企业数据向善:概念、测量与展望

近年来频发的大数据杀熟、隐私泄露等数据安全事件,促使实业界和学术界开始反思企业如何合理使用数据,用数据来做好事,企业数据向善成为极具研究潜力和研究价值的新领域。本研究首先明确了企业数据向善的概念,将其划分为负责任的使用数据和数据慈善两个维度,并回顾了企业社会责任、资源基础观、负责任的研究与创新、公共物品等基础理论,在此基础上开发企业数据向善量表,最后提出企业数据向善未来研究的五大议题。本研究丰富和拓展了企业数据向善理论研究,为未来的企业数据向善研究执炬,不仅对学术界关注企业数据向善问题具有启发意义,而且对实业界实施数据向善造福社会具有启示意义。     

简析编制评估方案的基本原则

科技评估方案是科技评估活动中一个关键环节。对如何编制科学、完整、有针对性的评估方案进行了较为深入地研究，编制科技评估方案应明确评估目的的评估对象，准确地进行评估需求分析，科学地设计评估框架，确定信息的采集范围和方法、选择好评估人员等。对独立、客观、公正和科学地开展科技评估提供了可行的操作方法和原则。     

Does imagination compensate for the need for touch in 360-virtual shopping?

The inability to touch products is a fundamental shortcoming in online shopping because humans typically use the sense of touch to evaluate the utilitarian product functionality and to obtain hedonic sensory enjoyment, which the instrumental and autotelic need for touch capture. This study of 900 consumers looks at the interplay between need for touch and imagination to study how imagination compensates for the lack of touch when consumers shop in a 360-virtual store. The study finds that while telepresence of a 360-virtual store improves consumer attitudes toward virtual shopping, the need for hedonic sensory enjoyment – autotelic need for touch – significantly reduces this effect. Further, imagination can compensate for the need for touch; yet this finding holds only for the instrumental need for touch, not for the autotelic need for touch. Consequently, we conclude that imagination can compensate for the utilitarian need to touch products in a 360-virtual store.     

Algorithms for chattering reduction in system control

Sliding mode control (SMC) is among the popular approaches for control of systems, especially for unknown nonlinear systems. However, the chattering in SMC is generally a problem that needs to be resolved for better control. A time-varying method is proposed for determining the sliding gain function in the SMC. Two alternative tuning algorithms are proposed for reducing the sliding gain function for systems. The first algorithm is for systems with no noise and disturbance but with or without unmodeled dynamics. The second algorithm is for systems with noise, disturbance, unmodeled dynamics, or any combination of them. Compared with the state-dependent, equivalent-control-dependent, and hysteresis loop methods, the proposed algorithms are more straightforward and easy to implement. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated for five different cases. A 90% to 95% reduction of chattering is achieved for the first algorithm used for systems with sensor dynamics only. By using the second algorithm, the chattering is reduced by 70% to 90% for systems with noise and/or disturbance, and by 25% to 50% for systems with a combination of disturbance, noise, and unmodeled dynamics.     

数控铣床操作实训教学中刀具损坏原因分析

针对学生数铣操作实训教学中容易出现的刀具损坏现象,把整个加工过程分为三个阶段对刀具损坏的现象进行归纳,分析出每种刀具损坏现象的原因,对学生易犯的一些错误操作提出解决措施。通过归纳分析刀具损坏原因,便于有针对性的对学生进行刀具安全讲解,对数铣实训教学有很好的现实意义。     

文化价值观科学功能探讨——以清教伦理与儒家文化为例

文化价值观在特定时代条件内对科学发展起着不经意的推动或阻碍作用。从清教伦理与儒家文化的比较角度来看,这两种文化价值观对近代科学发展分别具有不同的科学价值导向功能、科学思想方法导引功能、科学兴趣培养功能以及科学精神培育功能。文章认为不断建构恰当的科学文化价值观和创造有利于科学发展的文化环境,是促进科学进步与社会发展的永恒课题。     

物流本科人才培养中的问题与对策

当前高校物流本科人才培养难以达到企业中高级物流管理人才的要求,分析物流本科人才培养的问题与对策,具有现实意义。文章在分析物流行业人才需求的基础上,探讨了物流本科人才培养中的问题,提出了优化物流本科人才培养的对策：合理定位人才培养目标;优化人才培养方案;加强师资队伍建设;强化实践教学环节。     

