美国GILS政策及其对我国政府的启示

简述政府信息定位服务(GILS)的含义和特点;介绍20世纪90年代美国GILS的发展历程;详细阐述美国政府颁布的《文书削减法》、《95-01号通告》、《98-05号备忘录》等政策中关于GILS实施的具体内容;指出我国引入GILS对政府和公众都有重大意义,并从制定GILS总体规划、设置GILS专职机构、保障政府信息公共获取及信息安全等方面就我国GILS政策的制定提出建议。     

美国GILS服务体系研究

介绍了美国GILS系统的发展背景,对GILS体系的结构、元数据和主要特点进行了分析,并提出其对我国政务信息资源建设的几点启示。     

政府信息定位服务与美国政府信息管理

20世纪90年代中期以后,随着电子政府服务的发展,美国联邦政府一些跨机构工作小组开始致力于政府信息定位服务(GILS)的相关调查研究,并在大量合作项目的基础上构建起联邦政府的GILS框架.此后,美国各州政府和机构也在此基础上探索构建了各具特色的GILS服务.GILS现已逐渐融合到美国电子政府整体建设之中,不仅通过因特网为公民提供政府数字信息,而且还可提供广泛的政府服务.各种类型的GILS服务之间的交流与合作也在积极展开.参考文献16.     

Government Information Locator System and Government Information Management in the United States

20世纪90年代中期以后,随着电子政府服务的发展,美国联邦政府一些跨机构工作小组开始致力于政府信息定位服务(GILS)的相关调查研究,并在大量合作项目的基础上构建起联邦政府的GILS框架。此后,美国各州政府和机构也在此基础上探索构建了各具特色的GILS服务。GILS现已逐渐融合到美国电子政府整体建设之中,不仅通过因特网为公民提供政府数字信息,而且还可提供广泛的政府服务。各种类型的GILS服务之间的交流与合作也在积极展开。     

政府信息资源描述的规范性研究

论文在对GILS和DC两种信息资源描述格式进行对比分析的基础上，提出了政府信息资源描述规范性研究的基本立足点，并对政府信息资源描述的规范架构进行了初步探讨。     

国外常用元数据标准比较研究

通过对目前国际上较流行的七种元数据标准CDWA、DC、EAD、FGDC、GILS、TEI、VRA的介绍、比较和分析，总结出元数据标准在设计和实现过程中的几个关键问题。     

论政府信息资源的元数据标准

本文论述了世界上主要的两种政府元数据标准 :GILS(政府信息定位服务 )和DC Government(都柏林核心政府元数据 ) ,比较了多国政府元数据标准及其本土化应用 ,最后提出了建设我国政府元数据框架的构想     

两种政府信息资源元数据的分析与比较及其对我国的启示

本文在分析政府信息管理领域对元数据的应用需求的基础上，较为详细地介绍了GILS与DC－Government这两种政府信息资源元数据，并从性质与功能、语义结构、句法结构以及扩展性等四个方面对二者进行了分析与比较，并由此出发对建立我国电子政务信息资源的标准化描述机制提出了几点建议。     

网络信息资源的描述

本文介绍了网络信息资源描述的现状。研究了网络信息资源描述的格式语言XML及在国内外影响较大的元数据规范DC、EAD、TEI、GILS、SMIL等，并在此基础上指出网络信息资源描述的发展策略。     

中美政府信息公开目录体系的比较与思考

分类体系和核心元数据是目录体系的核心和基础.以<政府信息公开目录系统实施指引(试行)>为基础,从分类体系的分类方式、类目设置两个方面以及GILS与<政府信息公开目录系统实施指引(试行)>设定的核心元数据对中美政府信息公开目录体系进行比较与分析.对我国政府信息公开目录体系的建设提出了完善分类方式、保证分类体系稳定性、细化类目、制订元数据编码标准化规范的建议.     

A metadata initiative for global information discovery

The Global Information Locator Service (GILS) encompasses a global vision framed by the fundamental values of open societies. Societal values such as a free flow of information impose certain requirements on the society’s information infrastructure. These requirements in turn shape the various laws, policies, standards, and technologies that determine the infrastructure design. A particular focus of GILS is the requirement to provide the means for people to discover sources of data and information. Information discovery in the GILS vision is designed to be decentralized yet coherent, and globally comprehensive yet useful for detailed data. This article introduces basic concepts and design issues, with emphasis on the techniques by which GILS supports interoperability. It explains the practical implications of GILS for the common roles of organizations involved in handling information, from content provider through system engineer and intermediary to searcher. The article provides examples of GILS initiatives in various types of communities: bibliographic, geographic, environmental, and government.     

Helping the public find information the U.S. Government Information Locator Service (GILS)

As part of the National Information Infrastructure, the U.S. federal government is establishing a Government Information Locator Service (GILS). GILS will identify and describe public information resources throughout the federal government and provide assistance in obtaining the information. It will be decentralized and will supplement other agency and commercial information dissemination mechanisms. The public will use GILS directly or through intermediaries, including the Government Printing Office and the National Technical Information Service, as well as federal depository libraries, other public libraries, and private sector information services. Direct users will have access to a GILS Core accessible on the Internet without charge. Intermediate access may include kiosks, 800 numbers, electronic mail, bulletin boards, FAX, and offline media such as floppy disks, CD-ROM, and printed works. GILS will use network technology and the American National Standards Institute Z39.50 standard for information search and retrieval so that information can be retrieved in a variety of ways. Direct users may have access to many other major federal and nonfederal information resources, linkages to data systems, and electronic delivery of information products. An Office of Management and Budget Bulletin in 1994 will provide implementing guidance to agencies. The National Institute of Standards and Technology will also establish a Federal Information Processing Standard specifying a GILS Profile and its application for agencies establishing information locators.     

GILS metadata initiatives at the state level

Metadata has emerged as a tool for providing access and managing information resources in Government Information Locator Services (GILS) in several states. Various metadata schemes have developed, building on efforts in the federal government, library, and information science communities. Methods of metadata application include incorporation into the resources, metadata wrappers, and development of repositories to store metadata separate from the resources it describe. Metadata use is also developing as a strategy for preservation of resources. Developments in RDF, XML and Z39.50 may provide means for integrating diverse metadata-based resources. At the same time, developments outside the GILS community offer alternatives that have potential to inform or replace GILS as a method of citizen access to government information.     

GILS,Government Information Locator Service: Blending Old and New to Access U.S. Governmental Information

Summary

U.S. government information resources, because of their vast quantity and lack of organization, and because of redundancies among agencies, have never been simple to locate. A budding electronic system, the Government Information Locator Service (GILS), is beginning to put structure into government information as well as to provide online pointers to government resources. This workshop explained the legislation behind the making of GILS, described its mission, and demonstrated actual searches for government information using the locator service.