我国曼陀罗属的花粉形态及其在分类上的意义

本文收集了国内曼陀罗属(Datura L.)  11个不同的生态型,在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下,进行了花粉粒形态的比较观察。该属花粉粒均为球形或稍扁,具3孔沟型。花粉粒外壁表面的纹饰可作为分属、分组、分种的依据之一。可分为三个类型,与植物形态分类基本一 致,即：具皱波-细网状纹饰(曼陀罗组); 具网状条纹或条纹,条脊表面有细颗粒或粗糙(洋金花组); 具条纹,条脊表面有蚕体状环纹及细颗粒(木本曼陀罗组)。种以下的变种或栽培变种,花粉粒的形态特征不足以作为分类的依据。     

中国忍冬科植物花粉形态及其在分类上的意义

     本文报道了我国忍冬科54个样品,包括12属31种植物的花粉扫描电镜观察的结果, 描述了本科各属主要代表种的花粉形态特征;  及不同种的花粉类型,为化石花粉鉴定提供参考资料, 同时根据花粉的形状、大小、萌发孔及外壁雕纹的异同,讨论本科及科以下分类群的位置和系统关系。     

茶藨子属植物的花粉形态及其在分类学上的意义

本文采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对茶藨子属Ribes L. 植物19种、2变种的花粉形态进行了观察。根据本属植物的花粉,在内萌发孔周围有一外萌发孔,有别于广义的虎耳草科Saxifragaceae(s．lato各类群的特点,结合本属其它形态特征,作者支持将茶藨子属独立为科的意见。从观察材料看,可将其归之为4个花粉类型：即醋栗型(Grossularia-type)、茶藨子型(Ribes-type)、拟醋栗型(Grossu- larioidestype)和单性花茶藨子型(Berisia-type),这正好与分类学家根据形态划分的4个亚属相吻合,而且它们之间存在着密切的联系,是一个不可分割的自然群。据此,作者认为过去划分的亚属是合理的,醋栗类群不独立成属,似更自然。     

新疆贝母属植物分类研究

In the present paper the genus Eritillaria in Xinjiang is revised.  There are altogethereleven species and four varieties recognized in this region, of which four species and four varietieare new to science, and one species is new to Chinese flora     

西藏林芝地区的鼠尾草植物资源

西藏林芝地区自然环境优越，调查发现区域内分布有四种鼠尾草植物资源，其中以粘毛鼠尾草(Salvia roborowskii)和绒毛鼠尾草(S．castaneaf．tomentosa)分布较广。野外重点对后者进行了考察，表明该种喜一定光照，生长土壤疏松、深厚，有一定温度及肥力，土壤为砂壤土或壤土，在种内形态上表现出一定变化，该种种子萌发较容易，资源量较大，化学分析表明合一些药用成份，研究已显现出一定开发利用价值。     