跨学科背景下我国高等研究院的现状与趋势

对近年来我国成立的自然科学与社会科学高等研究院进行了梳理,总结了我国大学高等研究院的特点和问题,认为高等研究院发展将从粗放走向集约,人文社科高等研究院可能会继续繁荣,跨地区、跨学科、跨单位的高等研究院将会有所突破,政府对高等研究院将加强管理,高等研究院的内涵将进一步模糊。     

论学生入党标准体系

正确认识和把握学生入党标准是高校党组织发展学生党员的基本依据,是提高学生党员发展质量的根本保证。根据《中国共产党章程》《普通高等学校学生党建工作标准》等规定,本文主要从学生入党的基本标准、具体标准和考察标准三个方面来分析和研究学生入党标准体系。     

学科政策与科学政策——基于科学基金的思考

学科政策是科学政策的重要组成部分，对国家科学的发展影响深远。本文从学科的功能和学科政策的基本内涵出发，考察学科政策的社会经济因素及其影响，比较分析发达国家学科政策的主要类型和特点，指出国家科学资助机构在促进学科发展中的独特优势，进而提示对我国学科建设和学科发展的启示意义。     

浅析药品商标注册的审查标准

根据《商标注册用商品和服务国际分类》（第九版）,药品属于第五类商品。该类商品包括“人用药、医用营养品、兽药、农药”等。作为一种特殊商品,药品尤其是人用药品直接关系到广大消费者的生命健康安全,大多数国家对药品的生产和销售均有专项法规予以规范,在药品商标的注册上亦执行比较特殊的审查标准。     

Information analysis for dynamic sale planning by AI decision support process

Marketing is all about finding out what your customers want and need. The information is used to create the model and improve the quality of products and services to satisfy customers. There are two major parts to a sale's planning: containing sales tactics and sales strategy. To aid in business decision-making, a data warehouse (DW) for sales collects and organizes relevant and historical data. DW is also a method for combining data from various heterogeneous databases (DB) and other sources of information for analysis. In this paper, Information analysis for dynamic Sale planning by AI Decision support process was done. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) algorithms have been used to find optimal MVs for sale planning since several authors prove that these algorithms are better than other existing algorithms. MVs selection is based on three factors: time running of MVs, area of MVs, and access frequency of MVs by manipulating the selection result using a weighted combination of each factor as needed by the designer. For PSO, the most cost of frequency was 1.924 for View (V) 11, while for QPSO, it was 1.722 for V11. For PSO, the most cost of time was 1.931 for V2, while for QPSO, it was 1.221 for V22. For PSO, the most cost of the area was 1.800 for V17, while for QPSO, it was 1.071 for V17. The results revealed that Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization is much more accurate than Particle Swarm Optimization.     

采用Norton模型对产品更新换代扩散趋势的研究——以中国互联网用户上网方式的更新换代为例

本文在Bass模型的基础上,详细介绍了产品更新换代扩散的Norton模型,并例举了通信产业的产品更新换代扩散的实例,中国互联网上网方式的更新换代的发展。模型参数的估算是影响模型准确性的一个重要方面,论文总结了前人的成果,采用遗传算法作为Norton模型的参数估计方法,并对中国互联网的上网方式,如拨号上网、ISDN(综合业务数字网)上网、宽带上网的扩散进行实证研究,模型得出另人满意的结果,并将结果与Bass模型进行了比较和讨论,得出结论,采用Norton模型研究产品更新换代扩散是一种更好的选择。最后,论文对中国移动通信网络发展提出展望。     

间断需求预测方法综述

间断需求是一种随机需求,需求数据中存在着大量的零值。具有间断需求的物资如备件、贵重设备等对于企业生产运作非常重要,需要精确的预测才能很好地进行管理,但目前研究间断需求预测方法的文献不多,已有的间断需求预测方法适用范围有限,还缺少比较通用的预测方法。本文对现有的间断需求预测方法进行了回顾,分析了当前间断需求预测方法存在的问题,并提出了未来可能的研究方向。     

