Multi-objective genetic algorithm for the optimization of road surface cleaning process

INTRODUCTION The technology of using waterjet for cleaning is an important problem in engineering. There are many researches on using waterjets for cleaning. Most of them are focused on the relationship between clean-ing parameters and cleaning effectiveness (Louis and Schikorr, 1982; Summers, 1982; Liu et al., 1999; Taggart et al., 2002). However, few researches are related to the optimization of cleaning parameters to improve cleaning performance even if it is very cru-cial for fully…     

Experimental study of the pinned double rectangular tube assembled buckling-restrained brace

In this study, seven pinned double-rectangular tube assembled buckling-restrained brace (DRT-ABRB) specimens were experimentally characterised by means of an axial cyclic test. The core member of the specimens was a single flat-plate. Two rectangular tubes were assembled using high strength bolts to form an external restraining member. Each rectangular tube was composed of an external steel channel and a cover plate. A gap or thin rubber filler was set between the core and the external restraining member to form an unbonded layer. The influence of several design parameters on the failure mode and energy dissipation capacity of the ABRB was investigated, including the height of the core wing plate, thickness of the external cover plate, and height of the external channel flange. This experimental study demonstrated that a local pressure-bearing failure at the end of the external member arises when the external cover plate is too thin or if the end construction detail is unreasonable. When the end rotations of the DRT-ABRB were restricted, the hysteretic performance was shown to be superior to that of a pure pinned DRT-ABRB. Finally, all the tested DRT-ABRBs exhibited excellent energy dissipation performance which amply satisfied existing regulation requirements.     

圆锥头弹体正撞击薄钢板的破坏模式和数值模拟研究

撞击损伤特性研究是防护设计的一个重要问题。在临界破裂速度下,对薄钢板在不同圆锥角的圆锥形子弹正撞击下的破坏模式进行了实验研究,实验表明：当圆锥角小于110°时,板为穿孔型破坏;当圆锥角大于110°时,板为冲塞型破坏。基于实验结果,应用LS-DYNA有限元程序数值模拟了子弹撞击薄钢板的过程,通过计算结果与实验结果的比较,证明了LS-DYNA程序数值模拟预测薄钢板撞击的有效性。     

Containment of high-speed rotating disk fragments

Disk burst accidents sometimes happen in aeroengines. To avoid tragic consequences, aeroengine casings must have sufficient containment capability. Experiments and simulations need to be conducted to study the impact, distortion, and perforation caused by disk burst and which may give important clues to potential failure mechanisms. This paper presents some containment tests of high-speed rotating disk fragments, in which the original disks were burst into three equal fragments within a predetermined rotating speed range. The failure modes of the containment casing varied significantly with the thickness of the containment casing. Shearing, tearing, tensile fracture, and large plastic stretching deformation occurred in a thin-walled containment casing, while a thick-walled casing could contain disk fragments and withstand large plastic deformation. Numerical simulations were carried out to study the impact process and failure modes further. Good agreement was found between the results of the simulations and the tests.     

页岩气钻采井口平板阀的设计

阐述了页岩气钻采井口平板阀的工作原理、结构特点和性能特性。基于API 6A规范设计和平板阀的设计计算公式,该阀采用单阀板浮动阀座结构,使用液压作为阀门开关驱动力,并在阀板和阀座密封副上热喷涂硬质合金涂层,使其具有耐高压、耐磨损、密封性好的特点。     

Simulation of Fragment Impact on Multi-Layer Targets Using Contact Method

Cased explosives generate highly energetic fragments as their casing breaks up. Due to the complexity of casing fragment related behavior such as embedment, perforation and ricochet, it may be insufficient to use equivalent triangular pressure loading in fragment impact simulations. This simplified method may over- or under-predict the target response. Recently, a procedure using contact techniques has been proposed to overcome such difficulties. It has been shown that the new method has the inherent capability in modeling the multi-piece and multi-hit fragment impact problems in a more realistic way. To investigate the applicability of the proposed method to simulations involving multi-layer penetration, the selected problems of fragment impact on multi-layer targets are described in this paper. It is demonstrated that this method is capable of predicting the complicated multi-layer structural response caused by fragment impact and penetration. Modeling procedures and some technical issues are also discussed.     

Simulation of Fragment Impact on Multi-Layer Targets Using Contact Method

Cased explosives generate highly energetic fragments as their casing breaks up. Due to the complexity of casing fragment related behavior such as embedment, perforation and ricochet, it may be insufficient to use equivalent triangular pressure loading in fragment impact simulations. This simplified method may over- or under-predict the target response. Recently, a procedure using contact techniques has been proposed to overcome such difficulties. It has been shown that the new method has the inherent capability in modeling the multi-piece and multi-hit fragment impact problems in a more realistic way. To investigate the applicability of the proposed method to simulations involving multi-layer penetration, the selected problems of fragment impact on multi-layer targets are described in this paper. It is demonstrated that this method is capable of predicting the complicated multi-layer structural response caused by fragment impact and penetration, Modeling procedures and some technical issues are also discussed.     

Features of flow past square cylinder with a perforated plate

A numerical investigation was performed on the reduction of the fluid forces acting on the square cylinder in the laminar flow regime with a perforated plate. The effects of geometric parameters such as the distance between the square cylinder and the perforated plate on the wake of the square cylinder were discussed. Furthermore, the flow characteristics such as the drag coefficient, lift coefficient, Strouhal number and flow pattern were obtained. It can be concluded that the drag force of the square cylinder reduces to some extent due to the addition of the perforated plate. The flow structure varies when the perforated plate is located behind the square cylinder. Moreover, the recirculation zone augments with the increase of L/D, and the vortex trace on the upper and lower surface of the square cylinder moves gradually backwards until a stable recirculation zone formed between the square cylinder and the perforated plate.     

Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Plate Impacted by Block

A new concept of structurally dissipating rock-shed (SDR) was developed by the lab of Tonello IC and LOCIE-ESIGEC (France). To decide the dimension of the plate used in SDR, an ANSYS model which could simulate the impact of rock in the centre of the plate was established by Fabien Delhomme. By using this model, some finite element analyses are carried out in the present paper. Firstly, a plate impacted by a block is numerically simulated, the numerical results obtained from different mesh sizes are compared and the accuracy of the finite element model is verified. Then, the dynamic response of the plate impacted at the boundary and in the medium part is computed. By analyzing the stress in rebar, the most dangerous region of impact of plate was found. For a rectangular plate, the most dangerous region is at the corner of the plate when a block drops in. Finally, the whole deformation process of the plate under dropping block was simulated and a simplified definition (effect zone) to describe the deformation process in different positions of plate was given. From this study, it is found that the impact only affects heavily within the effect zone.     

钛合金板裂纹损伤声发射源的信号特征分析

针对钛合金损伤在役监测需要,提出了采用声发射实时动态监测技术.利用有限元分析方法,通过建立钛合金板结构模型,并对其中不同类型、不同上升时间与不同传导距离的裂纹源开展研究,利用小波方法和频散曲线分析声发射源的特征频率与模态.仿真实验结果表明,在设定适当的上升时间与传导距离时,不同类型的声发射源有着不同的特征频率与模态,根...     

Distribution of Welding Residual Stress of Mixed Steel U-Rib-Stiffened Plates

To analyze the effects of width and thickness of each composition element of mixed steel U-rib-stiffened plates on the welding residual stress distribution, the distribution of the U-rib and the plate residual stress was calculated using a simplified calculation method. The method involved welding the mixed steel U-rib-stiffened plates for a structure with different sizes and different strength ratios of U-rib to plate. Based on a welding residual stress numerical simulation method validated by the blind hole method test, the distribution law of the mixed steel U-rib stiffened plate was studied. The results showed that the change of plate width has little impact on the welding residual stress and that the ratio of the thicknesses of the plate to U-rib stiffeners, the thickness of the plate, and the thickness of the U-rib has a great influence on the distribution of the welding residual stress. The thickness of plate and steel strength also greatly influenced the distribution width of the residual tensile stress. While analyzing the compression capacity of U-rib-stiffened plates, the simplified distribution of welding residual stress was used.     

一个Linux多路径磁盘过滤驱动程序

研究Linux系统中多路径磁盘过滤驱动程序的设计和实现。驱动程序将物理磁盘的多路径封装为一个虚拟没备。虚拟设备的I／O请求转发到磁盘设备上执行,由路径选择算法将主机的负载均衡地分配到各路径上。当路径发生故障时由驱动程序将失败的I／O请求切换到其它路径,屏蔽了路径故障。驱动程序利用多路径改善了主机的I／O性能,提高了系统的可用性。     

基于SEVNDB试样岩石复合断裂韧度测试:数值分析与标定

提出了一种利用非对称三点弯曲加载下的单边垂直切槽深梁试件(SEVNDB)开展岩石Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合断裂韧度测试方法。通过有限元法对试件的无量纲应力强度因子进行了数值分析与标定,研究了无量纲应力强度因子YⅠ、YⅡ及无量纲T应力T*与裂纹长度a、支座间距S1、S2之间的关系,定量刻画了实现纯Ⅱ型加载对应的裂纹长度a、支座间距(S1和S2)数值。研究结果表明,该方法在不改变试样裂缝倾角的前提下,通过调整裂缝长度a和支座间距S1、S2,即可方便地实现从纯Ⅰ型到纯Ⅱ型任意复合度载荷作用下的岩石断裂韧度测试。     

基于文字特征的文档碎片拼接复原研究

分析了利用图像拼接技术以及基于文档碎片几何特征的文档碎片自动拼接方法的缺点,提出了基于文字特征的文档碎片拼接复原的新方法。该方法首先将文档碎片图像数字化处理后得到灰度矩阵。提取文档碎片中的文字特征,获得文档碎片左侧白色灰度距离以及文档碎片中心距离向量：然后利用中心匹配法对文档碎片进行聚类分析得到同行文档碎片,并建立最小距离模型对同行文档碎片进行拼接,得到若干行碎片;最后再次利用最小距离模型将行碎片进行拼接．从而实现文档碎片的拼接复原。试验表明新方法提出的拼接算法真实可靠。     

车身用6061-T6铝合金薄板电阻点焊工艺参数研究

采用MULTISPOT MI-100电阻焊机,对车身用6061-T6铝合金薄板实施电阻点焊,研究并得到电阻点焊最佳工艺参数。然后,运用正交试验方案和极差分析方法对电阻焊工艺参数进行试验和进一步优化设计。在对2mm厚度的6061-T6铝合金薄板进行搭接电阻点焊后,分析焊接外观并完成拉伸测试,测试结果表明:当焊接电流60KA、焊接压力0.63MPa、板材厚度2.00mm时,试样所获得的点焊接头无明显缺陷,成型较好,具有良好的焊接质量和外观,其抗拉剪力值最大为5.583KN。     

基于SVDD的航空发动机主轴轴承性能退化状态评估

静电监测技术以其优越的早期故障发现能力为航空发动机主轴轴承的状态监测提供了一种有效手段,但是单一特征参数对轴承全寿命状态反应存在不一致或不灵敏,针对这一问题,提出一种基于支持向量描述（SVDD）的静电监测多特征参数融合评估方法。首先通过主元分析将高维数据进行简化处理,实现数据从高维到低维的转化,然后建立正常状态的支持向量描述基准模型,以测试数据与基准模型的距离作为反映轴承性能退化的量化指标,并与振动监测进行了对比。实验表明,所提方法能够更有效反映轴承性能退化状态的变化。     

Numerical prediction of statistical masonry wall fragment distribution induced by blast loading

The hazard caused by the fragments of damaged structures is usually significant in acci-dental explosions or hostile blast events.A reliable and efficient method to estimate probable fragment size,velocity and launch distance will be useful to assess and design countermeasures to mitigate the possible fragment hazards.This paper presents a numerical method for predicting the size and launch distance of the fragments caused by explosive damage of masonry wall.Numerical simulations with different scaled distances are carried out,and the statistical distribution functions of the fragment size and launch distance in terms of the scaled distance are derived.     

同尺寸弯振圆盘辐射声场指向性研究

对薄圆盘的弯曲振动和辐射声场的特性进行了研究,推导出了三种边界条件下圆盘辐射声场指向性的数值表达式,编制程序并研究其声辐射特性。结果表明,相同尺寸不同边界条件下圆盘指向性的尖锐程度不同,固定边界条件下圆盘辐射声场指向性最佳,自由边界条件下较差,并且随着圆盘模式和几何尺寸的增加各边界条件下圆盘的指向性均逐渐变差。     

大专院校Windows 2000终端服务网络解决方案

目前大专院校计算机机房多采用Nove LL 无盘DOS工作站或Windows NT 无盘Win95远程启动工作站，而多数Windows应用程序不能使用，计算机面临升级问题，提出了解决这个问题的方案。     

Fusion of ERT images based on Dempster-Shafer’s evidence theory

In this paper, an electrical resistance tomography（ERT） imaging method is used as a classifier, and then the Dempster-Shafer＇s evidence theory with fuzzy clustering is integrated to improve the ERT image quality. The fuzzy clustering is applied to determining the key mass function, and dealing with the uncertain, incomplete and inconsistent measured imaging data in ERT. The proposed method was applied to images with the same investigated object under eight typical current drive patterns. Experiments were performed on a group of simulations using COMSOL Multiphysics tool and measurements with a piece of porcine lung and a pair of porcine kidneys as test materials. Compared with any single drive pattern, the proposed method can provide images with a spatial resolution of about 10% higher, while the time resolution was almost the same.