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We've failed: Pirate black open access is trumping green and gold and we must change our approach 
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下载免费PDF全文 Toby Green 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(4):325-329
Key points
- Sci‐Hub has made nearly all articles freely available using a black open access model, leaving green and gold models in its dust.
- Why, after 20 years of effort, have green and gold open access not achieved more? Do we need ‘tae think again’?
- If human nature is to postpone change for as long as possible, are green and gold open access fundamentally flawed?
- Open and closed publishing models depend on bundle pricing paid by one stakeholder, the others getting a free ride. Is unbundling a fairer model?
- If publishers changed course and unbundled their product, would this open a legal, fairer route to 100% open access and see off the pirates?
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- Open research infrastructure provides the building blocks of scientific progress, which must be available to everyone, with no barriers to access.
- Organizations enabling open research infrastructure must endorse these fundamental principles: equity, value, trust, interoperability, sustainability, and community governance.
- Finding ways to invite co‐creation and community participation engenders a strong sense of ‘buy‐in’ and is therefore essential to developing successful research infrastructure.
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Jonathan J. Mallett 《Learned Publishing》2021,34(1):49-56
- Scientific publication has been a key part of the scientific method since the inception of Philosophical Transactions in 1665.
- The scientific publications industry has grown exponentially along with science, incorporating technological innovations along the way, and adapting journal processes and practices to changing needs of science as it matured.
- Of all the technological innovations over more than 300 years, the move to online journals may be the most significant, making open access to content practical for the first time.
- The open‐access movement is disrupting the economics of journal publishing, which is hoped will make the industry more competitive: the ability of the publications industry to adapt to open access will be a measure of its resilience.
- The demand for articles published in reputable journals continues to grow as readers trust the credibility of peer reviewed journal articles, and good authors value the prestige of publishing in the best journals.
- It is difficult to predict what new functionalities may be included in articles of the future or what additional services publishers and editors will provide, but there is every reason to believe that scientific journal articles are here to stay.
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Quan‐Hoang Vuong 《Learned Publishing》2020,33(1):64-68
Key points
- Societies face increasing pressure to contain costs and retain revenues, which are threatened by open access mandates.
- Funders and other science publishing campaigns need to recognize the value of learned societies and work with them to sustain the production of quality knowledge.
- Self‐publishing via preprint servers may threaten the quality of academic research.
- Societies can reinforce their value proposition through a model of academic entrepreneurship, including research activities, media engagement, and consultancy.
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David Brown 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(3):237-243
Key points
- Trends point to increased democratization within STEM, driven by open access, Internet delivery, and digital natives.
- The current journal publishing system does not meet the needs of researchers who want timely access to the latest results.
- Demographic and sociological changes are likely to undermine the inherent conservatism of STEM.
- Traditional STEM systems ignore the latent market of knowledge workers, but new information services do not.
- Radical approaches to STEM are required if we are to respond to the ‘perfect storm’ of changing needs and expectations.
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Bo‐Christer Björk 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(2):173-175
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Peggy GLAHN 《Learned Publishing》2015,28(4):299-302
- Digitizing cultural heritage, humanities, content is currently being undertaken with institutional or government support but there are opportunities for greater library collaboration.
- Using a crowdfunding model to support the creation of digitized collections empowers librarians but also challenges them to think like investors and publishers.
- The described model creates an open access collection for the benefit of all scholars and also provides additional benefits for the participating libraries.
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- Peer review is used to evaluate research, including publications, scientific awards, and grant proposals, and there is a continuum of at least six approaches to review from completely closed, double‐blind review to fully‐open and citable peer review.
- It is getting harder to find suitable experts to serve as reviewers so publishers and others are experimenting with methods to incentivize researcher participation, with a growing interest in enabling citation of peer‐review activity as a component.
- A Working Group on Peer Review Service, facilitated by CASRAI, was created to develop a data model and citation standard for peer‐review activity that can be used to support both existing and new review models.
- Standardized citation structures for reviews can enable the inclusion of peer‐review activity in personal recognition and evaluation, as well the ability to refer to reviews as part of the scholarly literature.
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Rebecca Kennison 《Learned Publishing》2016,29(1):69-71
Key points
- Scholarly communication – with the exception of traditional (e.g. blind and double‐blind) peer review – prizes the open exchange of ideas.
- The aim of peer review should be engagement, not judgement.
- Reviews that improve the quality of a work and thus advance the field are not merely service to the community, but contributions to existing scholarship, and need to be rewarded accordingly; an open and transparent review process is the first step in enabling such reviews to be properly recognized.
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Jo Burges 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):57-62
Key points
- The number of people who struggle to access the printed word is increasing exponentially.
- Calibre Audio Library worked with i‐Publishing Consultants to transform the way the blind, partially‐sighted, and those with reading difficulties access their audio library.
- Providing entirely audio prompts allows visually impaired users the independence to manage their own library.
- Calibre and i‐Publishing Consultants won the 2017 Stationers’ Company Innovation Excellence Award for Social Development.
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Jonathan Griffin 《Learned Publishing》2016,29(2):119-123
- Access to Research is an online service for local libraries across the UK.
- Many large STM publishers have provided free walk‐in access to their content.
- The initiative is in response to a recommendation in the government‐commissioned ‘Finch Report’ on improving access to publically funded research.
- The service has just completed a 2‐year pilot, and toward the end of the pilot, research was commissioned to understand its impact.
- The research demonstrated the value of the service to local library users, so publishers’ local libraries have decided to continue providing the service.
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Jeremy Brinton 《Learned Publishing》2021,34(1):43-48
- Challenges of the current environment are balanced by opportunities – more digital delivery, more efficient systems, greater collaboration.
- Consumption has not reduced, but delivery mechanisms need adaptation to ensure the right products in the right media are offered and delivered.
- Changes to the cost base by redeploying staff and rethinking premises are underway and support improved resource allocation.
- Leadership is required to accommodate adaptive and flexible remote working.
- Ensuring access and implementing licences that permit non‐commercial use is both a moral and a practical response.
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Brad Turner 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):25-29
Key points
- Bookshare is the world's largest library of accessible titles provided to members and through special agreements.
- Dyslexia is often forgotten as an impediment to access but must be accounted for within accessible publications.
- Certification of accessibility provides confidence for purchasers and a marketing tool for publishers.
- Accessibility requires multiple routes to access, on different platforms and in different formats.
- Accessible artworks need particular attention, and this is often lacking in ‘accessible’ publications.
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- The success of the CHORUS and DOE relationship is the result of nearly two decades of interactions between the DOE and a group of scientific publishers.
- The relationship between CHORUS and the US federal agencies required understanding of different motivations, operations, and philosophies.
- Although achieving public access was simple in principle, it required considerable effort to develop systems that satisfied all parties.
- Publishers had been working with federal agencies to achieve open access before the 2013 White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, but this helped to create a path for a more fruitful relationship.
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Sumiko Asai 《Learned Publishing》2023,36(2):299-306
- 2021, open access articles in parent journals with higher charges accounted for 72% of the total open access articles in parent and mirror journals.
- Although the charges for mirror journals were significantly reduced in 2021, the increase in the number of articles was relatively small.
- These findings suggest that many authors do not significantly respond to changes in article processing charges.
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David Nicholas Anthony Watkinson Abdullah Abrizah Cherifa Boukacem‐Zeghmouri Jie Xu Blanca Rodríguez‐Bravo Marzena Świgoń Eti Herman 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(3):249-253
Key points
- Early career researchers (ECRs) consider journals the central form of communication – but are concerned about pressure to publish.
- ECRs want to share but currently accept the closed publishing system because of the need to build a traditional reputation.
- ECRs know – and appear to care – little about publishers but trust them as publishing and reviewing facilitators.
- Editors are criticized for not managing peer review with better selection of reviewers.
- Megajournals are not seen as the future journal form and criticized for lack of selectivity.
- ECRs want open access/science in principle but are circumspect about their contribution to it.
- ResearchGate is a key force for change as ECRs consider it a mainstay communication and reputation platform.