论吕思勉通史撰述中社会学理论与方法的运用

吕思勉是20世纪通史撰述的名家,其先后著《白话本国史》、《吕著中国通史》,均产生了广泛的影响。本文就吕思勉这两部通史中对社会学的接受和运用,略陈拙见。     

吕思勉通史著述研究述评

吕思勉是史学大家,在诸多学术领域都有广泛的建树。他的两部通史著述《白话本国史》和《吕著中国通史》取得了多方面的撰述成就。文章就学术界对吕思勉学术的研究来叙及他的通史著述研究状况,总结以往的研究成果,以期推动吕思勉通史著述研究的新进展。     

吕思勉通史著述研究述评

吕思勉是史学大家,在诸多学术领域都有广泛的建树。他的两部通史著述《白话本国史》和《吕著中国通史》取得了多方面的撰述成就。文章就学术界对吕思勉学术的研究来叙及他的通史著述研究状况,总结以往的研究成果,以期推动吕思勉通史著述研究的新进展。     

柳诒徵的通史理论及其实践

柳诒徵认为通史是了解历史事实、掌握历史知识的必要手段，其本质是天人合一、修身养性的手段，是历史有规律发展的反映，也是历史学家求同存异以类识物的方式。与断代史相比，通史可以跨越时空；与分类史相比，通史更注重历史知识的系统性，但通史只是全史的一个方面。通史的研究方法主要是采用文化史的方法，考察民族文化发展的共性与个性。柳诒徵的许多论著可以看做是通史性的著作，其特点在于文化史学的方法论和民族主义的立场。     

吕思勉与历史编纂的新探索

吕思勉先生是梁启超所开创新史学的承继者和实践者,一生著述宏富,尤以两部中国通史和四部断代史奠定其在20世纪中国史学史上的重要地位。《白话本国史》以其鲜明的进化史观,严密的历史考证和流畅的文字表述开创了通史编纂的新纪元;《吕著中国通史》在继承传统历史编纂遗产的基础上,极富创造性地发明了两大板块的新式体裁,且已显现出对马克思主义唯物史观的服膺。其通史编纂思想和编纂经验在《先秦史》、《秦汉史》等四部断代史中明显地得到运用和发展,因而做到以丰富翔实的史料和独到深刻的议论赋予历史记载以巨大的震撼力。他对历史编纂的不断新探索,亦折射出其学术思想演进的脉络。     

高中历史新课程学习提纲

高中历史新课标教材是按照专题史体例编排的。为便于学习与复习，有必要从通史角度梳理线索。形成清晰的知识结构。因此，笔者参照课标、课标教材及一些复习辅导资料，编写了《高中历史新课程学习提纲》。本提纲采用表格形式．以通史为纵线，政治、经济、文化三大模块内容为横线．以达到一目了然、方便师生学习及复习的目的。     

胡适实用主义哲学与白话文运动

胡适是近代白话运动的主将。胡适白话运动与其实用主义哲学基础之间存在密不可分的关系。这种关系主要可以从三方面予以考察：（1）本体论上的拒斥形上之道；（2）真理观上的工具主义倾向；（3）方法论上的中西会通；哲学基础作用于其白话运动的实践，具体表现为对语言的内在价值的漠视，以彻底的工具主义观点看待古与白话及语改革，并且以实用主义实证方法与清代朴学方法的结合为出发点，发扬评判与怀疑的启蒙主义精神，使历史主义方法成为论证改革思想的主要方法。     

从新旧白话的差异看现代小说的语言基础

“五四”语言转型以往被认为是从文言到白话的转型，但是在小说领域中，它其实也是从古代白话到现代白话的转型；因为“五四”之前，白话小说已经成为主流。现代白话是经过欧化以后产生的，它的身上有许多异质成分，在构成方式和言说方式上与旧白话都有重大不同。现代白话是现代小说的前提与基础，没有现代白话，现代小说的发生、发展都是不可想像的。     

从明清白话小说看《汉语大词典》的书证滞后现象

明清白话小说为我们提供了丰富的语料。《汉语大词典》（以下简称《大词典》）有书证偏晚的现象，本文以《大词典》第一卷为例，对其中的26个词条从明清白话小说中补充一些更早的书证用例。     

五四时期“文白”论争中的中间派

五四时期文言与白话的论争是文学革命新旧思想交锋的聚焦点,是"五四"文学运动最重要的内容。在保守派与激进派主要论争的派别之间还存在着中间派。不同于保守派的文言立场或者以文言改造白话的文言本位立场,他们总体上站在白话本位的立场,又能客观看待文言,认同文言的优点,与激进派在"文白"论争中的观点有所区别。根据他们对待文言与白话的态度及变化过程,中间派分为渐进派和改良派两种。渐进派对白话的态度经历了从怀疑到部分认可,再到主动尝试白话创作的转变过程。他们最终认同白话的价值,但反对废除文言。改良派始终站在白话的立场一方,但是他们也看到了当时白话存在的许多问题,既支持对白话进行改良,又主张借鉴文言的优点为白话所用。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.