我校新生视力的统计分析

我校92～94级新生(除音乐、体育、美术三个系的学生)1822人的视力低下占69.87％,其中女生视力低下率高于男生;农村学生视力低下率高于城市;科学生视力低下率高于理科,这三个年级新生的视力低下率有逐年增加的趋势．表明我校新生的视力低下率较严重,这应引起有关方面重视．     

上高县中小学生视力现况调查

目的：了解上高县中小学生视力现况,为制定措施保护学生视力、预防近视提供参考依据。方法：调查上高县9所中小学在校学生的视力情况,并按国际视力标准进行评判分析。结果：共调查18520名学生,视力低下者9397人,视力低下率为50．74％。其中男生视力低下率为47．53％,女生视力低下率为54．59％。小学生以中、轻度视力低下为主,重度视力低下人数只占15．48％;初中生则以中、重度视力低下为主,轻度视力低下人数只占16．97％;高中生视力低下者,中、重度视力低下占89．84％。小学、初中、高中三个学段的学生视力低下率依次增高。结论：中小学生的视力低下患病率随年龄增长而上升,高中生患病率最高;大多数视力阪下是由于用眼卫生不当等环境因素造成．应尽旱开展预防学生视力低下的健康教育和行为干预,     

浅谈小学生视力低下的综合防治

视力低下是中小学生的常见病。如何有效地保护学生的视力,控制视力低下成为学校卫生工作的重点和难点。 近年来,我校积极采取了一系列综合防治措施,使全校学生视力低下率得到了有效控制。 一、领导重视,做好防近工作。学校成立了健康教育小组,由主管校长任组长,监督检     

我校学生心理健康现状调查分析

采用SCL—90临床症状自评量表,对我校三个年级的学生进行测试,结果表明:学生的心理阳性症状率高于其它院校学生,且差异非常显著;老生的心理阳性症状率明显高于新生;男女生的心理阳性症状率无显著差异;文理科学生的心理阳性症状率有显著的差异。学生的心理健康现状令人担忧。端正学生专业思想、提高学生适应能力、普及心理卫生知识、开展心理咨询活动、提高学生心理素质是急需重视的一项工作。     

三年来汉、侗族新生体检结果的比较分析

本文比较了我校汉、侗簇新生的部分体检项目，包括身高、体重、血压、心率和视力，并对数据作了统计分析，同时还与全国同龄学生作了对比．结果表明我校新生的生长发育极显著落后于全国同龄学生（P＜0．01）．且侗族学生尤为突出．     

1998-2001年大学生视力状况动态分析

本文利用数理统计的方法，对1998-2001年内蒙地区新入学的大学生视力状况进行动态分析。分析结果表明四年问学生的视力状况呈逐年下降趋势，且男、女生平均视力有显著差异，以女生为低不同年龄段的学生视力低下率也不一样，17-19岁段的男、女学生四年问视力低下率均比20岁以上的学生升幅大．学生的视力低下程度以重度为主’中度次之而轻度低下中占到10、2％．针对以上结果本文提出对目前学生视力状况改善的一些见解。     

汉台区6 144名7-15岁中小学学生视力调查

为了了解汉台区中小学学生视力状况,并为预防近视措施提供科学依据。对汉台区2所初级中学和6所小学的学生进行了视力检查。并做了部分问卷调查．结果表明。所查6144名汉台区中小学生的视力正常率61．73％。视力低下率38．72％。视力状况不容乐观。学校、社会和家庭几个方面应共同参与和配合。努力扼制学生视力不良的发展势头．     

福州师专1282名学生营养、视力状况调查

调查 97- 98两年度 12 82名新生营养、视力状况 ,采用“95年全国学生 7- 2 2岁身高标准体重值”评定现时学生营养不良和肥胖 ,用“95年全国 7- 2 2岁城乡学生身高、体重百分位评价表”进行评价 ;用“对数灯光箱”检查视力。结果发现学生视力低下人数两年比较呈上升趋势 ,营养不良学生人数 1998年新生比1997年新生明显增多     

三年来汉、侗族新生体检结果的比较分析

本文比较了我校汉、侗族新生的部分体检项目,包括身高、体重、血压、心率和视力,并对数据作了统计分析,同时还与全国同龄学生作了对比.结果表明我校新生的生长发育极显著落后于全国同龄学生(P<0.01),且侗族学生尤为突出.     

