杨式太极拳翻译研究

采用文献资料调研的方法,对杨式太极拳的翻译进行了研究。研究认为,杨式太极拳的翻译主要涉及两个方面:1)太极拳拳理是太极拳运动的精髓,也是译语文化的缺省部分,译者面临的问题是如何为译语受众建构有效的认知图式。以汉语拼音加注释的方法译介中国文化独有的事物有利于传递相异的文化思想;2)杨式太极拳动作名称的翻译,涉及到如何在翻译过程中针对原语名称的文化内涵和技击内涵进行有效的转换。     

太极推手的文化内涵及其翻译研究

采用文献资料调研、专家访谈等方法,对太极推手的文化内涵及其翻译进行了研究。研究着重从文化的角度对'推手'一词的译介、推手的基本技术、推手中的'劲'以及推手的战术指导思想四个方面进行了分析和探讨,旨在促进太极推手的世界传播,促进中外文化之间的相互交流。     

“他者”视域下的武学典籍海外译介传播分析一一以《太极拳体用全书》英文版为例

本文运用文献资料法、案例分析法,基于译介理论,运用“他者”视域对武学典籍——杨澄甫的《太极拳体用全书》海外译介作品从译介材料选择、译介主体、译介原则和译介传播效果四个方面进行分析,发现从“他者”视域观照下,《全书》的译介过程中,西方译者和出版商不再是将弱势文化按照“自我”的文化价值取向进行归化,而是在帮助弱势文化在西方建立其文化形象和身份。这种武学典籍的译介传播模式值得我们重视和研究。     

太极拳的文化理念与奥林匹克精神的融合

中国太极拳文化理念与西方奥林匹克精神是在中西方不同文化背景下形成的,太极拳的文化理念主张"静"重视"养",奥林匹克运动理念主"动"重"畅"。太极拳作为中华民族的文化瑰宝深受世界人民的喜爱,且具有丰富的文化内涵。太极拳运动在当今世界上的广泛传播表明了中、西体育思想的互补和融合。这种融合将是对中国传统文化的有效的继承和发展,也是对当代世界奥林匹克体育精神的补充和完善。太极拳以独特的运动形式和养生思想及自然、和谐的文化理念成为与当代奥林匹克精神相融合的最佳契合点。     

从文化遗产到文化商品——消费社会中太极拳的发展路径探析

运用文献资料,逻辑分析等研究方法 ,对消费社会中太极拳的发展路径进行了探究。文章的主要内容有:文化遗产:太极拳的生存困境;文化符号:太极拳的消费价值;文化商品:太极拳的发展路径。研究认为:有"文化瑰宝"之誉的太极拳在消费社会中成了"文化遗产";太极拳是中华民族特有的"文化符号";消费社会中太极拳的发展路径主要有:充分发掘太极拳的文化内涵和价值;塑造技术与文化一体化的文化商品;太极拳演艺应加入更多的美学元素。     

传统医学理论对太极拳的指导性研究

传统医学理论与太极拳有着千丝万缕的联系,传统医学和太极拳两者不是相互独立的,而是互相联系相辅相成。太极拳与传统医学的发展是一脉相承的,数千年来,两者在发展的过程中,相互借鉴、相互渗透,不仅使太极拳运动不断普及,也使传统医学理论内容不断丰富,丰富了我国的传统民族文化宝库。在发展的过程中逐渐形成了我们中华民族一笔宝贵的财富。文章采用文献资料法、演绎法等研究方法对太极拳中所蕴含的传统医学理论进行研究,从传统医学理论的整体观、阴阳学说、五行学说、经络学说四个方面论述了太极拳与传统医学理论的内在联系。对弘扬中国传统文化、提高太极拳的价值、丰富太极拳的理论等均有着极其重大的理论意义和实践意义。     

