Addition and Subtraction of Three-digit Numbers: German Elementary Children's Success, Methods and Strategies

The present paper describes the success, the methods (mental, informal written, standard algorithm) and the strategies of informal written arithmetic to be observed when 300 elementary students worked on six addition and six subtraction problems with three-digit numbers. These twelve problems were administered repeatedly by means of a class test: in February (grade 3; nine-year-olds) before the standard algorithms were introduced, in June after they had been dealt with and in October at the beginning of grade 4. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

从答非所问的语用现象中探索交际的语用策略

各种类型的答非所问的话语应答方式比比皆是,那些看似毫不相干的答语在一定的语境中却能够营造出特别的氛围和语用效果。以关联理论为依据,分析各种答非所问的语用现象将有助于推导出了一些安全、有效、机智的语用策略,从而使语言学习者的交际能力得以提高。     

从自发走向自觉：促进教师课程领导的策略

教师课程领导是指教师在课程事务上通过相互影响来实现课程发展目标、促进教师专业成长、提升学生学习品质的过程。目前教师课程领导仍处于自发状态的因素主要在于：传统学校课程管理体制的影响、教师的课程意识淡薄、教师的课程参与意识不强、教师课程领导知能不足、教师文化的封闭与保守等方面。为使教师课程领导从自发走向自觉,应从赋予教师权限和建立对话平台,提高教师课程领导的专业知能,增强教师课程意识,建立合作开放的教师文化四方面努力,以促进教师课程领导。     

香港教师专业发展策略:从不足模式走向互动模式

在全球性的教育改革中,各地十分重视教师教育工作,推出了很多促进教师专业发展的措施。Clark&Hollingsworth提出的互动模式(interconnected model)注意到教师专业发展个人化的本质,强调教师实践领域的重要,促使政策制定者在制定在职培训课程时认识到教师专业发展的复杂性。本文以香港教师专业发展策略为例,指出香港的教师专业发展策略发生范式的转移,从不足模式(deficit model)转向互动模式,着重从多个网络、途径来增加教师学习机会,是一个进步。但是基于教育改革整个系统的复杂性,特别是在问责主义的政策脉络下,如何让教师有多一些时间与空间进行专业成长,仍是深化教育改革急需考虑的问题。     

论广告策略的顺应性

广告,作为一种语言交流方式,要取得语言交际的成功也要讲究策略,所以文章主要从Jef Verschueren的顺应论的角度对八个常用的广告语言策略的选择进行诠释。以顺应论和广告的相关知识为理论基础,对11个有代表性的中英文广告进行定性分析并探讨广告语言策略的选择是如何顺应社交世界和撰稿人假设的读者的心理世界。     

From the Field: Characteristics of Successful Tertiary Online Students and Strategies of Experienced Online Educators

Online learning, now a popular method of education at the tertiary level, creates new challenges for students and educators. Faculty members may know little about how to assist students in succeeding in this new learning environment, and students may be ill prepared to tackle the new demands put upon them. This research sought to identify dimensions of successful online learners by examining primary screening documents and mapping them to the literature base, and then invited experienced online educators to review the dimensions and provide strategies they use to ensure student success. Seven dimensions were identified and confirmed as significant, each dimension with slightly different importance, including access to tools; technology experience; learning preferences; study habits and skills; goals or purposes; lifestyle factors; and personal traits and characteristics. The experienced educators provided several online teaching strategies including students' posting biographies; frequent interaction; collaboration; required participation; question-asking forums; topical flexibility; and minimizing technology requirements.     

战略与实践：从中国创新战略到应用型大学创新素质教育

在创新的时代里,包括高等教育在内的广泛而深刻的社会变革与创新正在不断展开。党的十七大报告明确指出：“提高自主创新能力,建设创新型国家,这是国家发展战略的核心,是提高综合国力的关键。”中国创新战略不仅具有思想性,是政治宣言,而且具有指导性,是行动纲领,它要求应用型大学的创新素质教育必须在这样的新的历史机遇中寻求突破与发展,明确大学生创新素质教育的观念前提、根本途径、目标取向,以“时刻准备着”的姿态融入社会建设潮流,为实现我国2020年进入创新型国家行列的宏伟目标做出努力和贡献。     

不同外界条件下的足球战术选择

足球比赛是在室外进行的。场地、气候、环境等客观因素对比赛的影响是肯定的。据调查，不少球队对此认识不足，准备不够。文章就不同的外界条件对足球比赛的影响，阐述了如何合理、有效地选择足球战术。     

论缓解课堂提问焦虑的教学策略

不恰当的提问会引起学生的课堂焦虑情绪,这在外语课堂教学中是非常普遍的现象,其对英语教学的效果有着极大的损害。该文通过分析课堂提问焦虑产生的原因,并依此提出了缓解课堂提问焦虑的教学策略,为提高英语课堂教学效果供有益的参考。     

How Do Children Come to Use a Taught Mental Calculation Strategy?

