中草药对奶牛隐性乳房炎的治疗效果观察

选择皖南地区某奶牛场106头奶牛进行乳房炎流行病学调查.应用SMT诊断液对奶牛奶样进行检测,发现59头奶牛具有隐性乳房炎,其发病率达55.66%.应用中草药组方研制的中药超细散剂"消炎增乳散"对奶牛隐性乳房炎进行治疗.消炎增乳散混入饲料中喂服,每天200g,3天为一个疗程.对照组不使用药物预防和治疗.结果表明中药制剂"消炎增乳散"对奶牛隐性乳房炎的治疗愈为72.2%.     

中草药对奶牛隐性乳房炎的治疗效果观察

选择皖南地区某奶牛场106头奶牛进行乳房炎流行病学调查。应用SMT诊断液对奶牛奶样进行检测，发现59头奶牛具有隐性乳房炎，其发病率达55．66％。应用中草药组方研制的中药超细散剂“消炎增乳散”对奶牛隐性乳房炎进行治疗。消炎增乳散混入饲料中喂服，每天200g，3天为一个疗程。对照组不使用药物预防和治疗。结果表明中药制剂“消炎增乳散”对奶牛隐性乳房炎的治疗愈为72．2％。     

10种中药对奶牛乳房炎病原菌的体外抑菌试验

测定了黄芩、黄柏、黄连、大黄、金银花、秦皮、板蓝根、丹参、诃子、石榴皮对6种奶牛乳房炎病原菌的体外抑茵效果和最低抑菌浓度。结果表明,黄芩、黄柏、黄连、丹参、石榴皮对6种奶牛乳房炎病原菌均有明显的抑菌作用,其余的则差异较大；对绵阳市奶牛乳房炎的防治,首选中药为黄连,同时可选用大黄、诃子、石榴皮、黄芩、金银花组方。     

奶牛急性乳房炎病原的分离与鉴定

安徽某奶牛场奶牛发生了一起急性乳房炎,选择其中两头病牛乳汁样品,分别对其病原进行分离与鉴定.经细菌学检验表明,该场奶牛的急性乳房炎是由不溶血性金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性革兰氏阳性停乳链球菌和不溶和不溶血性革兰氏阴性的大肠杆菌共同引起.     

奶牛急性乳房炎病原的分离与鉴定

安徽某奶牛场奶牛发生了一起急性乳房炎，选择其中两头病牛乳汁样品，分别对其病原进行分离与鉴定。经细菌学检验表明，该场奶牛的急性乳房炎是由不溶血性金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性革兰氏阳性停乳链球菌和不溶和不溶血性革兰氏阴性的大肠杆菌共同引起。     

选择遗传标记性状降低奶牛隐性乳房炎发生率的设想

设想通过后裔测定选择较低体细胞数 (SCC)估计育种值的公牛 ,以降低奶牛隐性乳房炎的发生率 ;对公牛进行包括生产性能、体型、SCC等各个方面的综合、全面的评价 ;考虑平衡地、较充分地发挥公牛降低隐性乳房炎发生率的遗传改良作用     

牛毛微量元素与隐性乳房炎

在全群奶牛进行乳房炎和酮病检验之后,选择16例健康牛和12例隐性乳房炎牛,进行牛毛微量元素的测定。结果健康奶牛牛毛Fe、Cu、Zn、Ca、Pb、As和Se的含量分别是76.52±24.22,9.15±1.90,162.22±55.16,1563.4±520.7,0.986±1.349,0.284±0.236和0.296±0.116ug/g;而患牛分别为59.35±23.94,6.50±3.40,96.83±19.21,747.1±674.1,1.260±1.248,0.425±0.216,和0.326±0.092ug/g。发现隐性乳房炎牛毛中Zn、Ca和Cu的含量显著低于健康牛;而毛中Fe、Pb、As和Se的含量元显著差异。初步认为隐性乳房炎与牛毛中Zn、Ca和Cu的缺乏有关。     

选择遗传标记性状降低奶牛隐性乳房炎发生率的设想

设想通过后裔测定选择较低体细胞数(SCC)估计育种值的公牛，以降低奶牛隐性乳房炎的发生率；对公牛进行包括生产性能、体型、SCC等各个方面的综合、全面的评价；考虑平衡地、较充分地发挥公牛降低隐性乳房炎发生率的遗传改良作用。     

壳聚糖免疫与抗菌功能及其在防治奶牛乳房炎中的应用前景(综述)

本文描述了壳聚糖的基本特性与作用,综述了壳聚糖的免疫活性及其抗菌功能,探讨了壳聚糖在防治奶牛乳房炎中的应用前景,为提高奶牛健康水平和牛场的社会经济效益提供参考资料.     

