工程制图仿真系统设计

工程制图仿真系统由多个独立的课件或素材库构成。利用AutoCAD软件进行三维实体造型 ,再利用 3DSMAX软件制作三维动画 ,充分运用色彩、自动旋转、切割、叠加、剖切、拆装和透明等效果 ,图片及动画均制作成JPG或GIF格式。动画在 3DMAX软件中保存为AVI格式 ,然后通过豪杰软件压缩为MPEG格式 ,再转化为GIF格式 ,以使仿真系统用于网上运行     

Spatial visualization, visual imagery, and mathematical problem solving of students with varying abilities

The purpose of this study was to investigate students' use of visual imagery and its relationship to spatial visualization ability while solving mathematical word problems. Students with learning disabilities (LD), average achievers, and gifted students in sixth grade (N = 66) participated in this study. Students were assessed on measures of mathematical problem solving, visual imagery representation, and spatial visualization ability. The results indicated that gifted students performed better on both spatial visualization measures than students with LD and average-achieving students. Use of visual images was positively correlated with higher mathematical word-problem-solving performance. Furthermore, the use of schematic imagery was significantly and positively correlated with higher performance on each spatial visualization measure; conversely, it was negatively correlated with the use of pictorial images.     

基于VRML和JAVA的计算机图形学课堂教学中三维可视化算法与实现

在计算机图形学教学中,许多概念使用传统的教学工具很难教授。因此,本文建立了一个三维可视化系统,将该系统运用于计算机图形学课程的课堂教学中,帮助老师讲解许多基础的图形学算法的工作。本文描述了如何使用VRML和JAVA创建applet程序和3D模型,使得计算机图形学中比较难以理解的算法可视化。文中描述了系统结构和算法分析,...     

工程制图试题库建设的探索与实践

工程制图试题库主要由题库、组卷系统和试卷质量分析系统组成。提出了题库全部采用AutoCAD绘图软件录入,组卷系统利用VC++和ObjectARX库对AutoCAD进行二次开发的一种工程制图试题库的建设方法。     

基于分布式虚拟技术的工程图学CAI探索与实践

该文基于分布式虚拟技术,结合工程图学课程教学的特点,论述了在现代教育环境下的计算机辅助图学教学,提出了适用于网络化的计算机辅助图学教学框架体系和相关技术,开发了网络化的工程图学教学课件虚拟系统.该系统以虚拟技术为支撑,紧紧围绕图学教学的宗旨,综合利用了虚拟技术的各种开发工具和理论,具有虚拟现实系统的特点:沉浸感、交互性、构想.     

First-year engineering students' difficulties in visualization and drawing tasks

Visualizing parts, meaning interpreting the views of an object which has been represented in a drawing, is a fundamental skill in engineering. However, learning deficiencies and difficulties have been observed among engineering undergraduates, and there is a high failure rate in drawing courses. In order to determine the origin of these deficiencies, a qualitative design has been developed based on personal interviews. A group of students was interviewed to analyse the solution process they applied to three visualization problems with increasing difficulty. The steps they took were structured and categorized along with the difficulties and deficiencies which were detected. Most of the students affirmed that they did not possess methodology to solve these problems and relied on trial and error and intuition. The results seem to indicate that there are specific difficulties and that it is possible to define a set of skills which guide students through the process of visualizing parts.     

A longitudinal evaluative study of student difficulties with engineering graphics

We have previously reported in this journal that spatial ability influences academic performance in engineering. We have also reported that spatial ability is trainable, and can be increased through instruction focused on using perception and mental imagery in three-dimensional representation. In this article, we present the results of a longitudinal evaluative study of student difficulties with engineering graphics at our university, involving research over a 24-year period. Prior to our intervention, the first-year engineering graphics course at our university had a failure rate of 36% for all engineering students, and failure rates of 80% for African students studying at our university. In terms of outcomes, our study indicates that changed teaching practices have been associated with increased pass rates, which currently average 88% for all students. There is clear evidence that African students no longer experience major difficulties in passing the course. This can be attributed both to changes in teaching methodology, as well as broader contextual changes occurring in South Africa over the period reviewed.

