Principal Component-Discrimination Model and Its Application

Having researched for many years, seismologists in China presented about 80 earthquake prediction factors which reflected omen information of earthquake. How to concentrate the information that the 80 earthquake prediction factors have and how to choose the main factors to predict earthquakes precisely have become one of the topics in seismology. The model of principal component-discrimination consists of principal component analysis, correlation analysis, weighted method of principal factor coefficients and Mahalanobis distance discrimination analysis. This model combines the method of maximization earthquake prediction factor information with the weighted method of principal factor coefficients and correlation analysis to choose earthquake prediction variables, applying Mahalanobis distance discrimination to establishing earthquake prediction discrimination model. This model was applied to analyzing the earthquake data of Northern China area and obtained good prediction results.     

The Counties of England: a nineteenth-century geographical game to amuse and instruct

This study examines a Victorian geographical card game entitled The Counties of England published by Jaques & Son. Advertised as highly instructive and educational, it was designed to teach children about the principal towns in each county, their products and notable buildings. The aims of the study were to discover whether the information printed on the cards accurately reflected the towns’ main features and if the number of cards allocated to each county was representative of its population size. The study found that many towns included in the first edition of the game were accurately represented, but later issues, despite some modification, carried somewhat outdated information. Counties with large populations were also generally allotted more cards. Several factors were identified as possibly influencing which towns were selected and how they were presented, including tourist appeal, the card designer’s interests and knowledge and the rules and conventions of the game.     

校长信息化领导力的构成与模型

教育信息化是国家教育发展的重要方针,它要求校长有信息化领导力。校长信息化领导力是指校长在推进学校信息化过程中,能够规划、建设信息化发展愿景,并能影响和带领师生共同实现这个愿景的能力与智慧。它由学校信息化系统的规划与建设、人力资源建设、教学与管理、经验与总结、校园文化建设五个方面构成。为此,要求校长有一定的信息素养。提高校长的信息化领导力段开展校长信息化领导力、校长信息化领导力评阅价的研究,改革现有校长培训方式。     

Ultrastructure of spermatozoa of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bullacta exarata</Emphasis> (philippi) and its significance on reproductive evolution and physio-ecological adaptation

The morphology and ultrastructure of Bullacta exarata spermatozoa observed by light and transmission electron microscopy are presented in this paper. The spermatozoon is composed of head with a simple acrosomal complex and an elongated nucleus, and tail with a midpiece, principal piece and an end piece. The midpiece consists of a mitochondrial ring, and the principal piece is composed of axoneme and lateral fin. The structure of B. exarata spermatozoa differs significantly from that of other gastropods, especially in the lateral fin and the principal piece, which was described scarcely before. A comparison is made between B. exarata and other gastropods, and its significance on reproductive evolution and physio-ecological adaptation is preliminarily discussed. Project supported by the Committee of Natural Science of Zhejiang Province (No. 398081) and Wenzhou Normal College (No. 2001Y15), China     

“委托-代理”视角下的教师激励机制研究

“委托-代理”关系是指任何一种涉及非对称信息的交易,交易中有信息优势的一方称为代理人．另一方称为委托人。“委托-代理”理论是继产权理论后教育经济学界所关注的又一热点问题。教师与学校管理者在“委托-代理”关系中存在道德风险、逆向选择等问题,严重影响教师工作的积极性和主动性,进而影响学校的教学效率。为此。必须建立有效的激励机制,包括合理设计报酬、赋予教师权利、给予教师精神关怀等。     

论信息经济学中的委托代理问题

信息经济学是非对称信息博弈论在经济学中的应用 ,主要研究什么是非对称信息情况下的最优契约。经济学中的委托———代理关系泛指任何一种涉及非对称信息的交易 ,即在交易过程中 ,拥有信息优势的一方被称为代理人 (agent)而另一方则称为委托人 (principal)。参与人在动态博弈中的行为可能完全不同于静态博弈中的行为。这一结论对于委托代理关系而言 ,同样是成立的。道德风险是信息经济学中委托———代理关系的核心问题。类似锦标制度的激励合同可能是解决委托人道德风险问题的一个有效办法。如果存在着信息不对称问题 ,委托权的分配就复杂得多了 ;此时 ,最优委托权的安排不仅要考虑到风险态度的问题 ,而且还要考虑到激励问题。经营者之所以是委托人 ,是因为经营者的行为最为重要又最难监督。     

Statement of Theme

This article argues that a principal's actions can create site-based conditions that can grow a staff's capacity to improve instruction, depending on how a principal conceives of, organizes, and structures learning opportunities for teachers. The article analyzes the leadership of one principal as an example of how leaders can develop instructional capacity to improve teaching and learning. A conceptual framework is presented that defines instructional capacity and offers an approach for its development.     

