关于“学生本位”的大学英语教学方式的思考

根据《大学英语课程教学要求》,大学英语教学必须注重实践能力的培养,用新的教育理念来实现整个教学过程的改进和提升。重视教学模式的改革,强调教学成本的突出,并且需要特别注意的是,应该以学生为本位,加强学生在教学过程中的主体地位。不断吸取以前教学方法的不足,改进教学模式,就应该在大学英语教学中关注五个要点:关注激发学生的兴趣、关注学生自主学习能力的培养、关注学生的课外学习力度、关注学生的学习过程,其中最主要的是关注以学生为中心。本文讨论了关于"学生本位"的大学英语教学方式的优势,以及实现的方式,最后做出了总结和展望。     

Lecturing style teaching and student performance

Teachers in the Netherlands tend to spend less time in front of the class, and often adopt a more personal approach. This allows them to better adjust their lecturing style to the needs of the individual student with the aim of increasing student performance. However, a more personal approach is also more time consuming and potentially reduces the complementary and scale effects of the more traditional lecture style teaching.This study examines whether the proportion of time that teachers lecture in front of the class influences the cognitive performance of students in the Netherlands. In this study we find no relationship between the proportion of time spent lecturing in front of the class and student performance.     

Nonnative English-speaking teaching assistants and student performance

In recent years, much concern has been expressed about the quality of instruction provided by foreign teaching assistants (TAs) in higher education. Critiques of the use of foreign TAs generally argue that they often impede the learning process because of language barriers. The present study examines the effect that nonnative English-speaking TAs had on student performance over five semesters at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Multiple ordinary least squares regression is used to analyze the relationship between student grades and nonnative English-speaking TAs. Subsamples based on a TA's geographic region of origin and instructional area are also analyzed. In addition, course drop rates and the impact of TA training programs are examined to determine possible influence on the results. The results of the analysis consistently indicate slightlybetter performance in sections conducted by nonnative English-speaking TAs.     

培养实习教师教学能力的做法

未来的物理教师必须具备扎实的基本功,包括知识、实验、语言、教法、板书等方面.为了使实习教师尽快地掌握这些基本功,我们在指导实习教师实习的过程中采用了"微型教学法".     

Postgraduate training in student learning and teaching

A postgraduate training programme in the areas of student learning and supervision is presented. An experiential method of training is employed which involves laboratory and pilot plant supervisions in the Chemical Engineering Department of Imperial College. A series of workshops is used to facilitate discussion on teaching theory and practice, as well as on student counselling and communication issues. Log-book entries are used for the documentation of specific events arising from the supervision sessions, which provide a good basis for peer discussion, as well as an opportunity for self-reflection. A number of examples arising from the workshops are used to demonstrate the mutual benefits of the training programme to academic staff and students. In addition to training in teaching skills, the programme is shown to provide a mechanism for the quality control of demonstrators involved in undergraduate teaching, as well as a regular feedback mechanism to staff on the efficacy of the laboratory-based courses. Through teaching and a structured staff support scheme, the programme is believed to address some of the current concerns on the non-technical (soft) training, and on the further development of the broad science and engineering knowledge of UK postgraduate students.     

Faculty attitudes toward student evaluation of teaching

This study dealt with university faculty attitudes toward the validity of and varying uses for student evaluations of teaching. It was hypothesized that faculty attitudes toward the potential uses of student evaluations would be systematically related to a professor's a priori frame of reference regarding the validity of these instruments. On the basis of responses to selected questionnaire items, faculty were divided into those whose frame of reference (1) opposed the idea that student evaluations could be made valid, (2) supported the idea that existing evaluation forms were valid, and (3) were uncommitted regarding this validity question. A fourth group, administrators at the university, were also surveyed. Large and consistent differences among these groups were found on policy matters such as the use of student evaluations in tenure and promotion decisions, in providing information to students to help them choose courses, and on a variety of other issues. In each case the results supported the hypothesis.Authors' names are ordered randomly.     