太极入门的教与学

一、如何教好太极拳太极拳是意、气、形统一的运动形式。根据太极拳的特点,采用以下几种方法教练太极拳,可以收到较好的效果。1、先"根"后"梢"的方法拳理认为,太极拳真根在脚发于腿,主宰于腰而形于指。实践证明,步法掌握的正确与否,是学好太极拳的关键。因此,我教太极拳首先重在脚下,示范     

健康是小康的前提--兼谈体育工作者的历史使命

党的十六大把全面建设小康社会作为中国现代化建设的奋斗目标。“小康”作为一个十分人性化、个性化的概念,显而易见被广大中国人民所喜爱和接受。甚至很多人谈到这一名称的外文译法时,直言不讳地建议直接采用汉语拼音的拼写方法,认为其他任何对应的外文词汇都不足以传神。 “小康”一词,据查最早出自《诗经》,后来在《礼记》中得到了     

从规则改革视角论提高推手的竞技性和民族性

采用文献资料、专家咨询等研究方法,从规则改革的视角,对如何通过提高竞技性和民族性来促进推手的发展进行研究。认为采取放开运动员相互攻击的部位、突破太极拳的禁锢、丰富技术素材来源、设置擂台、采取三局两胜制等改革可提高竞技性;采取突出推手运动"力和巧结合"的风格特点,取消太极拳套路考核,增设中国武技表演等改革可提高民族性。     

太极拳的生理医学效应研究进展

采用文献资料调研等方法就太极拳对人体各系统产生的生理医学效应的研究进行梳理。研究认为,太极拳练习能促进神经系统和内分泌系统的功能;太极拳练习能改善心血管系统、免疫系统、呼吸系统和运动系统的功能;太极拳是通过对各大系统的综合作用,达到其健身和养生效果的。太极拳是一项安全的,能促进人体健康的锻炼形式。     

“大武术观”下的太极拳传播

＂大武术观＂的提出,不仅为武术的发展指明了方向,也为太极拳的进一步国内国际化传播提供了理论支持。文章运用文献资料法、专家访谈法,并通过太极拳的教学实践总结对太极拳的传播元素进行了分析。研究认为,太极拳十分重视＂内外兼修＂,遵循＂阴阳互济＂等中国传统文化思想,因此太极拳的传播要注重太极拳中所蕴涵的中国文化元素的传播;其次,太极拳的健身理念和机理符合当今社会和人类的需求,因此传播过程中要抓住太极拳的健康元素;第三,太极拳的技术规范和教学方法的多样化是太极拳传播的载体,因此,适时有度地运用不同的教学方法,对于我们在不同的人群中传播太极拳能够起到事半功倍的成效。总之,在＂大武术观＂的指导下,从多维度的视角去实践太极拳的传播,以让太极拳运动更好地为全人类服务。     

Tai Ji Quan as an exercise modality to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease: A review

BackgroundRegular exercise is beneficial for adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors. Tai Ji Quan is popular among older adults and may offer additional exercise options. The present article aims to review the scientific literature published within the past decade on Tai Ji Quan as an exercise modality to prevent and manage CVD.MethodsAn electronic literature search of four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and AMED) was conducted from April 2003 through March 2013. Studies that examined Tai Ji Quan, were published in English, and specified a target study population of participants with a known CVD condition (e.g., coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, or stroke) or studies conducted among participants with a CVD risk factor (e.g., hypertension, dyslipidemia, or impaired glucose metabolism) were included.ResultsA total of 20 studies met the inclusion criteria: 11 randomized clinical trials, seven quasi-experimental studies and two cross-sectional studies. The effect of Tai Ji Quan was examined on more than 20 different study variables among persons with coronary artery disease (n = 5 studies), chronic heart failure (n = 5 studies), stroke (n = 4 studies), and CVD risk factors (n = 6 studies). These studies were conducted primarily in Asia (n = 9, 45%) or the United States (n = 8, 40%). Overall, participants enrolled in Tai Ji Quan had better outcomes, though mixed results were reported.ConclusionCollectively, these studies indicate that Tai Ji Quan is a safe form of exercise to prevent and manage CVD. Further research is needed with more rigorous study designs, larger sample sizes, adequate Tai Ji Quan exercise doses, and carefully chosen outcome measures that assess the mechanisms as well as the effects of Tai Ji Quan, before widespread recommendations can be made.     