Ultrastructure of spermatozoa of Bullacta exarata (philippi) and its significance on reproductive evolution and physio-ecological adaptation

The morphology and ultrastructure of Bullacta exarata spermatozoa observed by light and transmission electron microscopy are presented in this paper. The spermatozoon is composed of head with a simple acrosomal complex and an elongated nucleus, and tail with a midpiece, principal piece and an end piece. The midpiece consists of a mitochondrial ring, and the principal piece is composed of axoneme and lateral fin. The structure of 5. exarata spermatozoa differs significantly from that of other gastropods, especially in the lateral fin and the principal piece, which was described scarcely before. A comparison is made between B. exarata and other gastropods, and its significance on reproductive evolution and physio-ecological adaptation is preliminarily discussed.     

Ultrastructure of spermatozoa of Bullacta exarata (philippi) and its significance on reproductive evolution and physio-ecological adaptation

The morphology and ultrastructure ofBullacta exarata spermatozoa observed by light and transmission electronmicroscopy are presented in this paper. The spermatozoon is composed of head with a simple acrosomal complex and anelongated nucleus, and tail with a midpiece, principal piece and an end piece. The midpiece consists of a mitochondrial ring,and the principal piece is composed of axoneme and lateral fin. The structure orB. exarata spermatozoa differs significantlyfrom that of other gastropods, especially in the lateral fin and the principal piece, which was described scarcely before. Acomparison is made between B. exarata and other gastropods, and its significance on reproductive evolution andphysio-ecological adaptation is preliminarily discussed.     

Multi-spectral remote sensing image enhancement method based on PCA and IHS transformations

This paper introduces a new enhancement method for multi-spectral satellite remote sensing imagery, based on principal component analysis (PCA) and intensity-hue-saturation (IHS) transformations. The PCA and the IHS transformations are used to separate the spatial information of the multi-spectral image into the first principal component and the intensity component, respectively. The enhanced image is obtained by replacing the intensity component of the IHS transformation with the first principal component of the PCA transformation, and undertaking the inverse IHS transformation. The objective of the proposed method is to make greater use of the spatial and spectral information contained in the original multi-spectral image. On the basis of the visual and statistical analysis results of the experimental study, we can conclude that the proposed method is an ideal new way for multi-spectral image quality enhancement with little color distortion. It has potential advantages in image mapping optimization, object recognition, and weak information sharpening.     

动态形状模型中最优搜索空间和最优搜索过程

首先提出了最优形状子空间概念,它由主要形状子空间和主要形状变化子空间联合构成,最大程度上包含了搜索形状上的变化,更贴近现实中要搜索的目标.然后,在仔细研究了经典算法中的搜索过程后,通过引入代价函数和反馈机制,提出了一种最优搜索的概念,使在搜索过程中搜索、评价、反馈不断地进行,最后得到最佳的搜索结果.实验表明:提出的最优形状子空间在保证主要形状的基础上给出了最大限度的形状变化,最优搜索过程可保证搜索到局部的惟一最优形状.它们的综合大大改善了动态形状模型的性能,并提高了搜索的精确性.     

