Learning models and learning environments 1

Recent research and reviews question the adequacy of psychological models for research on instruction and learning. Six models—stimulus variation, organismic variation, multiple variation, interaction, stimulus mediation, and goal setting‐may be, in some cases, too simple and, in other cases, too complex to account for classroom learning. Perceptions of the social environment can make the models more parsimonious, serve as potent covariates, and account for additional variance in instructional research; they can also serve as interesting independent or dependent variables in social‐psychological inquiry. Several important generalizations can be made about social environments; and a number of research problems and priorities can be identified in the areas of theory, validity, evaluation, and educational goals.     

多模态学习分析:理解与评价真实学习的新路向

随着物联网、可穿戴传感设备、人工智能的快速发展,多种模态数据的连续抓取与融合分析成为可能,促成了多模态学习分析研究的诞生,并成为学习分析领域的一个重要新兴分支.多模态学习分析关注真实的学习情境与本真的学习交流方式,"返璞归真"地聚焦更普遍的物理学习情境,克服了主流学习分析过度关注数字化学习环境的局限.研究主要采用文献归纳法,阐述了多模态学习分析的发展动因、概念理解,重点从身体、生理视角概述了多模态的数据类型,并对多模态学习分析的过程模型进行了详细描述.研究认为,未来要充分借助人工智能处理多模态数据,借鉴认知带理论融合不同模态数据的意义,借力学习理论来理解真实的多模态学习交互过程,以进一步完善基于多模态数据的学习评价方法.     

注重解题反思提高创造能力

本文阐述了解题后反思的一般过程并提出几种基本的开拓命题方法，指出解题后反思在培养学生创造性思维能力上起着十分重要的作用。     

有效大学英语教学的课堂教学模式核心建构

大学英语教学改革至今,针对大学英语教学模式的讨论层出不穷,从二语教学模式到英语教学交际模式,从多媒体教学模式到多模态教学模式,教师不仅需要了解掌握各种教学模式而且更应当明确的是有效的英语教学模式的核心部分,这样才能灵活组合和运用不同教学模式于教学实践,达到有效的大学英语课堂教学。     

Building relationships for learning: the developing role of the teaching assistant

Over the last ten years the role of the teaching assistant has undergone continued change and development. This article identifies many of the different contexts in which teaching assistants support behaviour for learning and further explores some of the challenges raised by workforce remodelling. Barry Groom argues that this could be an opportunity for reinforcing on the skills and attributes teaching assistants have already demonstrated in supporting pupil behaviour and for providing a sustainable framework for continuing professional development.     

论教师教学反思能力的提升

教学反思是指教师借助行动研究不断探究与解决自身和教学目的以及教学工具等方面的问题,将学会教学与学会学习统一起来,努力提升教学实践合理性,使自己成为学者型教师的过程.它具有超越性、实践性、过程性和主体性的特点.开展教学反思有利于教师升华教学经验、形成实践性知识体系、增强职业幸福感.通过培养良好的反思意识,以专家型教师为样例,加强教育理论学习,开展多元化的对话交流,可以有效地提升教师的教学反思能力,加速教师的职业成长.     

The role of cognition in teaching and learning: A case study

Abstract

A growing body of research has emphasized the important role that prior knowledge, experience, beliefs and attitudes play in the interpretation of policy reforms. Spillane, Reiser and Reimer (2002) assert that teachers use their prior knowledge in making sense of new directives to change their practice, pointing out how teachers arrive at different interpretations of the same policy message, sometimes even misunderstanding the policy intent. They highlight how teachers often are biased towards policy interpretations that fit with their prior beliefs and values. However, few of these studies exist in a third world setting. This article tries to bridge this gap by focusing on a case study that was executed in a South African classroom. The findings suggest that the teacher in this study were largely guided by his own beliefs of what constitutes good teaching and that curriculum policy is constantly shaped, reshaped and adapted to the situation in a process of great complexity.     

注重教学反思 提高教学质量

中等职教的学生文化素质不够理想,但教师在新技术、新工艺、新材料高速发展的今天。必须重视课堂教学的反思和信息反馈,以提高教学质量是本文探讨的主题。     

关于油画创作课教学能教的便不是创造--笔者题记

通常的油画创作课教学或流于简单模式而概念化,或放任自流由学生完全自主而使教学不能事实上实施.本文在阐述了困境之后,给出了方法论上的新构想一、帮助学生建立合理的个性化的知识结构;二、教师的作用是帮助学生选择并确立符合学生潜质的可行的风格样式;三、以讨论谈心方式取代说教式.     

构筑教学监控体系提高办学质量

教学质量是高等院校的生命线.建立系统、规范、科学的教学质量监控体系是提高高校教学质量的根本保证.近年来,中国地质大学在该方面进行了不断探索与实践,取得了良好效果.教学质量监控体系的建设主要包括建立完善的教学质量控制系统;建立完善的教学过程监控系统;建立规范的教学行为激励与约束系统.     

School-Based Management: Reconceptualizing to Improve Learning Outcomes

This article examines educational decentralization efforts in both developed and developing countries, guided by two questions: (1) under what conditions does school-based management (SBM) produce best results and (2) what are the roles and relationships of the school/community and of the region/center. The authors summarize, from recent literature, reasons for the usual failure of SBM and identify the conditions under which SBM works, noting school/community relations and external infrastructure as important factors. In looking at research from developing countries, the authors highlight similarities and differences compared to Western research, focusing on projects with promising results. Finally, the article draws strategic implications for establishing the kind of school-based developments that will positively affect learning outcomes.     

施琅与台湾的收复--纪念施琅奉旨收复台湾320周年

文章运用大量史实阐述了施琅收复台湾的经过。今年是纪念施琅奉旨收复台湾 32 0周年 ,此文以飨读者。     

提高小组合作学习实效性初探

小组学习是开放教育中重要的教学模式，学员通过小组学习互帮互助，弥补了自主学习的不足。但在实际操作中，由于缺乏管理者对于学习小组的意义、操作模式的认识，使得小组活动没有取得实效。本文对小组活动模式，从社会心理学角度进行分析，结合其他电大成功开展小组学习的经验及小组活动已有的理论研究出发。提出了关于小组合作学习有效性的建议和措施。     

数学探究学习研究的特点及其思考

数学探究学习是当下颇受关注的学习方式之一.但已有的相关研究存在着明显的问题与不足,突出表现在:倾向于将数学探究学习归结为数学解题的探究过程或者联系实际的“专题性问题”的探索,而针对数学学科特点的探究学习及教学方式的理论建设相对薄弱.基于此,在进一步研究中我们应亟待解决以下问题:(1)数学学科基础上的探究学习有哪些特色?(2)数学探究学习活动的过程要素涉及哪几个主要方面?(3)学生参与数学探究学习的实际情况如何?(4)教师教学中指导学生从事数学探究学习的情况如何?     

Introduction to the special issue on online teaching and learning

For the fourth consecutive year, the American Educational Research Association’s Online Teaching and Learning Special Interest Group has been given the opportunity to publish an issue of the INTHIG dedicated to the work of its members. Unlike prior years, this issue is expanded to include work from members of other groups within the AERA dedicated to working in online learning environments. The articles included in this issue represent cutting-edge research from some of the most renowned authors in the field.