Managing university culture: an analysis of the relationship between institutional culture and management approaches

Universities are complex social organizations with distinctive cultures. On the one hand, academic freedom and autonomy are inviolable values and, on the other hand, changing environmental conditions exert strong influence on the primary functions of universities. This paper analyzes the ability of university cultures to adapt to these changes and describes management approaches that mirror the specific culture of a university. Various methods for assessing culture are described, a typology for interpreting university culture is introduced, and management approaches are analyzed. For administrators as well as researchers this work helps to explain the implications of university culture for management processes. This integration steers university leadership in a new direction combining strategic and symbolic management actions.     

公司法视野下家族式治理与现代公司治理之比较

目前,中国家族企业正处于治理结构调整和完善的重要历史时期.学界对家族企业和家族武治理存在着种种不同的观点和意见.研究家族企业治理问题应从不同视角着眼,坚持辩证的观点,既要看到其与现代公司治理相比较而存在的缺陷,也要看到其长处.对家族式治理,在力求做到保留家族企业最终控制权的同时,应有选择地将现代公司治理的优势融入其中,并从法律角度进行相应规制,形成适合中国国情的规范的家族企业治理模式.     

传统家文化对家族企业管理风格的影响

家族企业是比较普遍存在的企业组织形式,在我国的经济发展中起着重要的作用。我国的家族企业管理受到了传统家文化的很大影响。文章详细地阐述了我国家文化的主要特点以及其对家族企业管理风格的影响,最后提出了对家族企业未来发展的几点建议。     

我国大学学术管理组织改革初探

当前,行政权力与学术权力的严重失衡已经成为制约我国现代大学制度建立的重要障碍。加强大学学术管理组织是提升学术权力、建立现代大学制度的有效途径。针对我国大学学术管理组织中存在的弊病,提出了营造宽松环境,完善组织机构,健全规章制度,规范组织关系以及提升学术诚信等建议以加强大学学术管理组织。     

浅析民营企业全面预算管理

在发达国家,全面预算管理是广泛使用的一种企业管理方法,我国现阶段并未在企业中推行,尤其是在民营企业中。而事实上,民营企业面临改善法人治理结构和应对外部竞争等问题,推广全面预算管理更有其必要性;本文分析了部分民营企业在实行全面预算管理中存在的一些问题,并对如何完善民营企业的全面预算管理提出了建议。     

Integrating lifelong learning in university management

Universities in a capitalistic society have been expected to produce graduates for the labour market which in turn contributes to the economic development of the nation. In today's environment where the social spending on education grows faster than the economy, it becomes increasingly difficult for the education system to maintain an existing level of provision. Hence, institutions are required to legitimate themselves through the value they provide. The capitalistic process in Hong Kong has generated the demand for lifelong learning in the higher education system. The resulting evolution of the system has compelled the policy makers of higher education to redefine the purpose of higher education and re-evaluate the university management. This paper discusses Liu's (1997) holistic approach of evaluating and planning for the university academic programmes as well as building an ‘enterprise culture’ at the institutional level with a Hong Kong case analysis. When strategically planning for the future in a volatile and transient environment, university management plays an important role in integrating continuing professional education (CPE) and mainstream academic programmes and in cultivating a market-oriented ‘institutional enterprise-culture’ which responds to environmental changes more proactively.     

高校跨学科科研组织的有效管理——多案例实证研究

基于绩效管理的基本原理和大学学术组织的特征,本文提出跨学科科研组织绩效的基本分析框架和研究假设,选择了华中科技大学12个跨学科科研组织进行多案例实证分析。结果发现:合适的组织结构是高绩效的重要前提;在运行机制方面,自觉和人情、合作伙伴、精神激励、混合交流方式、传统道德等因素对组织绩效效果明显;学术带头人不仅要具备多学科的知识背景,更要有相关的管理素质和经验;跨学科科研项目研究与跨学科人才培养的有机结合,有利于科研成果的产出、跨学科人才培养,甚至于新学科的产生;学校的支持和政策也很关键。     