网络化生存状态与虚拟性思想政治教育

网络化生存已经成为当下大学生的生活常态。虚拟性思想政治教育正是为了适应网络技术的发展而建立的全新的思想政治教育形态。虚拟性思想政治教育不能简单地理解为在网络中开展思想政治教育,而是必须适应网络信息交流的特点,建立更有效的思想政治教育形态。为此,其教育模式要构建主体性思想政治教育模式;教育理念是进行网络主体性教育和引导学生辨识网络信息;教育方法要利用网络优势增强高校思想政治理论课的吸引力和影响力,利用校园网优势拓展思想教育阵地,倡导网络自律,强化法制教育。     

面向冲床升级改造双单片机数控系统软件结构设计

针对双单片机冲床主从式系统的软件分工,分别设计主CPU系统和从CPU系统的软件结构。主CPU完成系统的管理和数据处理等非实时性任务,从CPU完成插补和位置控制等实时性任务。采用双口RAM通信协议,加速主从CPU系统间机床状态信息和加工数据的传送。     

陆地棉F_2代单株选择的主成分分析

以抗虫棉品种和非抗虫棉杂交,在选择的条件下对F2代单株性状采用主成分分析的方法,就综合农艺性状对产量性状的影响进行了研究.结果表明：前5个主成分因子累积方差贡献率达74.95%,基本反映遗传信息.各主成分分析结果依次为：结铃性因子、形态因子、铃重因子、衣分因子、营养生长因子.依据主成分评价,较为理想的杂交F2代抗虫棉单株应是第1主成分较大,第2主成分适中的品种,即以果节数、果枝数和结铃数多,果枝夹角、株高和铃重适中的类型.通过5个主成分的总得分,构建出新的一个F2代单株选择指数,可以此作为F2代单株选择的依据.     

西部地区装备制造业优势小行业研究

由于主成分分析是一种实用的多元统计分析方法,能消除样本指标之间的相关性,在保持样本主要信息的前提下,提取少量具有代表性的主成分;采用主成分分析方法对西部装备制造业的国内竞争力加以分析和比较;通过对装备制造业209个小行业19项主要经济指标进行主成分分析,并对其分析结果进行汇总比较研究,找出西部具有比较优势的小行业。     

关于主从JK触发器二次变化的讨论

本根据主从JK触发器的组成原理图,分析了触发器初态为“0”态和“1”时,输入信号J、K发生变化主触发器产生二次变化的情况。     

基于委托代理理论的信息安全外包激励机制分析(英文)

为了解决企业信息安全外包过程中由于利益不一致和信息不对称产生的委托代理问题,需要设计合理的激励机制来促使代理企业积极地完成外包服务.基于委托代理理论对信息安全外包激励机制进行建模,分析信息资产价值、入侵概率、信息安全环境、代理人成本系数及代理人的风险偏好度等因素对激励机制的影响,得出企业信息资产价值和入侵概率对固定酬金及补偿系数有着正向的影响,而企业的信息安全环境、代理人成本系数以及代理的风险偏好度等因素均对补偿系数呈负向的影响.委托企业可以据此合理设定外包合约中的固定酬金及补偿系数,以最大限度激励信息安全外包代理企业提升服务水平.     

最大特征值及其特征向量的应用

矩阵的最大特征值及其特征向量反映矩阵的主要信息．文章通过建模实例介绍了最大特征值及其特征向量的应用．针对反映一组学生的各种能力的数据,进行统计分析处理,借助主成分分析法的思想,用矩阵的最大特征值及其所属的特征向量的分量的大小顺序,给出这组学生按综合能力由强到弱的排序,并用数值方法,对各种组队方案的合理性进行讨论．     

COMPARING QUALITY IN EUROPE

As higher education begins to operate increasingly in a European framework, consequences for the assurance of quality in higher education are bound to become evident. A pilot study to develop a methodology for the comparison of quality across different higher education systems is described. The project involved comparison of ten study programmes in economics in Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. A design derived from general considerations about the concept of quality and about the nature of higher education and different systems incorporated two stages. First was the collection of information and the processing of this information into manageable data sets; second was the assessment of the information by way of peer review. The proceedings and principal findings of both stages followed the overview of the project design. The article concludes by highlighting some implications of this pilot project for the future of quality assurance in higher education on a European scale.     

英汉语篇名词性省略、替代与信息关系研究

省略和替代不仅是一般意义上的语法关系在语言形式中的体现，而且与以语境为特点的信息结构紧密相关。文章从省略和替代中的一个主要方面——名词性省略和替代进行英汉语信息结构的比较研究。以揭示它们与英汉语信息价值的关系。