Transforming traditional Tai Ji Quan techniques into integrative movement therapy—Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance

Tai Ji Quan, developed as a martial art, has traditionally served multiple purposes, including self-defense, competition/performance, and health promotion. With respect to health, the benefits historically and anecdotally associated with Tai Ji Quan are now being supported by scientific and clinical research, with mounting evidence indicating its potential value in preventing and managing various diseases and improving well-being and quality of life in middle-aged and older adults. The research findings produced to date have both public health significance and clinical relevance. However, because of its roots in the martial arts, transforming traditional Tai Ji Quan movements and training approaches into contemporary therapeutic programs and functional applications is needed to maximize its ultimate utility. This paper addresses this issue by introducing Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance, a functional therapy that involves the use of Tai Ji Quan principles and Yang-style-based movements to form an innovative, contemporary therapeutic approach that integrates motor, sensory, and cognitive components to improve postural control, gait, and mobility for older adults and those who have neurodegenerative movement impairments. It provides a synergy of traditional and contemporary Tai Ji Quan practice with the ultimate goal of improving balance and gait, enhancing performance of daily functional tasks, and reducing incidence of falls among older adults.     

Tai Ji Quan: An overview of its history,health benefits,and cultural value

Tai Ji Quan is considered to be a part of traditional Chinese Wushu (a martial art) and comprises various styles that have evolved historically from the Chen, Yang, Wǔ, Wú, and Sun families (schools). Recent simplification of the original classic styles has made Tai Ji Quan easier to adopt in practice. Thus, the traditional legacy of using Tai Ji Quan for self-defense, mindful nurturing of well-being, and fitness enhancement has been expanded to more contemporary applications that focus on promoting physical and mental health, enhancing general well-being, preventing chronic diseases, and being an effective clinical intervention for diverse medical conditions. As the impact of Tai Ji Quan on physical performance and health continues to grow, there is a need to better understand its historical impact and current status. This paper provides an overview of the evolution of Tai Ji Quan in China, its functional utility, and the scientific evidence of its health benefits, as well as how it has been a vehicle for enhancing cultural understanding and exchanging between East and West.     

太极拳对大学生身体机能影响的实验研究

通过对我校太极拳教学实验组和对照组教学前后的比较对照,就大学生学习太极拳,对呼吸系统和心血管系统等身体机能的影响进行实验研究,对研究结果分析后得出结论：大学生学习太极拳并持之以恒,同样能提高呼吸系统和心血系统等身体机能,促进身心健康,提高学习效果。     

Tai Ji Quan,the brain,and cognition in older adults

The relationship between physical activity (PA) and cognition has received much attention recently. While evidence of improved cognition following PA has consistently been observed, the majority of studies have spotlighted aerobic exercise and the effects of other modes of PA, such as Tai Ji Quan, on cognition have received limited attention. This article provides a brief review of the literature concerning the influence of Tai Ji Quan on cognition in older adults, including those with intact cognition and those with cognitive impairment. In addition, this review proposes potential mechanisms (cardiovascular fitness, motor fitness, movement coordination, social interaction, and meditation statuses as well brain structure and function) evaluated from a neuroimaging perspective that may explain the Tai Ji Quan–cognition relationship. Finally, we present suggestions for future research. In conclusion, Tai Ji Quan, with its multi-faceted characteristics, shows promise as a mode of PA for enhancing cognition, as well as brain health, in older adults. Based on the findings in this review, further exploration of the effects of Tai Ji Quan on cognition in older adults is warranted.     