论图书馆的社会化变革

图书馆面临外部多种信息媒体的竞争与内部机制不活的困境，只有进行以法制建设为基础；以效益为中心；以竞争为机制；以投资体制的改革为突破口；以信息组织与服务、信息增值为已任的一系列社会化变革，才能再创辉煌。     

Enhanced H-filter based on F?hr?us-Lindqvist effect for efficient and robust dialysis without membrane

A novel microfluidic device for highly efficient and robust dialysis without membrane is highly desired for the development of portable or wearable microdialyzer. Here we report an enhanced H-filter with pillar array based on Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect (F-L effect) for highly efficient and robust membraneless dialysis of simplified blood for the first time. The H-filter employs two fluids laminarly flowing in the microchannel for continuously membraneless dialysis. With pillar array in the microchannel, the two laminar flows, with one containing blood cells and small molecules and another containing dialyzate solution, can form a cell-free layer at the interface as selective zones for separation. This provides enhanced mixing yet extremely low shear for extraction of small molecules from the blood-cell-containing flow into the dialyzate flow, resulting in robust separation with reduced cell loss and improved efficiency. We demonstrate this by first using Chlorella pyrenoidosa as model cells to quantitatively study the separation performances, and then using simplified human blood for dialysis. The advanced H-filter, with highly efficient and robust performance for membraneless dialysis, shows great potential as promising candidate for rapid blood analysis/separation, and as fundamental structure for portable dialyzer.     

Essential gyrators and reciprocity in junction structures

This paper proposes an extended definition of reciprocity for a multiport junction structure based on the concept of essential gyrator coupling. Two theorems are given for junction structures containing gyrators and an algorithm is presented for identifying essential gyrators. The results are useful both theoretically and for designing efficient computation procedures for junction structures.     

外国海军院校学员海上训练的特点及启示

海上训练是海军军官培养的重要环节,外国海军院校高度重视海上训练在人才培养中的作用,科学合理地设置海上训练内容,注重教官队伍建设,为海上训练工作提供了强有力的保障。学习和借鉴外国海军院校开展学员海上训练工作的有益经验,对加强和改进我海军院校学员海上训练工作具有重要意义。     

Verification of Atellica 1500 and comparison with Iris urine analyser and urine culture

IntroductionThe aims of study were to assess: 1) performance specifications of Atellica 1500, 2) comparability of Atellica 1500 and Iris, 3) the accuracy of both analysers in their ability to detect bacteria.Materials and methodsCarryover, linearity, precision, reproducibility, and limit of blank (LoB) verification were evaluated for erythrocyte and leukocyte counts. ICSH 2014 protocol was used for estimation of carryover, CLSI EP15-A3 for precision, and CLSI EP17 for LoB verification. Comparison for quantitative parameters was evaluated by Bland-Altman plot and Passing-Bablok regression. Qualitative parameters were evaluated by Weighted kappa analysis. Sixty-five urine samples were randomly selected and sent for urine culture which was used as reference method to determine the accuracy of bacteria detection by analysers.ResultsAnalytical specifications of Atellica 1500 were successfully verified. Total of 393 samples were used for qualitative comparison, while 269 for sediment urinalysis. Bland-Altman analysis showed statistically significant proportional bias for erythrocytes and leukocytes. Passing-Bablok analysis for leukocytes pointed to significant constant and minor proportional difference, while it was not performed for erythrocytes due to significant data deviation from linearity. Kappa analysis resulted in the strongest agreements for pH, ketones, glucose concentrations and leukocytes, while the poorest agreement for bacteria. The sensitivity and specificity of bacteria detection were: 91 (59-100)% and 76 (66-87)% for Atellica 1500 and 46 (17-77)% and 96 (87-100)% for Iris.ConclusionThere are large differences between Atellica 1500 and Iris analysers, due to which they are not comparable and can not be used interchangeably. While there was no difference in specificity of bacteria detection, Iris analyser had greater sensitivity.     

基于人才争夺的知识获取策略研究

战略管理研究越来越强调知识在企业赢得竞争优势中的重要作用。通过争夺作为知识载体的人才已经成为企业获取外部知识的一个重要手段。本文分析人才争夺与知识获取之间的关系,识别基于人才争夺的知识获取策略存在的问题并提出相应对策建议。