教育研究、教育的科学研究与我们的选择——我国教育研究的现状分析与趋势研究

教育研究,特别是教育的科学研究的重要性已为世界各国所公认。在概念上,教育研究和教育的科学研究是有区别的。就教育的科学研究而言,国际教育界已经形成了一套通行的研究方法:提出问题、形成研究假设、搜集资料、分析资料、检验假设并形成研究结果。我国教育研究与世界教育研究相比,存在很大差别,具有群众性参与、行政参与和以思辨为主等特点。一方面,可以说,我们形成了中国特色的教育研究体系,另一方面,在中国加入世界的进程加快的大环境下,我们不得不遵从教育研究的通行规则和方法。提倡基于科学的教育研究,规范研究方法,提高研究质量应该成为我们的选择,从而使教育的科学研究真正地科学化,为教育实践和教育政策制订提供真实可靠的依据。     

数学建模的专业教学实践与认识

开设数学建模课,一方面可以培养学生的数学建模能力,提高学生把专业理论知识运用于实践的能力;另一方面,数学建模课的学习却在一定程度上影响了专业课的学习。因而如何将数学建模思想和方法融入到大学专业主干课程的教学中,是当前数学和专业教学体系、内容、方法改革面临的一个新课题。     

WTO与中国职业教育改革

中国加入WTO后,中国市场经济以及公正、稳定、透明的政治体制的建立,必然带给教育发展的挑战和机遇.一方面,作为服务产业的职业教育与培训在职能上、资源配置上以及体制结构上必须顺应WTO有关教育服务的基本理念,另一方面必然带来职教在办学体制、目标、课程教学以及评价等方面的巨大的变革.     

国际贸易中的异质企业理论研究

伴随越来越多的现象不能被基于产业为研究对象的古典贸易理论和新贸易理论所解释,以Melitz为代表经济的经济学家开始了对基于企业层面的贸易理论的研究和探讨并在过去的十年取得了令人振奋的成果.作者对国际贸易的异质企业理论进行探讨,并通过理论为的研究为基础展示出企业决策.另外一方面,作者将以异质企业方向介绍经济全球化对企业的影响.     

On University Campus Landscape Design

In a few years,with the progress of China's society,material needs and spiritual needs are in the corresponding enhancement.All needs and requirements of society for talents are in the unceasing increase and improvement,and certainly will need to increase the country's national education.Our country put forward the strategy of developing the country through science and education,and the university education is the center of it.So our country on the one hand,through expanding enrollment rate,let more people to accept higher education;On the other hand,through increasing the investment of the infrastructure construction in colleges and universities,the campus can satisfy the need of more features.Along with the progress of market economy and urban modernization,the campus development level has become an important symbol in measuring the progress of a city,a regional economic and cultural development.It is also the origin to transport all kinds of advanced talents for urban.The construction of university campus is gradually developed in such an environment,striving to reflect new period,new era university campus's new look and new attitude.Trying to develop the campus to which has its own characteristic humanities landscape and put the characteristic of open and humanistic,functional and artistic quality,ecological and sustainable in organic combination of unity,advancing with The Times.     

学分制:德育创新的契机

探讨了学分制促进德育创新的途径和条件,认为学分制对德育的影响是全面的、深远的.如果因势利导,兴利除弊,学分制就会成为推动德育创新的契机. 否则,学分制也可能对德育构成巨大的冲击,使德育弱化、虚化.     

Community and the myth of the ideal school: Circulation and appropriation of the Hamburg Gemeinschaftsschulen in Spain (1922–1933)

The progressive education movement was known in Spain from its very inception, and in fact many of its pedagogical theories and practices reached Spain before reaching other European countries. Yet traditional historiography has always maintained that Spain was never integrated in the progressive education movement, a misconception that helps explain the lack of research in the field. Recent historiographical research, however, has shown that numerous Spanish schools served as laboratories for the implementation of progressive education methods in the 1920s and 1930s. The Spanish educational system proved itself to be especially open to international innovation in general and Spain actually enjoyed a privileged position for the study of how innovative pedagogical ideas could be incorporated and appropriated. Proof of this affirmation can be found in the introduction and dissemination throughout Spain of the experimental public school movement of Hamburg known as Gemeinschaftsschulen.