中学生视力低下原因调查分析及健康教育对策

中学视力低下现象越来越被社会所重视。本对我校附中学生视力现状和低下原因进行了调查,通过调查分析发现,中学生视力低下较高;影响中学生视力下降的原因主要是读写姿势不正确、近距离看电视、经常玩游戏机等。为此,必须采取综合性保护措施,加强对中学生的健康教育和视力保护,特别是用眼卫生知识水平的提高,促使其改变不良行为,养成良好的用眼习惯,达到降低近视患病率的目的。     

理州中小学生1991年至2010年视力检测分析

目的：了解大理州学生视力不良状况和变化趋势,为采取预防控制措施提供依据。方法：按照《历年全国学生体质健康状况调查研究工作手册》的要求,于1991年、2000年、2005年、2010年分别对大理州中小学校学生进行裸眼视力检测。结果：白族、汉族男女生,小学、初中、高中视力不良率均随年份的增加而增加,且视力不良率均随年级的增加而增加。平均视力不良率,小学、初中、高中白族男生分别是15．48％、31．06％、49．26％,女生分别是20．05％、38．83％、58．61％;汉族男生分别是23．07％、52．89％、69．47％,女生分别是28．61％、63．00％、77．58％。2010年汉族城乡男女生视力不良率均是女生高于男生（除男生的视力不良率小学阶段城乡差异无统计学意义外）。视力不良的程度除小学白族女生的视力不良率是以中度为主外,其余都是以重度为主。白族、汉族男女生视力不良均以近视为主,重度视力不良率是汉族学生高于白族学生。结论：大理州学生视力不良率有不断上升的趋势,且以重度视力不良、近视为主,学生近视防治工作应引起社会各界高度重视。     

蒙古族青少年应对风格特征研究

笔者采用《青少年心理健康素质调查表·应对分量表》,调查了1768名蒙古族中小学生的心理应对水平及发展趋势和特征。结果表明：（1）蒙古族青少年群体的应对水平部分维度存在显著的性别差异,其中在注重情绪表达的应对策略方面男生非常显著高于女生,而在针对情绪的身体策略方面女生显著高于男生;（2）重点学校青少年应对水平均高于一般学校;（3）不同家庭来源的蒙古族青少年心理应对水平存在显著差异,呈现出城市〉乡镇〉农牧区的递进层次;（4）蒙古族青少年心理应对水平存在显著的年级差异,总平均分上呈现出初二〉初一〉初三=高一〉高二〉高三〉五年级的年级发展趋势,其中初二是发展的高峰期,初二以后至高中阶段呈下降趋势。     

COMMUNITY COLLEGE STUDENTS' OPINIONS REGARDING THE VALUE OF THEIR FRESHMAN SEMINAR EXPERIENCE

Students enrolled in a community college freshman seminar course were interviewed to gather qualitative data on their opinions regarding the value of the course. Existing dissatisfaction among students, faculty, and administrators initiated this study . Data analysis revealed that randomly grouping students with wide - ranging levels of academic abilities and life experiences in a freshman seminar class had a number of drawbacks, as older adult learners differ greatly from younger student learners in aptitude, ability levels, maturity, and academic needs. The findings suggest that older adults need a different kind of freshman seminar course than the traditional first - year student, and that "gifted" older students might be used to provide "on - campus apprenticeships" for other first - year students.     

The learning benefits of using eye trackers to enhance the geospatial abilities of elementary school students

In this study, we examined the spatial abilities of students using eye‐movement tracking devices to identify and analyze their characteristics. For this research, 12 students aged 11–12 years participated as novices and 4 mathematics students participated as experts. A comparison of the visual‐spatial abilities of each group showed key factors of superior spatial ability, and a spatial ability instructional strategy was developed. After training, the same spatial ability test was conducted again, and eye‐tracking records were used to compare the participants' line‐of‐sight and answer rate results with those of the previous test. Specific references and recommendations are provided for spatial ability training education and assessment.     

广西罗城仫佬族7～15岁学生营养状况调查

为了解广西罗城仫佬族自治县仫佬族学生营养状况,对仫佬族7~15岁学生的营养状况进行统计分析。结果显示,仫佬族女生营养过剩出现的高峰年龄为12岁,比男生提前2岁,营养不良和低体重检出率女生高于男生,并随年龄增加呈逐年增长趋势;初中生营养不良和低体重检出率高于小学生;仫佬族超重和肥胖的检出率明显低于壮族和瑶族学生群体水平。因此,应根据仫佬族学生的营养状况,采取切实可行的干预措施,以促进仫佬族地区学生营养状况的改善。     

INSTITUTIONAL PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE PREPARATION OF COLLEGE ADMINISTRATORS

This article looks at the relative usefulness of 12 selected factors in the preparation of college administrators as seen by practicing administrators and faculty in comprehensive community colleges, four‐year liberal arts colleges, and universities.