This study provides an in-depth analysis of children's use of a taught mental calculation strategy. Three children (aged eight to nine years) who demonstrated contrasting spontaneous calculation approaches, were interviewed following the direct instruction of a calculation strategy. Their responses are explored in relation to constructivist and participation perspectives of learning. In response to a unified view of these theories, hypotheses are generated that ask fundamental questions related to the did actics of mental calculation strategies. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

说不可说:庄子的话语言说策略

庄子话语言说策略是庄子表达修辞策略的一个重要组成部分,它主要解决的是"由谁说"、"说什么"、"以何种态度言说"的问题。掌握并洞悉庄子的话语言说策略,至少为我们走近庄子并走进《庄子》一书增加了一条门径乃至捷径。     

从语法隐喻角度看英语口语与书面语的区别

从语法隐喻的角度对英语口语和书面语的区别进行了分析阐述。提出了加强口语教学的一些建议。     

非区域中心城市高校品牌发展战略的制定策略

创立和发展品牌是地处非区域中心城市高校聚集优质办学资源的重要途径。随着品牌效应的发挥，它会给高校带来巨大的社会和经济效益，极大提升高校办学水平。本文将从明确学校定位、评估内外条件、确定战略目标、形成可操作方案和择优遴选战略方案等五个方面阐述非区域中心城市高校品牌发展战略的制定策略。     

促进数学教学过程中学生参与的策略探究

学生在数学教学中的参与是影响数学教学质量的重要因素.明确数学教学中学生参与的概念和内涵,认识学生参与对数学教学的意义,分析影响学生参与数学教学的原因,并在此基础上探索促进数学教学中学生参与的策略,对提高数学教学质量,实现新一轮数学课程教学改革的目标有十分重要的现实意义.     

中国金融业务制度:从分业走向融合

随着金融创新以及金融业国际化、一体化的发展,金融业务的融合化已成为全球金融业发展的趋势;尽管采取金融分业制度是中国现阶段经济、金融发展水平的必然选择,但加入WTO后,中国金融分业制度将面临挑战,从法律制度及政策层面鼓励金融创新,创造条件,实行金融融合化是中国当务之急的选择.     

自我效能感的功能机制及其对学习策略教学的启示

本文在分析自我效能感的功能与主体作用机制的基础上,针对目前学习策略教学中存在的问题,认为学习策略教学效果欠佳的重要原因之一是忽视了学生运用具体学习策略的效能感的培养。因此,学习策略教学应注重培养学生运用具体学习策略的效能感,并指出了四条培养学生自我效能感的途径。     

审美文化:从传统形态向现代形态的生成

本文认为,审美文化虽古已有之,但其全面兴起却是现代事件。审美文化的兴起有着深刻广泛的社会文化背景,是当代科学技术、经济发展、文化发展导致的人类的物质生产与精神生产的日益普遍的艺术化和审美化的产物,是传统审美文化向现代转型的深刻产物。本文将梳理审美文化由传统形态转换为现代形态的历史轨迹,并从理论和实践上对二者的异同作分析比较.     

高等教育国际化因应方略

从高等教育现代化的视野出发，讨论了高等教育国际化的应因对策，提出高等教育国际化要固本，要着眼本国的教育品质，提升大学的学术水准，宜采取积极主动的方式等观点。     

Strategies in Teaching English to Large Classes in the Universities

It is widely admitted that teaching English to a large class has certain disadvantages over a small class. But in many schools even universities in China, large class teaching is still a common practice. English teachers in many universities in China often have a lot of teaching difficulties and problems. Therefore, it is necessary for those teachers to understand the main principles and learn Some basic strategies for large class English teaching in order to improve their teaching. This paper aims to suggest some guidelines for large class EFL teachers.