This article will focus on the way this movement was received in Spain. We will examine the phenomenon from a double perspective, corresponding to the different positions that scholars found themselves in within the educational panorama of the time. On the one hand we will examine the role of the “grass-roots” educators who wished to change schools “from below”, starting with classroom practices. On the other hand we will take a look at the representatives of “high pedagogy”, who were intent on formulating a pedagogical theory on which to base a political–ideological model that would serve to change the school “from above”. Tensions arising among the different pedagogical groups, along with the ambiguity of the translation into Spanish of the term Gemeinschaftsschulen, led to the different groups appropriating the concept in different ways. The evolution of the term Gemeinschaftsschulen, from its original identification with a localised school experiment in Hamburg to its becoming a symbol for virtually all European school vanguards, will be addressed at the conclusion of the article.     

高校学术问责制构建中的相关问题探讨

伴随着我国高等教育规模的扩张,高校从事教学科研工作的学术人员数量大增。作为我国科学研究的一支重要生力军,高校学术人员一方面有力推动了我国整体科技发展的水平和质量,另一方面,在学术领域也滋生了学术失范现象。由此,构建高校学术问责制的理论探讨应运而生,但要进入实践领域,应当充分考虑以下三个相关问题：高校学术失范现象大量滋生的归因问题、学术自由欠缺下高校学术问责制实施的风险问题、学术问责中的责任认定问题。     

Implementing Key Competences in Basic Education: reflections on curriculum design and development in Spain

The concept of competence is a recent introduction into the curricula of the Spanish education system, and applies to vocational training and university, but also to basic education. In both cases, the meaning and use of the term have differed, sometimes giving rise to confusion. There can be no doubt, however, that this incorporation has been of significant impact. On the one hand, it has generated considerable debate between those who consider the concept to respond to economistic arguments, removed from educational realities, and those who believe it to have a transformation potential that cannot be ignored. On the other, incorporation of the concept is leading to a series of modifications in school practices and in teaching and learning with whose consequences we are not yet acquainted. This article analyses the situation created by the introduction of key competences in Spanish compulsory education and seeks to gauge the potential this offers for improving opportunities for success at school. The authors believe that key competences are a reformulation of educational intentions, whose consequences for schools and teaching practices largely depend on the new interpretation of learning in the light of different approaches and research traditions.     

确立中国传统绘画艺术精神在高等美术教育中的地位

一百多年来,西方美术教学体系在我国高等美术教育中占统治地位。在这种体系中,科学与先进的部分对弥补我国传统美术教育的不足起到了重要的作用。但是,对于如何排除西方美术教学体系的许多不利影响,应该引起高等美术教育从业者应有的重视。本文旨在探索如何把中国传统绘画艺术精神贯穿到专业教学和创作中去,从而构建中国特色的高等美术教育体系。     

亚洲高等教育国际化发展评略

亚洲高等教育国际化受到全球化的双重影响。一方面,高等教育国际化的西方模式极大地规范和推动了亚洲高等教育国际化的发展水平,提升了其全球竞争力;另一方面,西方标准在亚洲的认同和普及理所当然地＂再殖民化＂了亚洲的高等教育,这是亚洲不得不付出的代价。而亚洲的出路在于通过整合西方模式和自身的优势创造出符合自身发展的高等教育国际化＂制式＂。     

教师教育信息化与教师信息素养的提升

自1990年代中期始,随着信息化手段在教育领域的运用和教育信息网络的迅速扩张,推进教育信息化成为政府教育改革的一个重要目标,对中小学教学对教师的信息素养的要求也不断提高。一方面,为了推进教师教育改革创新,全面提高教师教育质量,政府开始实施旨在推进教师教育信息化的全国教师教育网络联盟计划,并试图以此为契机,逐步构建开放灵活的教师终身学习体系,大幅度提升教师队伍的整体素质,以促进基础教育尤其是农村教育的发展。另一方面,持续提升教师信息素养,成为教师培养与培训的一个主要任务。     

高校自治:全球大学面临的共同挑战和机遇

高校自治是全球公立大学今后发展的新趋势,它使全球公立大学面临严峻的挑战,而我国公立大学也将面临更加严酷的考验。高校自治同时也为全球高校自身的健康发展提供良机,自治后的大学将在科研、教学、管理和财政支出等方面享有更多的自主权。更重要的是,高校自治将有利于提高我国高校的现代化水平,包括教育投资体制改革和高等教育的国际化等,促使我国从教育大国走向教育强国。     

