银兰和金兰的核型研究

本文报道了国产头蕊兰属植物银兰和金兰的核型：  (1)银兰为  2n=34=10m十   14sm＋10st。金兰有两种细胞型，A型为2n＝34＝8m+16sm十10st；B型为2n=34=   8m+22sm十4st。  后者为一个由染色体结构变异所产生的易位同型纯合子  (translocation   homozygote)，是由A型通过第1对染色体的短臂与第3对染色体的长臂之间的易位所产生。   在植株外部形态上未见明显差异。  (2)按Stebbins(1971)的标准，三种核型均属不对称的  “3C”型。     

甘蓝和芥蓝的核型与孢粉学研究

 本文通过对甘蓝和芥蓝的核型分析和花粉形态的扫描电镜观察，认为它们的核型并不完全一致，而花粉形态的明显区别说明芥蓝是一个独立的种，与芸苔属其他种不很亲缘。     

高能碰撞中横向矩与纵向矩的比较研究

用蒙特-卡洛模拟方法对纵向阶乘矩和横向阶乘矩进行了比较和研究。发现：在一般情况下．只有在引入累积变量后,纵向阶乘矩才与横向阶乘矩相等。冈此,在高能碰撞非线性现象（间歇和分形）的研究中,只有采用了累积变量时,才能使用横向阶乘矩进行计算。另一方面,在单事件分析中,使用横向阶乘矩进行计算是有意义的。     

几种萱草核型的比较研究

Some species of Hemerocallis were cultivated in the campus of Futan Un- iversity, including the evergreen H. aurantiaca Baker.  The original plant of H. auran- tiaca was introduced from Zhangzhou, southeastern Fukien Province.  The karyotype formula of H. aurantiaca is 2n=33=12m+9sm+3st+3T+6m(sat).   The  karyotype differs from those of summer-green or evergreen H. fulva (k(2n)=33=3M+21m+6sm +3T) and H. fulva var. kwanso (K(2n)=33=3M+l8m+6sm+3st+3T).  The vouchers are kept in FUS.     

基于不变矩和小波神经网络的交通标志识别研究

研究了用于交通标志识别的小波神经网络模型,并描述了相应的算法,给出实验结果。实验结果表明,采用不变矩提取道路交通标志的特征,再利用训练速度快、优化性能好的小波神经网络作为分类器对交通标志识别具有很好的分类能力,对实现交通标志的精度识别提供了有力的支持。与传统的BP神经网络识别方法相比,小波神经网络的训练速度更快和识别率更高,能够满足在车辆自主导航系统中对交通标志识别的要求。     

贝母属三个分类群的核型研究

本文对浙贝Fritillaria thunbergii Miq．(取材于浙江鄞县和舟山)、东贝 F.thunbergii var． chekiangensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia和皖贝F.anhuiensis S．C.Chen et S．F.Yin的核型进行了分析比较， 其中东贝和浙贝(舟山)为首次报道．浙贝的核型：取材于浙江鄞县的为2n=24=4m(1sc) l)+4st(1sc) +16t(1sc)，取材于浙江舟山为  2n=24=2m+2sm+12st(1sc)+8t(2sc)，东贝的核型为 2n＝24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(4sc)，皖贝的核型为2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(5sc)。3个分类群均属3B核型。     

披碱草属6种植物的核型研究

本文首次报道特产于我国青藏高原披碱草属Elymus的6种植物的染色体数目和核型。6个种的染色体数目为2n＝42，都是6倍体。它们的核型是：黑药鹅观草，2n=6x＝42=32m+10sm;糙毛鹅观草，2n=6x=42=34m+8sm；大颖鹅观草，2n=6x=42=30m+12sm；疏花鹅观，2n=6x=42=32m+10sm；青海鹅观草，2n=6x= 42＝34m十8sm；长颖鹅观草，2n=6x＝42=34m十8sm。它们的核型属1B或2B型，染色体中均未发现随体。     

国产七种和一变种兰属植物的核型研究

对国产7种和1变种兰属植物，即邱北冬蕙兰Cymbidium qiubeiense、春兰C. goeringii、春剑 C．longibracteatum、线叶春兰C．serratum、蕙兰C.faberi、送春C.fabri var．szechuanicum、寒兰C．kanran、莎  叶兰C．cyperifolium 的核型进行了研究。具体结果如下：邱北冬蕙兰为2n=40=24m+12sm+4st；蕙兰为2n=40=30m+8sm+2st；送春为2n=40=26m+l0sm+4st；寒兰为2n=40=26m+12sm+2st；莎叶兰为2n=40=24m+12sm+4st；春兰为2n=40=24m+l0sm+4st+2t;春剑为2n=40=24m+l0sm+6st。线叶春兰为2n=40=28m+l0sm+2st。线叶春兰中偶尔发现染色体数有2n=41，43，60，80。     