主体教育思想及主体教学实践模式--谈当今教法改革中的一个重要导向

一、主体教育思想及提出 我国教育理论界始于20世纪80年代的有关弘扬学生主体性的讨论,使人们关于教育对人的发展作用的认识逐步深入,进而形成了对当今教育的改革和发展产生着深远影响的主体教育思想①. 主体教育思想主要包括两个方面的内容:一是教育的主体性,二是主体性教育.     

College student perceptions of teaching and learning quality

Numerous instructional design models have been proposed over the past several decades. Instead of focusing on the design process (means), this study investigated how learners perceived the quality of instruction they experienced (ends). An electronic survey instrument containing nine a priori scales was developed. Students responded from 89 different undergraduate and graduate courses at multiple institutions (n = 140). Data analysis indicated strong correlations between student self-reports on academic learning time, how much they learned, First Principles of Instruction, their satisfaction with the course, perceptions of their mastery of course objectives, and global course ratings. Most importantly, these scales measure principles with which instructional developers and teachers can evaluate their products and courses, regardless of design processes used: provide authentic tasks for students to do; activate prior learning; demonstrate what is to be learned; provide repeated opportunities for students to successfully complete authentic tasks with coaching and feedback; and help students integrate what they have learned into their personal lives.

Questionnaire design for student measurement of teaching effectiveness

The design and use of questionnaires in course and faculty evaluation are discussed and the literature surveyed. Problems of questionnaire construction and interpretation of results are described and a questionnaire developed by the authors in the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Waterloo is given as an example.     

酒店管理专业学生形体课教学模式浅析

本文对酒店管理专业形体课"小群体学习式"和"成功体育"相结合的教学模式从教学指导思想、教学过程结构和相应的教法体系三个基本因素方面进行了分析,提出了酒店管理专业学生职业形象、自主学习、积极学习、体验学习的重要性。     

Beginning student teachers' opinions about teaching primary science

Conclusions Beginning student teachers have already acquired very definite views about teaching science before they begin their teacher training course. These views are generally similar to the views espoused by science educators, but are contrary to the classroom practices of many teachers. Their views seem to have origins in what the students perceive to have been meaningful and enjoyable learning experiences for themselves in their own schooling; and to a lesser extent for children they have observed. Female students who have studied more science at high school tend to favour the use of worksheets in experimental work. Several interesting questions arise from these findings: When these students begin to teach as qualified teachers, will they still espouse the same opinions? If so, does that mean that there is a ‘new wave’ of teachers entering the service who are more committed to hands-on activity work than their older colleagues? If not, what aspects of the teacher training process have caused them to change their opinions? Will these present students be using hands-on strategies themselves after they have been teaching for some time? That is, do system and school constraints effectively prevent teachers from using such strategies? Can secondary science teachers do more to influence positively their students' opinions about teaching science, such as engendering more positive attitudes to science, incorporating more hands-on work, and relying less on printed worksheets in laboratory work? This exploratory work has highlighted the concern expressed by Morrissey (1981) in that there is a great need for long term longitudinal studies of student teachers' attitudes to teaching science, with a particular focus on their teaching behaviours after graduation.     

生物实验教学促进学生素质教育解析

生物学本身就是一门实验学科,各种生命现象和生命活动规律主要是通过观察、实验获得的。如叶的结构,通过学生动手、观察、分析得出只有气孔能向外散失水分,靠近叶上表皮的栅栏组织含叶绿体数目多,排列整齐,因此绿色要深一些。教师要使学生明确生物学知识,必须用科学的方法、实事求是的作风去     

Encouraging the habit of seeing in student teaching

This article addresses how mentoring can move the student teachers' process of learning towards constructive teaching forms. An underlying assumption of such an approach is the need to understand what pupils know and say. The focus in the article is on how Sara, a cooperating teacher in Norway, encourages student teachers to start their student teaching by developing a mindset where seeing the kids is in focus. She does so by designing and taking care of natural learning situations, and by assisting them to develop their habit of seeing through their own teaching.