Despite evidence of increased pass rates, our data suggest that there is a continuing relationship between three-dimensional spatial perception and academic performance in engineering graphics, as well as with aggregated first-year engineering marks. For this reason, many students still require academic support. There is also evidence that female students experience difficulties with engineering graphics due to lack of previous technical experience, and use a variety of strategies to overcome their study problems. The most effective appear to be use of peers and friends, and in particular students who had previously taken the course, as mediators of the course content and materials. Those female students who have not taken technical drawing at school level, and female students who do not network with other engineering students, are those at greatest disadvantage.     

工程力学教学中的形象化教学与抽象思维

通过工程力学教学中的实例,探讨了形象化教学与抽象思维在工程力学教学中的应用.     

机械创新能力培养的工程图学培养模式构建

工程图学是工科学生表达创新能力的基本手段。通过基于机械创新能力的工程图学课程体系构建,提出“图学思维能力+产品构建思维能力”的工程图学思维培养模式,构建基于三维数字化建模设计表达手段新平台。同时对基于机械创新设计的个性化设计模式、项目引入模式、项目组设计模式等培养模式进行了深入的研究和实践。     

Media,mental imagery,and memory

Recent research indicates that the human information-processing system can gather and store a limited amount of information at any one time. An individual receives stimuli in many forms: auditory, verbal, visual and others, and combinations of these. Stimuli can be presented by single and multiple-channel media; in multichannel presentations interference affects processing and retention. Thirty-two students at the University of Oregon were tested to determine the effects of media on mental imagery and memory. The model incorporates a dual-coding hypothesis, and five single and multiple-channel treatments were used. An erratum to this article is available at .     

Observation,Perception and Education

Summaries

English

Observations and other forms of perception are fundamental to the practice of science. These involve attention to a stimulus, and discrimination and categorization of the sensory input. The available evidence indicates that perception improves with practice; that it is helped if distinctive and discriminatory features are identified and are highlighted; and that this can be done with contrasting examples. Knowledge of categories into which stimuli may be sorted, and of relevant language, may provide a framework for perception.

The interpretation of a perceptual stimulus is influenced by previously‐learned knowledge, intellectual skills and cognitive strategies, and by the person's mental set.     

感知·想象·情感·理解——语文教学的审美心理流程

语教学的美育目的应是构建学生的审美心理机制。只有在教学中遵循和有机运用感知、想象、情感、理解等审美心理流程，把学生当成主动积极的认知，才能将作品中美的情感、美的意境化于学生的心灵，才能使学生与作品产生生命的交流和融合。     

采矿工程三维可视化虚拟实验室建设

分析了采矿工程实验室建设的现状及其存在的问题;通过介绍虚拟现实技术的本质涵义和分析其在教育领域中价值,提出建立基于三维可视化技术的采矿工程虚拟实验室并确定其基本功能,为采矿工程实验室建设开辟一条崭新途径.     

Spatial ability,visual imagery,and mathematical performance

116 Foundation Year Engineering Students, at the University of Technology, Lae, Papua New Guinea, were given a battery of mathematical and spatial tests; in addition, their preferred modes of processing mathematical information were determined by means of an instrument recently developed in Australia by Suwarsono.Correlational analysis revealed that students who preferred to process mathematical information by verbal-logical means tended to outperform more visual students on mathematical tests. Multiple regression and factor analyses pointed to the existence of a distinct cognitive trait associated with the processing of mathematical information. Also, spatial ability and knowledge of spatial conventions had less influence on mathematical performance than could have been expected from recent relevant literature.     

自主品读 自我感悟

"阅读是学生的个性化行为,不应以教师的分析来代替学生的阅读实践。"根据课程标准的相关要求,从鼓励学生自主学习,激发学生的内驱力入手,引导学生自主品读,自我感悟,把课堂还给学生。     

Language,Perception, Culture & Communication

The paper explores the prospect of introducing language, perception, culture and communication. Starting with some definitions of language, perception, culture and communication, the paper argues for t...     

Language,Perception, Culture & Communication

The paper explores the prospect of introducing language, perception, culture and communication. Starting with some definitions of language, perception, culture and communication, the paper argues for the internal connection among them. It provides better understanding of these factors in foreign language learning and encourages learners to achieve the better learning result to communicate effectively through language, culture etc.