六种葱属植物核型研究

 葱属粗根组和根茎组6种11个居群的染色体数目和核型的研究结果如下:A．cyathophorum: 2n=2x=16=12m+4sm(2SAT)。A．przewalskianum:西藏察雅和四川理县居群分别为2n=4x=32 =28m+4st(2SAT)and 2n=4x=32=28m+2sm+2st(2SAT)。A． polyrhizum :2n=2x=20m+8sm+ 4t(2SAT)。A．mongolicum:2n=2x=16=14m+2st(2SAT)。A.senescens:朝鲜郁陵岛和中国内蒙古 科尔沁左翼后旗居群分别为2n=4x=32=28m+2sm+2st(2SAT)and 2n=4x=32=24m+4sm+4st (2SAT)。A．tuberosum:所研究的四个居群中,山西永济居群为二倍体,2n=2x=16=14m=2st (2SAT),另三个分别来自四川的理县、汶川玉龙和成都三瓦窑的居群均为四倍体,2n=4x=32=28m +4st(2SAT)。A．przewalskianum,A．polyrhizum and A.  mongolicum的核型为首次报道;并首次 在中国发现了A．tuberosum的野生二倍体居群。此外,还讨论了栽培韭的起源以及A．cyathophorum,A．przewalskianum和A.  senescens种内居群间的核型分化问题。     

吉祥草染色体核型的研究

Karyotype analysis for the species Reineckia carnea (Andr.) Kunth of the mo- notypic genus Reineckia Kunth is given for the first time. The number of chromosomes in root-tip cell was found to be 38, which is in accord with those reported by most of the pre- vious authors[5,7,8,9,11,12,]. The somatic complement shows a slight variation in size, i.e., the 2, 3, 5, 6, 7th pairs of the chromosomes have submedian constrictions, while the other pairs have median centromeres. The karyotype is therefore a rather symmetrical one, and accor- ding to the chromosomal terminology defined by Levan et al[4], the karyotype formula of the species is 2n=38=28 m+10 sm. In spite of the presence of two nucleoli in the te- lophase as observed by the authors and Noguchi[8] as well, the two corresponding Sat-chro- mosomes have not been found.  Photomicrograph of the chromosome complement and idiog- ram are given in Fig. 1 and 2 respectively.     

长筒石蒜的染色体核型分析

A karyotypic analysis of Lycoris longituba Y. Hsu et Fan was carried out. The voucher specimen, Z. G. Mao 10501, is preserved in the Herbarium of Hangchow Botanical Garden. The chromosome number in root tip cells of the species is found for the first time to be 16, among which 6 are large, V-shaped with submedian primary constric- tions, and the other 10 are short, rod-shaped  with terminal primary constrictions. Photomi- crograph of the chromosome complement and idiogram are given in Fig. 1-3 respectively. The karyotype formula of the species is therefore 2n=16=6m+6t+4t (SAT) in the light of the chromosomal terminology defined by Levan and al.[5]      Based on the view stressed by Jones[3] and Brandham[4], successive fusion of the ch- romosomes should be taken as the essential mechanism for karyotype evolution and specia- tion in Lycoris. Reciprocal translocation, with the loss of one of the centromeres, might be the mechanism of origin for a V chromosome. It is, then, suggested that the decrease in ch- romosome number as a result of fusion of the rods with terminal or subterminal primaryconstrictions has taken place in the speciation of L. longituba.     

玫瑰红石蒜的染色体核型分析

The  present paper embodies the results of a karyotypic analysis for the species Lycoris rosea Traub et Moldenke.  The voucher specimen, J. Z. Lin 004 is pre- served in the Herbarium of Hanchow Botanical Garden. The chromosome number in root tip cells is found for the first time to be 22, and the karyotype is shown to be an asymme- trical one with rod-shaped chromosomes. A photomicrograph, the karyotype and the idiog- ram are shown in Figs. 1-2. According to Levan et aL.[5], the karyotype formula of the species is 2n=22=22t. But based on the classification presented by Bose and Flory[1], the karyotype formula should be expressed as 2n=22 =C22, and the chromosomes are all with subterminal constrictions.       If regarding 11 as the basic number and centric fusion as the major tendency of karyo- type evolution as proposed by Inariyama[2], Stebbins[6], and Jones[3,4] in particular, L. rosea would be considered as one of the most primitive species in Lycoris from point of view of karyotype evolution. Reciprocal translocations and centric fusions would give rise to V-sha- ped chromosomes. Consequently, the successive decrease in chromosome number may have taken place in the speciation of the genus under discussion. Yet further evidence seems ne-cessary for the verification of the speculation.     