谈中小型图书馆的信息资源开发与利用

信息资源的开发是中小型图书馆改变＂开门守摊＂模式,向读者开展更高层次服务的一种形式。中小型图书馆一方面可通过开发一、二、三次文献服务,使本馆的实体馆藏资源能被读者充分利用;另一方面可通过利用因特网上最丰富的信息库和文档资料库,为本地、本系统和读者提供在科研、教育、管理、生产、工作所需的网络信息资源。     

Private Sector Consultants and Public Universities: the challenges of cross-sectoral knowledge transfers

Since the early 1990s, European higher education has been undergoing drastic changes with regard to the organisation and governance of academic work. The political emphasis on higher education autonomy and accountability went hand in hand with the introduction of market type steering devices and a new discourse regarding the universities' responsibilities to society. This article is about both carriers of diffusion processes that are crucial in disseminating private sector logics and the limits to such processes. By taking into account contradictory societal pressures towards isomorphism and differentiation; we will draw on neo-institutionalism and the sociological systems theory to provide a definition of privatisation in higher education. Especially, we are interested in detecting systematic limits to the privatisation of higher education. We therefore examine a relatively recent phenomenon in higher education governance: the increasing reliance of institutions on management consulting services. First findings show that the more market-centred a higher education system is, the more readily it accepts the economic rationale of the consulting business. Nevertheless, our study also stresses that management consultancy for higher education institutions is of limited scope. Systemic differences remain unbroken as the adherence to different value systems, communication patterns and resources limit the scope of external, private consulting activities in higher education.     

城乡融合发展背景下的县域职业教育目标定位

我国经济发展中存在的城乡二元结构也制约了县域职业教育的发展,使得县域职业教育目标定位一直在“离农”和“为农”中纠结。而城乡融合是对城乡二元关系的调整,在此背景下,城乡之间能够借助市场进行互动,并在城乡互动中实现城乡的共同发展。城乡关系的这种改变破解了县域职业教育目标定位的困境,也为县域职业教育发展带来了现实需求,一方面,县域经济因为资源的流入而得以发展产业,并因产业的发展而催生出产业人才培养的需求,另一方面城乡融合发展使得劳动力的流动性增强,人有了终身发展的需求。基于以上两点需求,县域职业教育应该改变原有的“离农”和“为农”的二元目标定位思维,而将县域经济产业发展和人的终身发展相统一作为目标定位的价值导向,以构建全方位、多层次和融通的县域职业教育体系。     

Shoring up the pillars of modernity: Teacher education and the quest for certainty

Teacher education is set within countervailing influences. On the one hand, governments seek to minimise their expenditure on the welfare state as they make their national economies competitive within global markets. This is associated with a centralising tendency which is typified by an increasing standardisation of the means and ends of education, including teacher education, especially in England. On the other hand, consumer culture, social fragmentation and intellectual ferment all combine to exert centripetal influences on teacher education. In England, the government's reaffirmation of a highly bureaucratic modernist structure for teacher education can itself be questioned on economic grounds. The emerging knowledge-based, high-value 'new' economy is ill-served by thinly-disguised Taylorist management regimes which impose conformity and engender low levels of trust. Nor will a back-to-basics pedagogy resonate with young people whose affinity for a conformist Protestant ethic may be wearing increasingly thin. The argument is theorized using Toulmin's concept of modernity.     

服务全民终身学习:社区教育 的潜力及其激活机制

构建服务全民终身学习的教育体系是中国教育现代化的一项重要任务。社区教育作为服务全民终身学习的重要依托,近年来取得了多方面的新进展。学习型自组织成为社区教育的新兴主体,一方面通过学习型自组织可以将资源转变为社区教育供给;另一方面通过学习型自组织能够开发居民终身学习需求。在学习型自组织发展的推动下,社区层面初步形成了服务全民终身学习的教育体系。为进一步促进社区教育的发展,应将发展学习型自组织作为社区治理绩效考核的重要内容之一;在社区终身学习中采取志愿服务“银行”活动;在条件成熟的社区积极开办社区学院;促进社区教育与学校教育、远程教育等有效衔接。     

应用型本科人才培养模式探讨

人才培养的核心内容是培养什么样的人才和怎样培养，发展应用型本科教育是当前社会经济、科技发展、教育发展的要求，为此，文章从应用型本科人才培养的客观必然性、应用型本科人才的培养模式、课程体系、教学模式以及教学保障系统等几个方面进行论述。