合同法》中间接代理制度评析

英美法中的不公开本人身份的代理和大陆法中的行纪制度在理论上被认为是大相径庭的制度，但在我国新《合同法》中它们却并列存在，两是否会产生冲突为人们所关注。本得出的结论是：两在实践中的互补性很强，不会产生法律适用上的冲突。     

论苏南冲突中的希腊因素

1946年希腊共产党领导的武装起义重新爆发后,南斯拉夫给予了巨大援助,而此时的苏联却持消极态度.之所以出现这种矛盾,是苏南两国在如何应对西方国家的冷战政策问题上存在分歧.南斯拉夫主张战略进攻,苏联则坚持战略防御.这种对外战略的分歧,突出地表现在希腊内战问题上.如何对待希腊的内战问题,是苏南冲突形成的重要因素.     

Stronger disciplinary identities in multidisciplinary research schools

In this study, two multidisciplinary Social Sciences and Humanities research schools in Sweden have been investigated regarding disciplinary identity-making. This study investigates the meetings between different disciplines around a common thematic area of study for Ph.D. students. The Ph.D. students navigate through a complex social and organisational landscape with obligations and loyalties towards the discipline and the research school, which may be in conflict with each other. The main finding is that a multidisciplinary environment in fact creates strong disciplinary identities, partly in contrast to the purpose with the multidisciplinary research school. Encounters with Ph.D. students from other disciplines give the Ph.D. student something to relate to and to discuss e.g. with the supervisor. Another finding is that multidisciplinary research schools extend the perspectives of students. For some, new methods and theories from neighbouring disciplines were integrated and used, while for others the empirical scope of research was affected.     

Investigating the effectiveness of institutional-level support teams at full-service schools in South Africa

In South Africa Education White Paper 6 introduced the establishment of Institutional-Level Support Teams (ILST) at school level to support the learning and teaching process by identifying and addressing learner, teacher and institutional needs. The core priority of these teams is to implement properly co-ordinated learner and teacher support services. This paper therefore explores the effectiveness of the ILSTs in providing support services at Full-Service Schools (FSS). In this article the Rubin, Plovnick and Fry's GRPI model of team effectiveness (1977) was used to explore the effectiveness of the ILSTs in selected schools. By means of focus group interviews, data was generated from two strata, namely ILST members and district officials working directly with FSS. The study was a case study within a qualitative research design. Data was analysed using an inductive analytical framework and a group interpretive data analysis method. The results indicate some efficacy of support provision, but with numerous challenges regarding attention to the desired results, agreement on the standards and expectations, misunderstanding of the boundaries in which ILSTs operate, individual and shared responsibilities, conflict resolution, and effective methods for dealing with conflict.     

试论学校的侵权责任--兼论学校对未成年人的保护

学校法律地位和学生与学校的法律关系是确定学校侵权责任的基础;学校对学生造成侵权责任的性质和构成要件有其自身特点;学校侵权的法律适用包括民法和教育法律、法规;限制民事行为能力的学生对侵权行为的发生有过错的,学校可减轻责任.     

Parent decision-making when selecting schools: The case of Nepal

This paper analyzes the parent decision-making processes underlying school selection in Nepal. The analysis is based on primary survey and focus group data collected from parent meetings in diverse local education markets in two districts of Nepal in 2011. It highlights three main arguments that are less frequently discussed in the context of school choice, including in developing countries. First, children who go to public schools play a significant role in their own decision-making on schooling; this complicates the currently predominant conceptualization that schooling decisions are primarily made by parents and school officials. Second, the gradual growth in private schools has led to significant sorting of students and created a stigma around public education. Finally, in contexts such as Nepal, that suffer from political conflict, and poor conditions for law and order, a school’s proximity to their home becomes a greater priority for students and families.     

影响城市小学生家庭心理环境的父母因素

家庭心理环境是指人为因素形成的家庭条件,包括家庭中一切成员的世界观、气质、道德修养、家庭活动氛围等。研究采用家长报告法,用家庭环境量表(FES-CV)(第三修订版)对城市46名小学4年级学生进行调查。结果表明:(1)城市小学生家庭环境中的亲密度、娱乐性、组织性和控制性四个因子的得分显著高于全国常模,成功性因子显著低于全国常模;(2)城市小学生父母受教育程度和职业类型均对家庭环境因子的影响存在显著差异,但总体影响作用不突出;(3)在家庭知识性因子上,父母文化程度均为大学的得分高于或显著高于大专或高中家庭。母亲为企业职员的得分显著高于专业技术、无业和自由职业三类家庭;(4)在家庭情感表达因子上,父亲为企业职员的得分高于专业技术、政府和自由职业三类家庭;母亲为自由职业者的得分高于或显著高于无业、企业、政府和专业技术人员四类家庭;(5)父亲文化程度与家庭环境的知识性因子呈显著正相关,而与道德宗教观因子呈显著负相关;(6)母亲文化程度与家庭环境的控制性因子呈显著正相关。     

