五育融合：只是手段，不是目的

近年来,关于五育融合的实践与研究如火如荼。五育融合落地落实的前提是要对五育融合的定位、目的和意义有清晰的体认。五育融合不是简单的叠加,而是有价值正当性的高阶融合;五育融合的关键是体现各“育”自身的教育属性;五育融合的基点是“人”的完整性,其根本途径是实践参与;五育融合的最终目的是培养全面而自由发展的人。     

校本教研:三个层面五项修炼

校本教研在新课程实施过程中,发挥着至关重要的作用,从三个层面上进行五项修炼,是提高校本教研的有效途径。三个层面:一是教师层面;二是教研员层面;三是专家层面。五项修炼:一是学习;二是管理;三是表述;四是反思;五是创新。     

中研五年：回顾、反思与展望

时光荏苒,《中国研究生》杂志走过了她的第一个五年。这五年是成长的五年,杂志从无到有,从草创到渐入良性发展;这五年是探索的五年,杂志栏目和内容不断优化、丰富;这五年是收获的五年,杂志发行数量和区域连年扩大,和广大读者结下了深厚的情谊;这五年更是感恩的五年,没有学位与研究生教育领域的各位领导、研究生教育管理干部、研究生指导教师以及广大研究生朋友的关     

市州电大向市州开放大学转型升级的发展战略

市州电大向市州开放大学转型升级的发展战略主要有五:一是转型发展战略;二是开放发展战略;三是规模发展战略;四是内涵发展战略;五是创新发展战略。     

辛集市成教工作拟实现五个突破

辛集市于1997年成教工作要实现五个新突破:一是成教干部队伍自身建设的新突破;二是确保国检合格扫盲工作的新突破;三是乡镇成人学校达标建设的新突破;四是学历教育与实用技术教育的新突破;五是积极开展勤工俭学创收上的新突破。 为完成五个新突破采取的五条措施:一是教育局成教科实行目标岗位责任制;二是抓好典型以点带面;三是实行     

提升高校本科教学质量的五大关键

提升本科教学质量的关键有五个:一是匡正本科教学质量内涵;二是摆正本科教学立足点;三是加大本科教学投入:四是强化本科教学管理;五是深化本科教学改革.     

浅谈师范院校的英语写作教学改革

师范院校的英语写作教学改革要从五个方面入手:一是科学定位教学目标;二是准确定位教学内容;三是科学选择教学方法;四是教师应成为学生写作的引导者;五是对学生写作采用多样化的评价.     

新形势下函授院校招生实施策略探微

当前的新形势下,函授教育招生工作机遇与挑战并存;函授教育招生工作具体实施中应考虑“五立”和“五突破”;“五立”是指需要周密论证并大胆地尝试的新思路和新举措,“五突破”是对原有招生进程和纬度的拓展和衔接;实施时应根据各校实际情况因时因地有针对性地调整。     

基于“五育融合”的智慧教育实现路径

<正>“五育融合”是在“五育并举”基础上提出的观点,也是对“五育并举”的进一步深化和发展。相比“五育并举”,“五育融合”不仅强调“五育”之间的协调发展,而且更加注重“五育”之间的深度融合;在鼓励个体全面发展的基础上,更加强调“完整的人”的培育。^[1]鉴于当前教育领域存在明显的“五育”失衡现象,“五育融合”教育的提出既是对应试教育的反思,又是对回归教育初心的呼唤。近年来,5G、大数据、     

语文教学要牢固树立五种观念

面对新课标,推进语文教学改革,必须牢固树立五种观念:一是综合性的知识观;二是全面发展的学生观;三是自主性的学习观;四是互动性的教学观;五是多元化的评价观。     

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of goat ovaries,follicles and oocytes in view of in vitro production of embryos

