大学与企业联合研究机构管理模式的探索

大学与企业共建联合研究机构已经成为国内一流研究型大学融入“以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系“的重要方式,如何规范其建设和管理以实现大学与企业的互利双赢,已经成为大学迫切需要解决的问题.本文结合清华大学的经验,提出从功能定位、权益责任、组织机构和过程管理四个方面加强对联合研究机构管理的思路,并介绍了清华大学在此思路下形成的基本管理模式,将为高等学校以联合研究机构的形式进一步推进产学研合作提供有益借鉴.     

浅谈高职学生的文化素质教育

文化素质是素质教育的重要内容.高职学生文化素质先天不足,高职院校文化素质教育薄弱.注重文化素质教育课程设置、加强校园文化建设、提高教师文化素养等是提高高职学生文化素质的主要途径.     

Towards a Holistic Framework for Driving Performance in Externally-Funded Academic Research

A gradual shift in United Kingdom research funding from blanket financing by government agencies towards more diversified income streams through activities funded by various customers is prompting academic research institutions to orient their research portfolios accordingly. Academic organisations such as university institutes are increasingly relying on the funding obtained through research projects paid for by other customers than national funding bodies, thus diversifying their operations. Wrong choices in this diversification process can, however, have serious financial or operational implications for the organisation. A framework is proposed that should help enable academic institutes to rationalise their decision-making processes when seeking external funding for their operations through project grants or research contracts and learn from projects.     

聚焦质量,齐抓共管,扎实推进本科教学评估工作——兼谈对普通高校本科教学评估新方案的学习体会

提高质量是高等教育发展的核心任务,最近教育部出台了有关全面提高高等教育质量和开展本科教学评估的文件,如何理解并贯彻落实是高等教育战线面临的现实问题。本文从国家高等教育发展战略的高度,国际教育管理改革和质量保障发展的角度,阐述提高质量的重要性,并指出教育评估是提高质量的重要抓手。进而,全面解读了新时期我国普通高校本科教学评估的制度框架,分析其内涵和基本特征。为了把本科教学评估工作落到实处,按照齐抓共管、内外结合的思路,从政府、高校、评估机构等不同主体职能分工出发,文章指出政府应发挥主导作用、高校应加强内部质量保障和自评自测、评估机构应提供专业服务并实行行业自律管理。     

21世纪美国高等教育政策改革述评——基于Spellings委员会报告的分析

美国Spellings委员会报告是21世纪美国高等教育改革的重要议案,既为高等教育法案的修订提供了立法基础,也为今后联邦政府高等教育政策改革提供了蓝图。该报告确定了"高等教育机会、可支付性、质量与创新、问责"是高等教育政策改革的四个主题。美国21世纪高等教育政策改革是由联邦政府发挥主导作用,由社会多方代表进行民主商议,然后由政府主要采取立法与拨款形式进行的。它充分尊重各州和高等院校的自主权,对我国高等教育政策改革可以提供有意义的经验借鉴。     

Effects of curriculum organisation on study progress in engineering studies

Procrastination and time investment areimportant issues in the study of studentperformance and progress. Previous research onthese issues has mainly concentrated uponindividual differences between students inpersonality and time management skills.However, study progress depends not only onstudent characteristics but also on theorganisation of the curriculum. A multilevelanalysis that was carried out on dataconcerning 1578 engineering students on twelvedifferent programmes provides evidence thatvariation in study progress can partly beattributed to curriculum organisation. Thespread of study activities over the year,instruction characteristics and examinationcharacteristics were found to have effects onprogress. This implies that institutes inhigher education may improve their studentsprogress to some extent by means of efficientcurriculum organisation.     

中国现代远程教育质量论略

远程教育的教学质量应该由开展远程教育的机构、参加远程教育的学习者、社会来认可,而三者对教育质量的标准的认同必须统一。认定远程教育的质量标准是一项较为复杂的工作,需要经过科学研究,由国家权威部门制定或由行业制定国家认可的标准,同时由相关部门组成专家对开展远程教育的机构、学院进行经常性的评估。     

构建中国民办高等教育质量保障体系的探索

当前全国共有民办高校676所、在校生476.68万人,分别占全国高校及其在校生总数的28.66%和21.35%,已成为中国高等教育的重要组成部分。教育质量始终是民办高校生存与发展的生命线,鉴于民办高校与公办高校在经费来源、学校管理体制、单位属性等方面存在诸多不同之处,因此构建一个专门针对民办高校的高等教育质量保障体系实有必要且十分迫切。建议该体系由三个部分构成,即教育行政部门进行民办高校许可证评估、校外独立的评估中介机构定期进行民办高校质量评估、民办高校建立内部教育质量评估系统进行自评,从而形成民办高校教育质量评估的政府管理、社会监督、学校自评的合力,以不断提高民办高校的教育质量和核心竞争力。     

A conceptual framework for achieving good governance at open and distance learning institutions

This paper describes a good governance architecture framework that would bring significant improvements in the overall working of open and distance learning institutions in a well-structured and systematic way. The good governance framework is articulated with seven basic principles which are performance, transparency, accountability, participation, leadership, consensus orientation and fairness. These principles are structured with the good governance practices which relate to performing well for the assigned goals and objectives, promoting values for the organisation, making well-informed and transparent decisions, focusing on the organisation’s purpose and outcomes, capacity building and managing risks effectively. These principles and suggested practices in the framework would become tools for developing an improvement strategy so as to help in the smooth operation and efficient management of the institution concerned. The developed system would bring about significant improvement in the teaching–learning activity as well as in the quality of distance education. It would also enhance the efficiency, effectiveness and overall performance of the institutional management which is crucial to the continuous development of the institution concerned. Thus, the proposed good governance framework when implemented in an open and distance education institution would improve the quality of distance education and also increase its accessibility in a well-organised and structured way.     