壳聚糖对乳房炎奶牛血清胆固醇、尿酸和肌酐的影响

为确定壳聚糖对奶牛乳房炎的治疗效果,选择产奶量、胎次和泌乳期相近,营养中等,乳房炎阴性奶牛6头,阳性30头,组成0(阴性对照组)、1(阳性对照组)和2、3、4、5组(试验组),每组6头.各组基础日粮和饲养管理相同.分别在基础日粮中添加壳聚糖0g、0g、10g、20g、40g和80g/d/头.连续喂养2周,分别与试验的0d、7d、14d采取血样,分离血清,测定血清中胆固醇、尿酸和肌酐的含量.结果:应用壳聚糖7～14d后,2、3、4、5组奶牛血清胆固醇含量均数有随壳聚糖用量的增加而降低的趋势,但差异不显著(P﹥0.05);血清尿酸和肌酐水平显著(P﹤0.05)或极显著(P﹤0.01)地降低.结论:壳聚糖具有加快乳房炎患牛机体对尿酸和肌酐排泄的功能,提高机体对炎症的抵抗力,促进机体的康复过程.     

热应激对奶牛的影响及其调控研究进展

奶牛热应激可造成奶牛生产性能下降,已成为影响我国奶业健康发展的重要因素之一。研究其调控措施,寻找切实有效对抗奶牛热应激的方法是当前奶牛养殖业的重要任务之一。本文综述了热应激对奶牛采食及消化、生产与繁殖、内分泌和免疫等方面的影响以及对抗热应激的主要措施,为奶牛养殖中进行热应激的调控以及相关研究提供参考。     

Intramammary expression and therapeutic effect of a human lysozyme-expressing vector for treating bovine mastitis

To develop a gene therapy strategy for treating bovine mastitis, a new mammary-specific vector containing human lysozyme （hLYZ） cDNA and kanamycin resistance gene was constructed for intramammary expression and clinical studies. After one time acupuncture or intracisternal infusion of healthy cows with 400μg of the p215C3LYZ vector, over 2.0 μg/ml ofrhLYZ could be detected by enzymatic assay for about 3 weeks in the milk samples. Western blotting showed that rhLYZ secreted into milk samples from the vector-injected cows had molecular weight similar to that of the natural hLYZ in human colostrums. Twenty days after the primary injection, the quarters were re-injected with the same vector by quarter acupuncture and even higher concentrations of rhL YZ could be detected. Indirect competitive ELISA of milk samples showed that the vector injection did not induce detectable humoral immune response against hL YZ. Clinical studies showed that twice acupuncture of quarters with the p215C3LYZ vector had overt therapeutic effect on clinical and subclinical mastitis previously treated with antibiotics, including disappearance of clinical symptoms and relatively high microbiological cure rates. These data provide a solid rationale for using the vector to develop gene therapy for treating bovine mastitis.     

Persistence of gentamicin residues in milk after the intramammary treatment of lactating cows for mastitis

This study was designed to investigate persistence of gentamicin residues in milk after the intramammary treatment of lactating cows for mastitis. Milk samples were collected at a 1-d interval after the last administration from 34 individual cows that had received intramammary infusions of gentamicin. The doses and treatment times evaluated in this study represented those that have been applied by veterinarians in practice. The tetrazolium chloride assay was used to determine whether there were sig-nificant residues of the antibiotic in the samples. Persistence of detectable drug residues in milk from 33 cows (28 cows, <6 infusions at≤0.7 g gentamicin; and 5 cows, 2 infusions at 0.8 g gentamicin) did not exceed 5 d; but 1 cow (5 infusions at 0.8 g gentamicin) had detectable residues in its milk for 9 d. Our results suggest that a 5-d milk withdrawal period might be insufficient to secure the clearance of the contamination of gentamicin, because treatment times and dosages contribute to the antibiotic clearance. A larger scale of samples are needed for further investigations.     

乳业与城市近代化：以抗战时期西安市为中心的考察

分析了近代以来西安乳业兴起的原因、发展过程,以及乳业发展与城市近代化的关系.认为陇海铁路的通车及抗战引发的人口西迁,推动了抗战时期西安市乳业的兴起,虽然当时的乳牛饲养、乳制品生产等处于原始发展阶段,但乳业的发展,在很大程度上改变了市区民众的饮食习惯,促进着西安城市近代化发展.     

“酮粉法”连续一年监测大群奶牛酮病试验简报

为探寻监测奶牛酮病的方法,试验用“酮粉法”快速检验酮病的效果,探讨安徽省奶牛酮病的发病规律,为防治本病提供科学依据,在一年时间内,连续对安徽合肥保健奶牛场和淮南奶牛一场、二场的泌乳母牛,进行了全面的,每月一次的监测。通过对近一万头次的监测发现,这几个场奶牛酮病的发病率在头年的十一月份到第二年的四月份发病率较高(平均为3.7%),其中二月份发病率最高(6.62%)。     

高职临床医学概论课教学满意度调查与分析——以高职医疗美容技术专业为例

通过对高职医疗美容技术专业临床医学概论课程模块化的构建，对授课内容、教学方法、成绩评定、教师行为、学生自我投入方面的满意度和重要性进行了问卷调查。同时分析课程构建中的关键因素和重要性，以期对高职临床医学概论课程的改革、提高高职教学质量、获得良好的教学效果具有一定的借鉴作用。