So much research,so little application: Barriers to dissemination and practical implementation of Tai Ji Quan

Despite the large number of articles published in the medical literature advocating the use of Tai Ji Quan for a wide variety of health-related outcomes, there has been little systematic broad-scale implementation of these programs. It may be argued that the lack of funding from organizations capable of implementing and overseeing large-scale programs, such as governmental health agencies or national non-governmental organizations concerned with healthcare for older adults, is to blame. However, the evidence these organizations need to justify underwriting such programs is in short supply because of conflicting priorities and standards related to determining the efficacy and effectiveness of Tai Ji Quan. Establishing efficacy through acceptable designs such as randomized controlled trials involves strict protocols to ensure meaningful internal validity but different approaches are needed to demonstrate meaningful effectiveness (external validity) outside the study setting. By examining the quality, quantity, and relative proportions of the randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and dissemination studies reported in the medical literature, this paper highlights the disparity in emphasis between efficacy and effectiveness research that has impeded the development of a cohesive literature on Tai Ji Quan and concludes that until more researchers develop a systematic, long-range commitment to investigating its health-related benefits, the research related to Tai Ji Quan will remain fractured and sporadic, limiting the incentive of large funding agencies to support its wide-spread use.     

浅谈我国农村中老年人群的太极拳健身

文章从目前我国农村中老年体育的表现形式、太极拳广泛的适应性、及练习太极拳对中老年身体健康的影响,分析太极拳做为我国农村中老年健身的主要方法,并且有及其重要的意义。     

Preventing falls with Tai Ji Quan: A public health perspective

Falls among people aged 65 and older are a significant public health problem and one that is expected to increase as the population ages. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that Tai Ji Quan can reduce falls and associated injuries among older adults. In this paper, we describe how Tai Ji Quan community programs are being utilized by public health and aging services organizations to reduce older adult falls. We conclude that, to have a population-level impact on reducing falls and improving the health of older adults, Tai Ji Quan interventions must be translated into community programs that meet the needs and abilities of older adults. These programs must be adapted to fit into existing community structures, disseminated through multiple delivery channels, adopted and implemented broadly by organizations, and institutionalized to ensure sustainability.     

Tai Ji Quan as antihypertensive lifestyle therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundProfessional health organizations are not currently recommending Tai Ji Quan alongside aerobic exercise to treat hypertension. We aimed to examine the efficacy of Tai Ji Quan as antihypertensive lifestyle therapy.MethodsTai Ji Quan interventions published in English and Chinese were included when they involved healthy adults, reported pre- and post-intervention blood pressure (BP), and had a non-exercise/non-diet control group. We systematically searched 11 electronic databases for studies published through July 31, 2018, yielding 31 qualifying controlled trials. We (1) evaluated the risk of bias and methodological study quality, (2) performed meta-regression analyses following random-effects assumptions, and (3) generated additive models representing the largest possible clinically relevant BP reductions.ResultsParticipants (n = 3223) were middle-aged (56.6 ± 15.1 years of age, mean ± SD) adults with prehypertension (systolic BP (SBP) = 136.9 ± 15.2 mmHg, diastolic BP (DBP) = 83.4 ± 8.7 mmHg). Tai Ji Quan was practiced 4.0 ± 1.4 sessions/week for 54.0 ± 10.6 min/session for 22.3 ± 20.2 weeks. Overall, Tai Ji Quan elicited significant reductions in SBP (–11.3 mmHg, 95%CI: –14.6 to –8.0; d₊ = –0.75) and DBP (–4.8 mmHg, 95%CI: –6.4 to –3.1; d₊ = –0.53) vs. control (p < 0.001). Controlling for publication bias among samples with hypertension, Tai Ji Quan trials published in English elicited SBP reductions of 10.4 mmHg and DBP reductions of 4.0 mmHg, which was half the magnitude of trials published in Chinese (SBP reductions of 18.6 mmHg and DBP reductions of 8.8 mmHg).ConclusionOur results indicate that Tai Ji Quan is a viable antihypertensive lifestyle therapy that produces clinically meaningful BP reductions (i.e., 10.4 mmHg and 4.0 mmHg of SBP and DBP reductions, respectively) among individuals with hypertension. Such magnitude of BP reductions can lower the incidence of cardiovascular disease by up to 40%.