Are students in receiving schools hurt by the closing of low-Performing schools? Effects of school closures on receiving schools in Sweden 2000–2016

This article aims to investigate how students in receiving schools are affected by school closures. The effects are analyzed in a quasi-experimental study of all Swedish middle schools that received displaced students from 2000 to 2016, utilizing family fixed effects. The results show that the inflow of displaced students had a negative effect on student outcomes in the receiving schools in terms of average grades and test scores and that this effect increased over time. However, student achievement among nondisplaced students in the receiving schools was not affected by the inflow of displaced students, even when the displaced students came from relatively low-performing schools.     

Competition and the quality of public schools

A growing body of empirical research has provided provocative evidence that competition from private schools improves student achievement in neighboring public schools. However, this uniform conclusion has been based on fundamentally different empirical specifications. This study examines the importance of these different specifications by presenting new evidence on the relationship between public school quality and competition from private schools. This evidence is based on a unique data set that contains consistently defined high school graduation rates for the unified school districts in 18 states. The results indicate that empirical strategies which rely exclusively on ordinary least-squares (OLS) can lead to misleading inferences because of omitted variables bias and the simultaneous determination of the demand for private schools and public school quality. Nonetheless, two-stage least-squares (2SLS) estimates indicate that competition from private schools does have a positive and statistically significant impact on the high school graduation rates of neighboring public schools.     

初中阶段家校沟通的有效方式初探

做好家校沟通,使学校和家庭教育形成合力,才能取得教育教学的最佳效果。然而传统的家校沟通方式存在着弊端,通过分析家校沟通方式和认识上的不足,提出适宜初中阶段的有效的家校沟通方式。     

The impact of charter schools on the efficiency of traditional public schools: Evidence from Michigan

This paper examines the competitive effects of charter schools on the efficiency of traditional public schools. The analysis utilizes a statewide school-level longitudinal dataset of Michigan schools from 1994 to 2004. Fixed effect and two alternative estimation methods are employed. Overall, the results suggest that charter competition had a negative impact on student achievement and school efficiency in Michigan's traditional public schools. The effect is small or negligible in the short run, but becomes more substantial in the long run.     

论师生文化冲突

师生冲突是学校中较为常见的一种现象,从文化的角度来研究师生冲突,有助于分析其产生的深层原因。师生文化冲突指的是持不同性质文化的教师与学生在价值观念和行为方式上的对立、对抗。社会转型期的师生文化冲突,呈现多样的具体形态,且复杂难解、激烈速变,具有意义深远的影响。师生文化冲突尽管会损害冲突双方的健康、影响课堂教学的进行、削弱学校教育的实效,但是它在协调师生关系、促进师生进步、推动学校变革与发展等方面具有不可忽视的积极意义。     

School leadership during violent conflict: rethinking education for peace in Nepal and beyond

This paper outlines the impact and professional tensions created by the decade-long armed conflict (1996–2006) on school leadership in Nepal. Drawing on qualitative interviews and discussions with school heads and teachers (n?=?92), the study reveals that the onerous pressure of pupils’ safety during crisis ultimately fell upon teachers and school leaders who faced direct violence on school grounds and communities they lived in. It was found that school heads were traumatised by consistent pressures, as manifested in the form of financial extortion, physical threats and abductions by the Maoists while the security forces frequently harassed them as Maoist sympathisers or confederates. Maintaining relational equilibrium with warring parties in order to ensure their personal and school survival was a traumatic experience. Despite the enormity of effects on education during conflict, the post-conflict educational debates largely undermine the voice of those who were at the frontlines during crisis. These findings provide useful insights into the ‘experiential dimension’ of civil conflict at schools in conflict zones and implications for educational programming.     

试从多元文化教育视角看流动儿童所在公办学校的教育

实施全民教育,推进教育机会均等,是当前中国教育改革的一个重要目标。随着进入城市公办学校的流动儿童数量增多,公办学校如何在多元文化背景下开展适合当地学生和流动儿童的教育,是迫切需要关注的问题。从多元文化教育的内涵出发,探讨流动儿童所在公办学校中存在的文化差异和碰撞,并针对公办学校现状提出观念、管理、课程设置、教学等方面的建议。