Goat ovaries were collected from the slaughterhouse and categorized as right, left, corpus luteum （CL）-present and -absent group and evaluated on the basis of weight （g）, length （cm）, width （cm）, number of follicles, follicles aspirated and number and state ofcumulus-oocyte-complexes （COCs）. Comparatively higher weight [（0.66±0.02） vs （0.64±0.02） g], length [（1.17±0.02） vs （1.1 ±0.02） cm] and width [（0.77±0.02） vs （0.74±0.02） cm] were found in right ovaries than those of left. On the other hand significantly （P〈0.05） higher weight [（0.71±0.03） vs （0.64±0.01） g] and width [（0.76±0.03） vs （0.75±0.01） cm] were found in CL-present group than those of CL-absent group of ovaries. The left ovaries contained comparatively higher number of normal COCs [（1.06±0.09） per ovary] than fight ovaries [（1.03±0.10） per ovary] and the similar trend was found in total number of follicles [（4.51±0.25） vs （4.30±0.23） per ovary] and follicles aspirated [（2.55±0.14） vs （2.52±0.12） per ovary]. But the total COCs per ovary was almost similar in both ovaries [right and left： （1.85±0.12） and （1.85±0.11） per ovary, respectively]. Higher number of total COCs [（1.87±0.09） vs （1.76±0.16） per ovary], total number of follicles [（4.45±0.19） vs （4.16±0.37） per ovary], follicles aspirated [（2.55±0.10） vs （2.48±0.21） per ovary] and normal COCs [（1.12±0.07） vs （0.76±0.14） per ovary] were found in CL-absent group than those of CL-present group of ovaries.     

How to retain postgraduate students in engineering programmes: a practical perspective

Six factors for pursuing an engineering postgraduate programme at Griffith University including (i) programme quality; (ii) employment prospects; (iii) practicality; (iv) personal interest; (v) popularity; and (vi) reputation; and 11 factors for not pursuing this engineering programme including (i) employment prospects; (ii) degree of difficulty; (iii) loss of interest; (iv) interaction with classmates and lecturers; (v) financial difficulty; (vi) programme quality; (vii) persuasion from other institutions; (viii) obligation to family; (ix) career change; (x) self-confidence; and (xi) relocation are studied in this paper. A questionnaire survey on factors for pursuing and against pursuing the programme is conducted. Individual interviews are conducted to gather further information and clarification on the survey. F-tests, relative important index values and spectral behaviour of all factors are estimated. It is found that employment prospects and programme quality are the major factors for pursuing and for not pursuing the programme.     

Pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in Chinese kidney transplant patients

To assess the influence of cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506) on mycophenolic acid (MPA) and correlation analysis of the pharmacokinetic parameters and patient characteristics, clinical outcome in Chinese kidney transplant recipients, the pharmacokinetics of 1000 mg mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) twice daily was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). PKS (Pharmaceutical Kinctics Software) 1.0.2 software package was used for the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters. The meanC _max,t _max, and AUC_(0–12) were (21.88±10.52) μg/ml, (1.20±0.95) h, and (52.546±13.215) μg·h/ml, respectively. The level of AUC_(0–12) in the FK506 group was significantly higher than that in the CsA group. MPA appeared not to be affected by renal function. MPA AUC_(0–12) showed statistically significant difference according to the patient's gender. Project (No. 20040462) supported by the Foundation of Education Bureau of Zhejiang Province, China     

中国古代文学教材建设的十大问题及设想

本文从十个方面论述了中国古代文学教材中现有的问题，并对某些问题提出了自己的一些设想。这十个问题是：1、中国古代文学的名实不符；2、对古代文化的评价落后；3、把文学作品当作信史看待；4、情理分析的尺度欠妥；5、教材的结构杂乱；6、成就与特点混淆；7、对文学自身规律认识不够；8、对社会人生重视不够；9、教材的观点太死；10、文学史与作品选不配套。     

Experimental study on the inhibition of biological reduction of Fe(III)EDTA in NO x absorption solution

Scrubbing of NO _x from the gas phase with Fe(II)EDTA has been shown to be highly effective. A new biological method can be used to convert NO to N₂ and regenerate the chelating agent Fe(II)EDTA for continuous NO absorption. The core of this biological regeneration is how to effectively simultaneous reduce Fe(III)EDTA and Fe(II)EDTA-NO, two mainly products in the ferrous chelate absorption solution. The biological reduction rate of Fe(III)EDTA plays a main role for the NO _x removal efficiency. In this paper, a bacterial strain identified asKlebsiella Trevisan sp. was used to demonstrate an inhibition of Fe(III)EDTA reduction in the presence of Fe(II)EDTA-NO. The competitive inhibition experiments indicted that Fe(II)EDTA-NO inhibited not only the growth rate of the iron-reduction bacterial strain but also the Fe(III)EDTA reduction rate. Cell growth rate and Fe(III)EDTA reduction rate decreased with increasing Fe(II)EDTA-NO concentration in the solution. Project (No. 20176052) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, Ministry of Education     

Danshen protects endothelial progenitor cells from oxidized low-density lipoprotein induced impairment