鸟巢兰属与无喙兰属的蕊柱式样及其在系统发育和分类上的意义

  The column is the most characteristic part of an orchid flower.  It is consideredto be formed by the union of stamens with a central style and stigma.  In the Apo-stasieae, for example, the column is rather primitive in the stamens and style onlypartially united, whereas in the majority of higher orchids it becomes more advancedthrough a eomplete union of them into a single organ.  Within the family, indeed,the column structure is greatly diversified and of great taxonomic significance.  It is interesting to note that a great range of diversity of column structure isbund in Neottia (sensu lato), a small but widespread genus consisting of 14 species,about two thirds of which, however, are of local occurance and seem to be little knownto many botanists.  In some speeies of this genus we find a very primitive columnstructure which is quite unique in the family, while in the others it is much morecomplicated.  In all, five types of their column structure can be distinguished as fol-  lows: (1) column rather longer; anther erect with a short filament attached to theback of the column near the apex; stigma terminal; neither clinandrium nor rostel-lure; (f. 2, 4)  (2) as the preceding, 'except for the stigma more or less curved fore-ward and filament longer; (f. 6, 8)  (3) column rather longer with a clinandrium atits summit, upon which a sessile and incumbent anther sits; rostellum large, hori-zontally projecting out over the concave stigma situated in the front of the column;(f. 10, 13, 15, 17)  (4) as the preceding, except, for the anther and rostellum almosterect, and the stigma more or less bilabiate; (f. 19,21)  (5) column very short; an-ther and rostellum erect; stigma lamellate, erect; reflexed and almost clasping therostellum. (f.,2g) In these .five types, with the exception of the first one in which thelabellum (the median petal) is very similar to the lateral: petals, they all possesszygomorphic perianth with labellum bilobed or entire which is quite different from thetwo lateral petals.      Here, we see a great change in the column structure from one form with stamenand style not fully united to another form  in  which  they  have been well fused.Speaking strictly, these are two sorts of entirely  different column structure. Theformer one, represented by (1) and (2) as stated above, is, in fact, an incomplete ors very primitive column in having a terminal stigma and an erect stamen with itsfree filament attached to the back of the column; and the absence of clinandriumand rostellum.  Furthermore, there exists on the back of the column a thick ridgewith its upper end joined to the filament, with which it is of the same texture andappearance.  In Neottia pantlingii (=Arohineottia pantlingii) the free filament iseven rather longer than the ridge, (f. 6) while in the other three species (f. 2, 4, 8)they are shorter.  It is in my opinion the lower part of the filament adnate to thecompound style or column.  This is another fact of interest perhaps not occuring inany other living orchids.  On the other hand, the latter one, represented by (3), (4)and (5), is a more advanced column structure, in which a higher level of specialisa-tion with well-developed clinandrium and rostellum is reached.  The stigma becomesshallow depressed on the anterior side of the column, or sometimes in the form of so-mewhat a bilabiate lip projecting out before or under the long rostellum.  This isapparently a complete column both in structure and function quite different fromthe former and, contrarily, much like that of Listera.      Basing upon the facts just mentioned, we may subdivided Neottia (sensu lato)into two distinct genera, with two and three sections respectively.  They are as fol-lows:      1. Archineottia S. C. Chen, gen. nov.      (1)  Sect. Archineottia            1) A. gaudissartii (Hand.-Mzt.) S. C. Chen, comb. nov. (China)            2) A. microglottis (Duthie) S. C. Chen, comb. nov. (India)       (2)  Sect. Furciila S. C. Chen, sect. nov.            3) A. pantlingii (W. W. Smith) S. C. Chen, comb. nov. (Sikkim)            4) A. smithiana (Schltr.) S. C. Chen, comb. nov. (China)      2. Neottia Guett.       (1)  Sect.   Listeroides   S.C. Chen, sect. nov.            1) N. listeroides (L.) Rchb. f. (China, Sikkim, Kashmir)             2) N. camtschatea (L.) Rchb. f, (China, Soviet Union)            3) N. megalochila S. C. Chen, nom. nov. (China)            4) N. inayatii (I)uthie) Schltr. (Pakistan, Kashmir)            5) N. tenii Schltr; (China)      (2)  Sect. Neottia            6) N. papilligera Schltr. (Chinas: Japan, Korea, Soviet Union, Sikkim)            7) N. nidus-avis (L.) L. C. Rich. (Europe, Iran, Western Siberia)            8) N. brevilabris Tang et Wang: (China)      (3)  Sect. Hologlossa S. C. Chen, sect. nov.            9) N. acuminata Schltr. (China, Japan, Korea, Soviet Union, Sikkim)     Inperfeetly known species:      10) N. ussuriensis   (Kom. et Nevski) S6o (Soviet Union)     Thus, the subtribe Neottiinae are composed of four genera, namely, Diplandror-chis, Archineottia, Neottia and Listera.  The new genus Archineottia, as one of themost primitive genera in the family, is of great interest from a phylogenetic point ofview.  It shows dose similarity to Diplandrorchis and Neottia in habit, but sharplydistinct from them in column structure.  These genera, as indicated By some authors,also show affinity in some respects with the  subtribe  Limodorinae,  especially  toTangtsinia and Sinorchis, the other two quite primitive genera in the family.  Thereis, indeed, a great need of further study of these interesting or relic genera and this,I think, would go a long way towards solving the problems concerning the origin ofthe Orchidaceae.     

中国远志属植物的分类研究

本文通过对国产远志属的分类系统和外部形态(特别是花部、种子和种阜的形态)及花粉粒形态   的研究,结合地理分布,首次确认国产远志为3亚属、4组(其中2新组),41种8变种。     

云南鳞毛蕨属植物分类概要

本文研究云南产鳞毛蕨属植物的属下分类并列出所有的种类。该属植物在云南现知至少有88种,属下可划分为3个亚属和12个组。为了使这些类群之间的特征轮廓清晰,本文提供了分亚属及分组的检索表。