Three hundred randomly selected faculty and administrators in the state of Iowa were sent survey questionnaires. The returned surveys and research data were then analyzed in order to answer the research question.

The findings suggested that graduates from programs in higher education administration may be more accepted in community colleges than in liberal arts colleges or universities. The findings also showed that university personnel perceived the major research experience as being significantly more useful than the other personnel. Nonclassroom experiences were thought to be the most useful by all personnel, with faculty experience in higher education perceived to be the most useful. This study also showed that both administrators and faculty perceived majoring in higher education administration to be less useful than any of the other 11 preparation variables.

One of the recommendations of this study is that students, graduates, and professors in higher education administration programs attempt to educate the participants in higher education and the public on the strengths and uses of their programs. It was also recommended that further research is needed in the area of administrative task analysis at the different types of institutions.     

THE EFFECT OF ACADEMIC FACTORS ON TRANSFER STUDENT PERSISTENCE AND GRADUATION: A COMMUNITY COLLEGE TO LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGE CASE STUDY

Critics contend that enrollment in a community college lessens the likelihood that a student will complete a bachelor's degree (S. Brint & J. Karabel, 1989). A number of studies have examined personal, demographic, and environmental characteristics that influence the academic performance of community college transfer students. This research has included characteristics that are not readily available to admissions representatives at four‐year institutions, and studies have not considered the private, liberal arts college as the senior institution.

The purpose of this study was to identify easily ascertainable characteristics that occur prior to transfer and to assess the relationship of these characteristics to persistence and baccalaureate attainment at a private, liberal arts college. Two academic factors related to persistence and graduation were included in the methodology: completion of the associate (AA) degree and community college grade point average (GPA) The subjects for the study were 200 students who completed the AA degree and transferred from one of three community colleges to a private, liberal arts college over a 5‐year period.

Results indicated that whereas completion of the AA degree resulted in a higher persistence/graduation rate, completion of the AA degree with a community college GPA of 3.0 or higher increased the persistence/graduation rate to a level equal to that of native students.     

ASSESSING PERSEVERANCE IN STUDIES AT THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF ISRAEL

This study purported to identify major factors which influence perseverance in studies at a distance teaching university with an open admission policy. The results indicate that: students who study in organised groups and get weekly tutorials have a higher perseverance rate as compared to students who study in the regular framework which provides tutorials every three weeks; veteran students have a greater chance to complete courses successfully as compared to novice students; and the success rate in liberal arts and social science courses is considerably higher as compared to natural science and mathematics courses. On the other hand, the factors of age, sex and previous level of education do not have an impact on perseverance and success in studies.     

中国高等教育需求中的城乡差异-人力资本与社会资本理论的视角

本文应用人力资本和社会资本理论,探讨了中国高等教育需求中的城乡差异。研究表明:在控制其他因素以后,城乡高中生对高等教育有着同样强烈的需求,但学生的城乡背景与影响高等教育需求的人力资本和社会资本因素之间存在交互作用:(1)当高等教育预期收益率较低时,农村学生比城市学生更希望接受高等教育;当高等教育预期收益率较高时,城市学生比农村学生更希望接受高等教育。(2)当家庭网络资源较少时,农村学生比城市学生更希望接受高等教育;当家庭网络资源较多时,城市学生比农村学生更希望接受高等教育。农村低社会经济地位的学生对高等教育的旺盛需求表明,接受高等教育几乎是他们改变其不利社会地位、实现流动的惟一渠道。扩大农村学生的高等教育机会,是改善城乡差异的重要手段。政府应该在教育财政和招生等方面进行制度创新以回应此类教育需求。     

大学生成就动机的发展特点研究

大学生成就动机主要是实现自身的价值,充分发挥自己的潜力,希望这种追求能符合社会需要,并获得社会的承认。研究表明,大学生的成就动机水平在四年期间并没有显著的变化。就学业方面来说,从一年级到四年级成就动机水平逐年下降;大学生的成就动机在城乡维度上有差异,但是未能达到显著水平;家庭背景和家庭经济状况对成就动机水平有显著影响;大学生成就动机的个人取向比较突出,但是两种取向是并存的。目前大学生的成就动机在整个学习动机中只是中等水平的作用。