图书馆管理与知识管理关系探析

知识经济时代,传统图书馆管理的种种弊端已不能适应新的时代要求。知识管理作为一种新的管理思想和工具,已在国内外许多企业内卓有成效地实施。研究知识管理与图书馆管理关系,借鉴知识管理思想,对于提升图书馆服务创新能力具有重要意义。     

Conceptualizing curriculum management in an effective secondary school: a Western Australian case study

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the linkages between management processes and the curriculum using an academically effective secondary school as a case study. The aims of the study are twofold. First, in view of the acknowledged importance governments and others place on the quality of school leadership and management on the one hand and curriculum, teaching and learning reforms on the other, there is a need for empirical data as to how school leaders and managers work to secure improvements in curriculum, teaching and learning. This study purports to provide such data. The second aim acknowledges the need to develop conceptual frameworks and data collection instruments as aids to better understanding of complex relationships within school organizations.two deputy principals do play an indirect and important part in promoting academic performance by reinforcing school values in a wide variety of ways. Third, curriculum management is the responsibility of senior teachers and there is tight linkage between both senior teachers and teachers and high quality teaching and learning. Finally, the loose linkage between departments, and also between departments and senior management, provides little opportunity for a school‐wide approach to curriculum matters. It is evident that a whole‐school curriculum management perspective is absent in this school.     

地方普通本科院校在向应用型转型发展中 应加强基层学术组织建设

大学内部组织机构是实现大学职能的重要载体,大学作为一所学术性机构,其基层学术组织是大学组织有效运行的重要基础。当前,地方普通本科院校基层学术组织在发展中的地位和作用被忽视,权力和责任有限,存在发展方向模糊和发展实力不强等问题。在当前地方普通本科院校持续不断向应用型转型发展的形势下,应重视基层学术组织的地位和作用,加强基层学术组织的管理,探索基层学术组织的发展内容与方式,从而增强地方普通本科院校向应用型院校转型发展的效果。     

地方大学基层学术组织治理问题及对策研究

基层学术组织是履行大学职能,实现大学发展目标的重要实体,地方大学由于自身基础条件先天不足,学术实力孱弱,功能严重弱化,极大制约自身发展。面对日趋激烈的竞争形势,构建多元化的基层学术组织体系,优化学术组织权力运行机制,构建科学的学术评价机制,加强学术组织的运行保障建设,是有效提升基层学术组织治理能力的重要路径。     

Simply Complex by Design

Reality‐real life‐is complex, more complex than can be imagined. The majority of our most pressing issues confronted in the management of organizations are overwhelmingly complex. I make the case for a systems design approach as a remedy. Examples introduced in this paper illuminate conceptual tools that advance how people transform their workplaces despite the collusion of complex forces that thwart their best efforts and the occurrences of failures of straightforward attempts to produce desired outcomes. The primary aim of this paper is to present an overall picture of the way in which complexity and simplicity—which appear to be oppositional—are collaborative allies in the deliberate processes of transforming businesses. The aim is also to underscore the value of complexity to organizational management and design. The secondary aim of this paper is to explore some approaches for simplifying complexity. These diverse means of simplifying complexity help to illuminate the collaborative role that complexity and simplicity play in the process of improving business organizations. This paper demonstrates how complexity can be rendered more simply comprehensible by design.     

Managing Organizational Culture in Intercollegiate Athletic Organizations

The purpose of this paper is to link concepts of organizational culture, traditionally viewed from a corporate perspective, to management of intercollegiate athletic organizations. Relevant literature is reviewed to identify definitions and components of organizational culture, as well as elements of cultural strength. The relationship of culture to transformational leadership is recognized and ideas regarding how culture has been deciphered and managed in a corporate setting are presented. In addition, a critical perspective regarding organizational culture is examined and recognition is given to the importance of democratic ideals in the development of a “positive” culture. Recognizing that strong positive culture in a corporate organization generally equates with overall success, the implications for athletic organizations are important. These implications are discussed, and suggestions for athletic administrators and head coaches regarding culture management in collegiate sport organizations are presented.     

