玻色--爱因斯坦凝聚--2001年诺贝尔物理奖评介

评介了实现玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的物理思想、可能应用和进展.     

Nobel Prize in Physics 2006

The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1965 was a defining moment in the history of cosmology — the science that deals with the universe as a whole, its origin, evolution and future. This discovery was recognized with Nobel Prizes to Penzias and Wilson in 1978. The Nobel Prize in Physics for 2006 further acknowledged the importance of the study of this background radiation. The precise measurement of the spectrum of this radiation and its variation across the sky have helped our understanding of the evolution of structures in the universe. This article explains these discoveries and their importance. T Padmanabhan is a professor at IUCAA, Pune. He is interested in all aspects of theoretical physics, and especially in those in which gravity plays a role.     

Nobel Prize in Physics 2016

The article describes the theorietical work in the field of condensed matter physics for which the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded.     

诺贝尔物理学奖获得者的传奇佳话

诺贝尔物理学奖是举世公认的最具有权威的科学大奖,自1901年12月10日第一次在瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩授予德国物理学家伦琴后已历经百年有余,除因战争中断6次外,已有近200人获奖,成员分布在30多个国家和地区.在这些幸运的获奖者中有师徒、父子、母女、挚友等,他们意志坚定,为了真理和科学贡献了自己的青春年华,也用自己的实际行动谱写了一曲曲令世人称颂的赞歌.让我们记住他们的名字,也记住他们的事迹,向他们学习.     

碱金属原子的囚禁与冷却

描述了如何利用激光以及磁场构建光学粘胶、激光阱、磁阱、磁光阱等实现对碱金属的囚禁与冷却,旨在明晰的呈现BEC实验实现的关键技术、物理原理以及各种装置的优缺点.     

华人科学家获2009诺贝尔物理学奖

三名物理学家因在驾驭光能方面作出了巨大贡献而共同获得了今年的诺贝尔物理学奖;他们的研究使得互联网成为一个全球性现象,带来了数码相机革命。出生于中国上海的高锟拥有     

Broken CP symmetry and the Physics Nobel Prize 2008

Kobayashi and Maskawa shared half the Physics Nobel Prize for 2008 for their work which incorporated CP violation in the standard model using three generations of quarks. We give an elementary discussion of this work and its importance in our understanding of the fundamental physical laws of nature.     

How Robert A. Millikan Got the Physics Nobel Prize

In 1923, R.A. Millikan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect. Recently, historical research had a focus on Millikan’s publication practice, as well as on the role of his assistant, Harvey Fletcher. Several studies have raised doubts on whether Millikan can actually be taken as a role model for scientific practice; however, what has not been discussed yet is the question of how the Nobel Committee came to their decision to award Millikan’s work. Based on archival material from the Nobel Committee, this paper discusses the nomination procedure, as well as the evaluation process of Millikan’s work.     

The Nobel Prize in the Physics Class: Science, History, and Glamour

This paper introduces a novel strategy for teaching physics: using the Nobel Physics Prize as an organizational theme for high school or even first year university physics, bringing together history, social contexts of science, and central themes in modern physics. The idea underlying the strategy is that the glamour and glitter of the Nobel Prize story may attract and motivate high school students to open-up to scientific topics and thus be spurred to pursue science. The two major arguments for the method are that if presented in story form Nobel Prizes naturally incorporate the philosophical and historical aspects of science and therefore enable teaching about science as well as teaching science itself; and that such instruction implements case-based teaching principles, which is how humans naturally think, learn, and remember. Finally, the paper presents the storycase of the Nobel Prize Einstein received for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect as a concrete illustration of classroom implementation.     

百年诺贝尔物理奖的回顾与评析

回顾了百年诺贝尔物理奖的概况,分析了物理研究中心转移的原因,展望了我国基础考察的前景。     

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2004 is shared by Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose, who made fundamental discoveries concerning how cells regulate the breakdown of cellular proteins with extreme specificity. The three biochemists discovered ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, a process where an enzyme system tags unwanted proteins with many molecules of a small protein called ubiquitin and then sends then to the proteasome where they are broken down.     

The 2009 Nobel Prize in physics

The Physics Nobel Prize, 2009 has been awarded jointly: one half to Charles K Kao “for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication”, and the other half to Willard S Boyle and George E Smith “for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit — the CCD sensor”. In this article, we explain the basic ideas behind these inventions, and why the choice is appropriate in interpreting Alfred Nobel’s will in who should get these prizes.     

科学精神——诺贝尔物理学奖得主成功的支柱

以百余年的诺贝尔物理学奖获得者的集体传记为研究对象,注重分析了激励这些科学精英成功的精神力量是:扬理性风帆、废功利思想、立创新意识。并指出我国本土要想摆脱诺贝尔物理学奖零的历史记录,必须首先从塑造科学精神做起。     

伟大的女性诺贝尔奖获得者

<正>Elizabeth Fry(1780~1845)Elizabeth Fry was born in 1780.She was a Quaker~1 from Britain.She helped improved prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education.Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947.伊丽莎白·弗莱(1780~1845)伊丽莎白·弗莱出生于1780年。她是一个英国教友派信徒。她帮助     

人类智力的第一次飞跃--2000年诺贝尔物理奖成果简介

简介了集成电路，半导体异质结构的发明，发展及其效应和启示。     

原子间相互作用对囚禁原子玻色爱因斯坦凝聚隧穿动力学的影响(英文)

本文研究原子间的线性和非线性相互作用对两个原子玻色爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)系统中的隧穿动力学的影响.这两个BEC初始处于相干态.我们详细研究了这类隧穿动力学的短时间(在凝聚的相干时间内)行为.发现由原子隧穿导致的两个凝聚间的布居差表现出周期性的拉比振荡,其振荡周期不仅依赖于原子间的相互作用,还取决于系统的初态.我们表明在一定条件下此系统可达到一个自囚禁的稳态.我们还研究了两个凝系间的隧穿原子流,发现在一定条件下可获得一个只含纯直流的原子流.     

2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the year 2016 was awarded to three illustrious chemists, Professors Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir Fraser Stoddart, and Ben Feringa. Pioneering works of these chemists on designing molecules, chemically synthesizing them, and extracting a work out of such designed molecules open-up a new area of chemistry in a paradigm shifting manner. Beginning with controlling the molecular motions, particularly involving interlocked macrocycles in late 1980s, the advancement progressed to envelop energy storage and retrieval, and varieties of examples around the concept. Molecular motion alone can also be a rich source for such a work output has also been established. These developments possess the required momentum to uncover a new area of chemistry, wherein energy input-output can be used beneficially to conduct a useful work, in a close analogy to machines such as an electric motor.