The idea of quality in higher education: a conceptual approach

The paper suggests that the idea of quality in higher education is ideologically constructed and conducted. In a spiral of mutual reinforcements, quality regimes naturalise experience, while the theories of that practice legitimise the naturalness of ‘quality’. I shall suggest that quality regimes provide too narrow readings of higher education. The central concepts, which I propose to use – discourse and power – emphasise the connectedness of ideology and quality in higher education. In particular, I suggest that the ideological character of the idea of quality in higher education is evident in discourses – which themselves are interlinked in networks. These discourses and networks are backed up by power and this helps to sustain their ideological character. Thus, this paper attempts two things: to outline a conceptual framework concerning the ideological character of the idea of quality in higher education and to draw attention to the organisation of that ideological formation.     

国考背景下的教师教育专业发展路径思考

我国教师教育已进入一个从数量满足向质量提升转变的关键时期。为了提高教师教育质量,国家教育部颁布了教师教育标准,并且以实行教师资格统考为制度保障。然而教师教育的现状与标准的要求有一定差距。因此,教师教育专业需要拓展发展路径。路径可以从师资、课程、教学和评估等方面找到切入点。     

Fostering teacher educators’ professional development in research and in supervising student teachers’ research

Most teacher educators who work at institutes for higher vocational education have faced a new role since the European Community aimed to upgrade the general quality of education. Research tasks have been added as a new important core business for institutes that used to be mainly focused on education. Teacher educators therefore have to become familiar with research knowledge and skills, and with the skills to supervise student teachers in conducting research. Professional development activities have been set up to prepare them for it. In this explorative study, we investigated the extent to which four different professional development activities within three Dutch institutes for teacher education contributed to the knowledge and skills needed for these new tasks. We gathered data by interviewing 12 teacher educators. In addition to some striking differences, we found corresponding positive experiences in all four activities. Exchanging experiences and discussing issues with colleagues was perceived to be the most outstanding part of each activity. This research has yielded necessary insights into constructing professional development activities. It is clear that any professional development activity about research should be consistent with teacher educators’ daily practices and concerns.     

如何提高医学教育研究的质量——对知名医学教育研究机构的案例分析

医学教育研究机构是医学教育研究的最大影响因素,本文对知名医学教育研究机构进行分析,归纳其异同点,介绍其显著特色,并从学习借鉴的角度进行深层思考.     

同行评价:欧盟职业教育质量评价的重要方式

从2003年至今,欧盟已经在职业教育的不同项目中应用同行评价.同行评价作为保证和提升质量的重要手段,可以对职业教育机构所提供的质量进行外部监督.同行评价实现了职业教育评价的民主参与和跨国合作,同时也面临语言沟通、经费支持不足等问题.     

树立健康理念 教材改革势在必行——对我省四所师范学院普通体育课教材存在问题及对策研究

通过对我省四所师范学院所用普通体育课教材进行分析,结合我省实际情况,指出了所用教材存在的问题和解决对策,旨在建立适合我省师范学院的体育教材框架,使我省的师范教育真正为我省的基础教育、经济腾飞做出贡献。     

高职院校学生工作面临的挑战与存在问题的对策

通过探讨在新形势下高职院校学生工作面临的挑战和存在的问题,提出了加强和改进高职院校学生教育与管理工作的对策。明确提出作为高职院校必须正视学生中存在的问题,不断总结经验教训,积极探索并不断推进学院学生教育与管理工作的制度化、规范化与科学化进程,提升学生工作的质量。     

从美国高等教育认证制度看我国本科教学评估

美国的高等教育认证制度在保证和提高美国高等教育质量方面起到了重要作用。在我国各高等院校开展评估工作之际,认识美国高等教育认证制度的发展、组成和特征,借鉴美国高等教育认证制度的经验,对我国高等教育评估工作具有积极的现实意义。     

高职高专院校双师型教师队伍建设的思考

在高职高专院校人才培养工作水平评估中，双师型教师队伍的素质是困扰各院校的重要指标因素，在高职教育快速发展的今天也显得尤其突出。把握双师型教师队伍整体质量较低的根本原因，全面优化双师型教师队伍结构，抓住质量标准、职业目标和激励机制建设是高职高专院校师资队伍建设要思考的重要问题。     

独立学院在我国高等职业教育发展中的地位

我国已形成的高等职业教育体系和教育结构还不尽完善,尤其是本科及以上层次的高等职业教育发展不足,制约了当前我国高等职业教育发展。在中国特色的高等职业教育发展体系中,我国高等职业教育发展模式大致可以分为高等职业教育院校发展模式、普通本科院校发展模式、民办高校发展模式和独立学院发展模式四种。在众多的模式中,独立学院具备的特点非常适宜于发展高层次高等职业教育,独立学院与高等职业教育相结合是新时期推进我国高等职业教育发展的有效途径之一。     

论高等院校中的教师教育

在高校招生规模大幅增长的情况下,加强高等院校中的教师教育,是解决高等教育教学质量下降的途径之一。本文首先分析了高校教师的能力素质要求,将其分解为:思想道德素养、学术素养、教学素养;其次提出了加强高校教师教育的几个方法和途径,希望能够对高等院校的教师教育有所促进。