科学·历史·人文·哲学--关于高等院校文科专业自然科学史教学的几点思考

作为教育性质的自然科学史学科,是以提高学生的科学素养为核心,科学素养、人文素养、哲学素养三者相得益彰、相互促进的课程。自然科学史教学的基本内容应当包括:基础知识理论的教育,科学思想的教育,科学方法的教育,科学精神的教育,人文精神的教育,哲学思想的教育。在讲述内容和教学活动中,要注意处理好若干关系。     

教育行动研究的历史发展与中国化历程

基于对目前教育行动研究所取得的理论与实践成果的反思,从纵向上对教育行动研究的缘起及其历史发展进行了追溯和梳理。探讨了教育行动研究的中国化历程及其阶段划分,对教育行动研究在中国化历程中所呈现出的特点进行了总结和归纳。在此基础上,对教育行动研究的未来走向进行了预测,以期对全方位认识教育行动研究提供一个新的视角。     

教育中的科学史与科学史中的教育

关于科学史在科学教育中的功能问题，一些案例说明，长期以来，实际上是教育目的规定着科学史的教育作用，将这种现象可称为教育中的科学史。而随着科学史研究的发展和科学史建制的形成，现在以科学史本身为本来认识科学史的教育作用，相应的，这可被称为科学史中的教育。在科学史的研究和传播过程中，从教育中的科学史向科学史中的教育转变，能够避免对科学史的辉格式解释和对科学历史的歪曲，也有利于真正认识科学史学科的教育功能。     

Teacher Research,Action Research: the Logo Action Research Collaborative

Action research is a form of professional inquiry in which the teacher's role is seen as key to educational improvement. This paper describes methodologies developed by the Logo Action Research Collaborative – a national network linking 100 teachers at nine sites – that facilitate and support collaborative inquiry by teachers into their own teaching practices, in order to understand, improve, develop, and incorporate new forms of student assessment, teaching methods, and curriculum. The project focused on the Logo computer language, a powerful learning environment for problem‐solving and mathematical inquiry. The authors provide background information on action research as an evolving discipline. They identify three phases of a year‐long action research cycle, and describe key strategies developed by the project to support teachers in taking on a research frame of mind, identifying areas of concern, and undertaking and completing action research projects. The paper includes several illustrative examples of action research investigations undertaken by teachers, and demonstrates the benefits to the students and teachers involved. It closes by making a case for the potential contribution of action research to current educational reform initiatives and school restructuring.     

Learning from Action Research About Science Teacher Preparation

In this article, we present a case study of a beginning science teacher’s year-long action research project, during which she developed a meaningful grasp of learning from practice. Wendy was a participant in the middle grade science program designed for career changers from science professions who had moved to teaching middle grade science. An extended action research experience in the second year of induction proved valuable to her in learning how to modify her teaching to reach her goal, using evidence of student learning as her guide. This article closes with reflections on the value of extended action research within science teacher preparation, particularly early in one’s career, and explores the promise for ongoing practice-based professional development throughout a teacher’s career.     

The Development of Science Education Research in Brazil and Contributions from the History and Philosophy of Science

Over the last 50 years a new research area, science education research, has arisen and undergone singular development worldwide. In the specific case of Brazil, research in science education first appeared systematically 40 years ago, as a consequence of an overall renovation in the field of science education. This evolution was also related to the political events taking place in the country. We will use the theoretical work of Rene Kaës on the development of groups and institutions as a basis for our discussion of the most important aspects that have helped the area of science education research develop into an institution and kept it operating as such. The growth of this area of research can be divided into three phases: The first was related to its beginning and early configurations; the second consisted of a process of consolidation of this institution; and the third consists of more recent developments, characterised by a multiplicity of research lines and corresponding challenges to be faced. In particular, we will analyse the special contributions to this study gleaned from the field known as the history and philosophy of science.     

Collaborative Action Research on Technology Integration for Science Learning

This paper briefly reports the outcomes of an action research inquiry on the use of blogs, MS PowerPoint [PPT], and the Internet as learning tools with a science class of sixth graders for project-based learning. Multiple sources of data were essential to triangulate the key findings articulated in this paper. Corresponding to previous studies, the incorporation of technology and project-based learning could motivate students in self-directed exploration. The students were excited about the autonomy over what to learn and the use of PPT to express what they learned. Differing from previous studies, the findings pointed to the lack information literacy among students. The students lacked information evaluation skills, note-taking and information synthesis. All these findings imply the importance of teaching students about information literacy and visual literacy when introducing information technology into the classroom. The authors suggest that further research should focus on how to break the culture of “copy-and-paste” by teaching the skills of note-taking and synthesis through inquiry projects for science learning. Also, further research on teacher professional development should focus on using collaboration action research as a framework for re-designing graduate courses for science teachers in order to enhance classroom technology integration.     

Rhetoric, Action, and Agency in Institutionalized Science and Technology

This essay argues that to an unprecedented degree the practices of contemporary science and technology are embedded within complex institutional systems. This embeddedness problematizes received views of rhetorical action and agency, which must be reformulated to locate these principles within larger systems of power/ knowledge. Three sets of resources are identified for this reformulation: theories of organizational rhetoric, Foucauldian studies of knowledge-intensive organizations, and Foucauldian approaches to the philosophy of science.     

Critical Science and the History of Child Development's Influence on Early Education Research

Often early childhood educators who fail to frame their research or research methods in positivist traditions or theories of developmental psychology find themselves marginalized in their own field. A reason for the lack of recognition or acceptance of critical theoretical perspectives in early childhood education is the century-long domination of psychological and child development perspectives in the field of early childhood. A second reason relates to the important separate institutional histories of early and elementary education in the United States within academia. This paper explores both the disciplinary and institutional history of early childhood education in an effort to explain the continuing lack of acceptance of critical science perspectives in the field. The costs of this reliance in the past and for the future are discussed.     

Critical Science and the History of Child Development's Influence on Early Education Research

Often early childhood educators who fail to frame their research or research methods in positivist traditions or theories of developmental psychology find themselves marginalized in their own field. A reason for the lack of recognition or acceptance of critical theoretical perspectives in early childhood education is the century-long domination of psychological and child development perspectives in the field of early childhood. A second reason relates to the important separate institutional histories of early and elementary education in the United States within academia. This paper explores both the disciplinary and institutional history of early childhood education in an effort to explain the continuing lack of acceptance of critical science perspectives in the field. The costs of this reliance in the past and for the future are discussed.     

A Call for Action (Research): Applying Science Education Research to Computer Science Instruction

In educational research, investigators in one field are often ignorant of similar research in other fields. Physics education in particular has undergone dramatic reforms in recent years, all based on insights gained from conducting educational research. Often, pedagogical methods resulting from research in one field can be revised and transferred to another. This paper demonstrates that many methods used in physics and other science programmes<fnr rid="b"> <fn id="b">Throughout this paper, programme will refer to the curricular concept and program will refer to computer programs.</fn> can be adapted to teaching computer science. The author has pursued action research in computer science and implemented ideas from science education, especially from physics education, in teaching computer science classes at a small religious secondary school in the southwestern United States. This paper presents ideas and teaching strategies with the hope of building bridges between computer science education research and other science education research.     

基于科技教育共同体的学校特色发展行动研究

学校主动整合开发科技园区内的优质科技资源,结成科技教育共同体,开展日常化、系列化的科技教育,有效拓展了学生视野;科技教育共同体的建设增强了企业的社会责任感,极大提升了师生的科技素养,也促进了学校特色文化的形成。     

基于科技教育共同体的学校特色发展行动研究

学校主动整合开发科技园区内的优质科技资源,结成科技教育共同体,开展日常化、系列化的科技教育,有效拓展了学生视野;科技教育共同体的建设增强了企业的社会责任感,极大提升了师生的科技素养,也促进了学校特色文化的形成。     

Fostering the History of Science in American Science Education

Science &; Education -     

国防科技史、军事技术史与军事装备史的区别

国防科技史、军事技术史、军事装备史属于科技史领域三个不同性质的新兴学科.叙事主体或者隶属于国家,或者隶属于军队;或者是防御性的,或者是攻击性的;或者属于精神的范畴,或者属于物质的范畴等.总体看来,三者在历史叙事主客体、核心理念、编史纲领、体系结构、总体特征等方面都存在着本质的区别.