沙冬青染色体数目及核型的研究

本文首次报道了沙冬青的染色体数目及核型，沙冬青  Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.)Cheng f.染色体基数目为x＝9，其核型公式为  2n=18=4m十14sm(2SAT)。     

四川葱属一新种及其核型

本文分析了该新种的核型，其核型公式为K(2n)＝2x＝16=14m+2st(2SAT)，具一对居间随体，有时该居间随体不明显。核型的不对称性为2A型。     

贵州大树茶的核型变异与进化

本文对贵州大树茶7种1变种11类型的核型进行了分析。结果表明，这些种类均为二倍体2n＝30。五室茶Camellia quinquelocularis 2n＝30＝24m+6sm；四球茶C．tetracocca 2n＝30=22m+8sm；大理茶C．taliensis 2n=30＝22m+8sm；秃房茶C．gymnogyna 2n＝30＝22m+6sm+2st与2n=30＝20m+8sm+2st；假秃房茶C. gymnogynoides 2n＝30=22m+6sm+2st与2n＝30=20m+8sm+2st；榕江茶C. jungkiangensis 2n＝30+20m+8sm+2st；茶C．sinensis 2n=30＝20m+8sm+2st以及变种淡红花茶C．sinensis var．ruolla 2n＝30=20m+8sm+2st；均属2A核型。染色体结构变异在茶组植物演化中起了重要作用。所划分的两大类核型，即m和sm类与m，sm，和st类是与其子房室数，即5室和3室相一致的。根据核型的不对称性程度、外部形态及生化分析，探讨了各种类的亲缘关系与系统演化途径，论证了茶组植物的原产地是位于滇、桂、黔毗邻交汇处的云贵高原，探讨了茶组植物的分类学问题。     

睡莲科的核型分析及其分类学位置的探讨

本文对睡莲科6属6种代表植物的核型进行了研究，并探讨了它的分类学位置。结果如下：莲2n＝16=9sm+4m+3st;王莲2n＝24=8sm+8m+8T，蓝睡莲2n＝28，可配成14对，染色体小，第l号染色体上有2条随体；萍蓬草2n＝34＝18m+16sm；芡实2n=58，可配成29对，染色体小，第l号染色体有2条随体，莼菜2n＝72，可配成36对，染色体按大小可分成大，中、小三个类别。除莲外，其它5种植物的核型为首次报道。莼菜的体细胞染色体数目2n＝72和国外报道的2n＝80不相一致。莲的染色体以及形态学特征和其它睡莲科分类群显著不同，可将其从睡莲科中独立出来，并成立莲科和莲目。原归属于睡莲科的分类群仍组成睡莲目，并分别置于莼菜科和睡莲科。     

三种贝母核型的比较研究

The present paper deals with a comparative karyotypic study of three species in Fri- tillaria-F. thuncergii Miq., F. anhuiensis S.  . Chen et S. F. Yin and F. hupehensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsia.  The karyotype of F. anhuiensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin is first reported.       The karyotypes of the three species of Fritillaria are rather similar, all with K(2n)=24= 2m+2sm+12t+4st+4m (SAT), showing a close interspecific relationship.  They all have two pairs of st chromosomes, one of which is the third chromosome in all the three species studied, but the other is the seventh in F. thunbergii Miq, the eighth in F. anhuiensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin, and the fifth in F. hupehensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsia.  It tells us that there are some differences in their karyotypes.  All of the three species possess two pairs of satellite chromosomes with the satellites located on the long arms. A heterochromatic zone is found sometimes on long arms of No. IX chromosome in each species of Fritillaria and on one of No. I chromosomes in both F. thun- bergii Miq. and F. anhuiensis S. C. Chen et S. F. Yin, a chromosome polymorphism occurring between populations of Fritillaria. In addition, three B chromosomes are always found in most root-tip cells of F. hupehensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsiao.