屏障环境《实验动物机构质量和能力的通用要求(GB/T27416-2014)》的践行与探索

《实验动物机构质量和能力的通用要求》(GB/T27416-2014)国家标准发布以来,上海市越来越多的实验动物设施参照该标准完善管理,实验动物设施管理水平得到了提高。现从我国现行实验动物相关法规、国家标准出发,通过2015年度对上海市140个实验动物屏障设施的年检情况汇总以及对30%以上的屏障设施单位实地监督抽查,梳理了目前上海市辖区内实验动物屏障环境设施该标准执行的基本情况,总结了各类实验动物屏障设施在实施《实验动物机构质量和能力的通用要求》(GB/T27416-2014)管理过程中固化下来的主要管理经验和做法,探讨实验动物屏障环境的规范化管理。     

医学院校屏障环境开放性动物实验室管理初探

针对高等医学院校屏障环境开放性动物实验室管理的特殊性,在实践经验的基础上,从人员、动物、设施运行和规章制度与操作规程5个方面总结了屏障环境开放性动物实验室管理方面应注意的问题.参照国家有关实验动物标准,结合屏障设施,建立了一套行之有效的屏障环境实验室运行管理规范,提高了医学院校屏障环境管理水平.     

医药院校教学实验室对于实验动物的安全防控探析

高校实验室作为重要的教学和科研基地,是开展人才培养、科学研究和社会服务等活动的重要场所,必须具备良好的实验环境和必要的安全设施。尤其医药院校,教学实验室的安全防控重要性更加不言而喻。分析了医药院校教学实验室内进行动物实验,可能存在的实验动物的生物安全隐患及其相关因素。从硬件管理科学规范(使用来源渠道正规,配备防护设施器材,合理处理废弃污物,动物疾病科学应对,意外损伤防护及时),软件建设健全提高(提高实验者安全意识,完善实验室管理制度,做好突发事件应急预案)等多方面、多角度阐述各类有效防控措施,以期提高实验者的生物安全意识,促进实验室安全体系的建立健全及长效机制的推动推进。     

高校屏障系统动物实验室的开放管理

科学研究对实验动物和动物实验,尤其是对实验及术后观察的环境,提出了新的要求,而一些科研人员只注重实验动物本身的清洁等级,却不太考虑实验环境及术后观察的环境要求,因此,对屏障系统动物实验室开放的必要性、屏障系统动物实验室开放管理的意义,以及规范化管理的措施等有必要进行探讨.     

动物医学教学实验室生物安全管理体系的构建

基于多年从事动物医学实验室管理的经验,剖析了高校动物医学教学实验室所存在的生物安全隐患,从健全各项安全管理制度、强化师生安全意识、合理布局加强防护设施、实行安全责任制、制定应急预案等方面提出了构建生物安全管理体系的具体措施。     

实验动物设施的建设与管理

根据现代动物实验设施国家标准和要求,阐述了实验动物设施建设中的工程设计、设备配置、围护结构、风管制作、施工监理和工程验收以及设施管理的相关问题,为完善动物实验设施建设和管理机制提供有利依据.     

实验动物屏障系统的微生物质量控制体系的建立

通过对屏障环境和所需物品进行科学的消毒和灭菌、加强对员工素质和技能的培训、制订并严格执行标准化操作规程(SOP)和工作制度、定期维护、保养各种仪器设备、定期对屏障环境内的实验动物微生物质量跟踪监测等方法,确保屏障环境内实验动物微生物质量符合国家标准.     

高校实验动物中心屏障系统的科学管理

在高校实验动物中心屏障系统运行过程中,体会到要使屏障系统正常运转,必须逐步完善管理体系和相应的软件资料,并进行科学化管理.该文就屏障系统的管理、大小鼠的生产繁殖等方面进行初步探讨.     

农学类实验室安全现状分析与管理对策

针对实验室安全管理与教学过程中存在的问题,将实验室可能出现的安全隐患进行分类分析。提出了通过建立安全的实验室管理体系,加强实验安全知识的培训和宣传,设立实验室维护维修专项资金,加强实验物品及废弃物的管理,制定实验室安全事故应急机制,配备相应的安全设施等相应措施,以保障农学类实验室工作安全有效进行。     

高校实验动物尸体处理过程的安全防范及管理

高校实验动物尸体等废弃物在处理过程中存在着污染、伤害、火灾等诸多潜在的安全隐患。针对实验动物尸体处理流程特点,学校制定科学合理的安全管理制度,在实验动物尸体及废弃物的产出环节加强感染性动物尸体及其废弃物的消毒灭菌管理;且在处理环节中加强对设备安全操作、维修维护、工作环境的消毒灭菌、个人安全防护、消防等方面的安全管理工作,并制定相应应急保障措施,加大对相关人员的安全教育工作,避免安全事故的发生。加强高校实验动物尸体等废弃物处理过程中的安全防范及管理,杜绝污染、伤害、火灾等诸多潜在的安全隐患,为高校的实验动物尸体等废弃物处理工作的顺利开展提供保障。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.