In this study,we examined the protective effects of Danshen both on endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) in patients with hypercholesterolemia and on in-vitro EPCs of healthy volunteers.In the clinical study,we randomly divided 24 subjects with hypercholesterolemia into two groups(the control group and the Danshen-treated group).At the end of two weeks of treatment,the EPC cellular functions of both groups were tested.The results indicated that,compared to the control group,EPCs in the Danshen-treated group showed significantly better cellular functions,which was manifested in the cloning number,the proliferation capacity,the number of EPC adhesions,and cell migration.In the subsequent in-vitro experiments,EPCs were treated with vehicle,oxidized low-density lipoprotein(Ox-LDL,100 μg/ml),or Ox-LDL(100 μg/ml) plus different concentrations of Danshen(Danshensu 2,10,or 50 μg/ml,respectively) for 24 h.The results showed that Danshen treatments can prevent the detrimental effects of Ox-LDL on EPC cellular functions measured by proliferation capacity(0.24±0.08,0.37±0.11,0.30±0.04 vs.0.13±0.02,P0.05,P0.01,and P0.01,respectively),and adhesion ability(63.00±11.60,70.00±10.80,85.50±11.41 vs.40.50±6.85,all P0.01).Compared to the group treated with Ox-LDL alone,Danshen treatment significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation end product malondialdehyde(MDA) [(4.34±0.54),(3.98±0.47),(3.46±0.31) vs.(5.57±0.64) nmol/ml,all P0.01],increased the production of superoxide dismutase(SOD) [(29.74±0.71),(31.09±0.83),(30.41±0.65) vs.(14.76±3.99) U/ml,all P0.01],and lowered the expression of interleukin-6(IL-6) [(24.62±7.69),(27.04±3.14),(33.38±18.86) vs.(230.67±33.53) pg/ml,all P0.01] and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) [(41.72±6.10),(17.02±6.82),(3.73±2.26) vs.(228.71±41.53) pg/ml,all P0.01] in Ox-LDL treated EPCs.These results suggest that Danshen may exert a protective effect through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features.     

湖南瓦乡人红细胞血型研究

调查了湖南怀化市沅陵县230名父母均系瓦乡人而彼此无血缘关系学生的ABO、Rhesus、P、MNSs四种红细胞血型系统的血型.结果表明,ABO系统中的基因频率r(0.6325)>p(0.2221)>q(0.1464);MNSs系统中的基因频率m(0.5196)>n(0.4804)、s(0.9848)>S(0.0152)、Ms(0.4902)>Ns(0.4576)>MS(0.0272)>NS(0.0228);Rhesus系统中CCDee表型最常见(57.83%),CDe单倍型频率较高(0.7588),而cDe频率(0.0207)较低;P系统中P1基因频率为0.1391.湖南瓦乡人的红细胞血型分布具有我国南方民族的特点.与云贵高原周边其他8个民族之间的遗传距离比较表明,湖南瓦乡人与湖南土家族的遗传距离最近而和贵州的仡佬族最远.     

El profesor como práctico reflexivo en una cultura de colaboración

The aim was the reconstruction of a school curriculum in reflective teaching situations within a co‐operative culture. Two working assumptions were considered: (a) teacher development was based on teacher thinking and (b) school organisation followed a co‐operative culture paradigm. The process features were: (a) university team consisted of external advisers; (b) school curriculum and classroom instruction were reviewed by school teachers; (c) case study as a research approach; (d) ethnographic techniques to collect data; (e) data analysis by a computer program; (f) teachers’ reflective cycle to reconstruct practice; and (g) teachers’ portfolios: narrative vignettes, etc. Findings showed: (a) a collaborative process school‐university; (b) teachers’ thinking and attitudinal change; (c) mobilisation of teachers’ talents and values to work together: (i) teacher dyads to reflect on teaching; (ii) advisers’ writing narrative vignettes; (Hi) collegial coaching; and (iv) curriculum materials designed by teachers. Two conclusions can be accepted: (a) teachers’ pedagogical practical knowledge showed diversity of their implicit theories to design action; and (b) teachers’ grounded theory confirmed that the educational action was based on a co‐operative and reflective culture.     

对影响高职实践性教学若干问题的思考

高职实践性教学中存在地位不突出、管理欠规范、实训基地建设达不到技能培训的要求、评价标准不科学、教师指导能力不强、学生积极性不高等问题，原因在于没有成熟的经验、地方政府对高职投入严重不足、传统的教育教学观念根深蒂固、在职称评审等政策上没有体现出对实践性教学的重视及企业支持学校的积极性不高。应当构建相对独立的实践性教学体系，完善实践性教学管理制度，加强实习实训教材建设和教学基地的建设，积极探索产学研合作教育模式。