University-industry entrepreneurship: The organization and management of American university technology transfer units

Mechanisms for increasing technology transfer between universities and industry have proliferated rapidly in the United States as institutions of higher education have become much more entrepreneurial. The economic implications of these activities have received substantial attention and the sociological aspects of this process have been vigorously debated (e.g. the effect of university-industry relationships on academic integrity). Much less consideration has been given to the successful organization and management of these emerging university service units. The study presents results of a national survey of the organization, management, and perceived performance effectiveness of university technology transfer units. Units studied included: licensing and patenting offices (units seeking commercial applications for university research); small business development centers (units providing technical or managerial assistance to entrepreneurs or small businesses); research and technology centers (units operating or participating in facilities for the development of new technology); incubators (units managing facilities in support of new technology-based businesses); and investment/endowment offices (units utilizing the university's financial resources for equity in start-up businesses). The implications of the research for university management and government policy are explored.     

旅游企业文化建设之我见

现代旅游更加突出了文化的内涵与价值,旅游企业文化便成为决定旅游企业兴衰的关键因素。旅游企业文化在旅游企业管理中起着一定作用,现代旅游企业的竞争本质上是文化的竞争。加快我国旅游企业文化建设的进程应从以下几点着手：提供人性化服务,建设诚信文化,重视旅游的文化内涵,树立“大旅游”观念,实施绿色管理。旨在促进我国旅游企业提升管理水平,走可持续发展的道路。     

旅游管理专业的实践教学

普通高等教育旅游管理专业在加强学位教育的同时,也迫切需要提高学生职业能力。我们的实践教学不仅让实习生在第一线尝试了劳动过程,也学会了解决旅游企业具体管理问题的方法,甚至还对旅游企业创造出的经验进行了整理,对今后如何提高人才培养质量起到了带动和示范作用。实践教学取得的可喜收获包括:对学生而言,提高了技能、增长了见识、运用了知识、感受了职业精神,同时也受到了磨练,尝试了创新与奉献的喜悦;对教师而言开阔了思路、抓到了企业症结、找到了新的研究课题。概括主要做法包括:处理好学校与企业的关系、协调好学生的理想与现实的关系、排列好教学与实践的关系、摆布好管理与自立的关系。进一步提高实践教学质量仍有许多工作要做。     

Can performance management work in Australian universities?

Performance appraisal and performance management are much discussed topics at the moment and are widely promoted as tools for maximising the effectiveness of an institution's human resources. This paper will consider the lessons to be learnt from consideration of the private sector experience, and discuss the issues raised in a recent review of a performance management program implemented for general staff at the University of New South Wales (UNSW). The matters highlighted by the review appear to be common to most Australian universities, and we argue that until these issues are addressed performance management, including appraisal, is unlikely to work effectively in the university context for either general or academic staff.     

大学学术创新与组织创新

大学学术创新需要进行组织创新。利于学术创新的组织特征表现为自由性、共生性和自组织性。我国大学基层尚存在诸多不利于学术创新的组织因素,大学学术创新决定了对基层学术组织发生变革的要求。大学基层学术组织要通过组织结构的扁平化和矩阵型建设、学术权力的基层倾斜和管理的伦理化改革为学术创新发展扫除障碍。     

论大学文化及其养成

大学文化是教师、学生和管理者共同传承和创造的精神成果的总和,是学校传统和学校作风的综合体现,是大学区别于其他社会组织的重要象征,是一所大学赖以生存和发展的重要根基和不竭动力,是大学的精神和灵魂。大学从本质上讲是学术机构,发展学术、追求真理、培养人才是大学的使命,因此,建设民主、科学、平等、高效的制度文化,是当前高校面临的迫切任务;行为文化是师生员工在学校所表现出的精神状态、行为操守和文化品位,它是学校精神、价值观和办学理念的动态反应;大学是一种特殊的环境,它既来自现实社会,服务于社会,又高于现实社会,因此,大学必须重视建设优良的环境文化,坚持以经过精心设计、改造的物质环境和经过选择提炼的精神环境熏陶学生,让整个校园环境起到潜移默化的育人作用。